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A Study Of Chicken Gut To Determine The Colonization Of Bacillus Licheniformis And Changes In The Histological Features

By: Arooj Tahir (2015-VA-812) | Mr. Shahid Abbas.
Contributor(s): Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Saif-ur-Rehman Kashif.
Material type: materialTypeLabelBookPublisher: 2017Description: 71p.Subject(s): BiochemistryDDC classification: 2893-T Dissertation note: The most important and commonly used source of animal protein in the whole world these days is poultry meat. With the increase in the world population the demand of poultry meat is also increasing. Universally, for the treatment of infected chicken and for growth promotion, antibiotic growth promoters are used. But the extensive and long term use of AGPs for growth promotion and infection treatments has resulted in the survival of resistant bacterial strains that poses a very drastic threat to both animal and human health. Because of these radical results, some of the countries have restricted the use of AGP in poultry and are moved on towards the use of probitics as growth promoters. The most commonly used strain for probiotics is from genus Bacillus as they have the tendency to survive even in the harsh and industrial conditions. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pumilusare are the ones that are involved in the spoilage of food and certain medical conditions. In this study, we considered the effects of probiotics as an alternative of AGP in poultry. Bacillus spp. can be used as probiotics, as they can efficiently colonize in the small intestine and improve the growth enhancement in broilers. A selective strain of bacteria Bacillus licheniformis was used as a probiotic for the broiler chicken. After 42 days, 15 birds from three different groups were collected, 5 from each group, and slaughtered to collect cecum samples and intestinal tissue samples. The samples were processed for DNA extraction, PCR and histological methods to determine the probiotics colonization and growth differences between the normal ones and the treated ones. There was a considerable increase in the height of the villi in the treated ones as compared to the control ones which showed that the use probiotic helped increase the surface area of the intestine for increased absorption. The extracted DNA from the cecum sample was used for PCR amplification and sequencing, the results confirmed the presence of Summary 64 Bacillus licheniformis. The results showed that the probiotic was efficiently colonized in chicken gut and it improved the gut health and also helped chicken in gaining weight.
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The most important and commonly used source of animal protein in the whole world these days is poultry meat. With the increase in the world population the demand of poultry meat
is also increasing. Universally, for the treatment of infected chicken and for growth promotion,
antibiotic growth promoters are used. But the extensive and long term use of AGPs for growth
promotion and infection treatments has resulted in the survival of resistant bacterial strains that
poses a very drastic threat to both animal and human health. Because of these radical results,
some of the countries have restricted the use of AGP in poultry and are moved on towards the
use of probitics as growth promoters. The most commonly used strain for probiotics is from
genus Bacillus as they have the tendency to survive even in the harsh and industrial conditions.
Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pumilusare are the ones that are involved in
the spoilage of food and certain medical conditions.
In this study, we considered the effects of probiotics as an alternative of AGP in poultry.
Bacillus spp. can be used as probiotics, as they can efficiently colonize in the small intestine and
improve the growth enhancement in broilers. A selective strain of bacteria Bacillus licheniformis
was used as a probiotic for the broiler chicken. After 42 days, 15 birds from three different
groups were collected, 5 from each group, and slaughtered to collect cecum samples and
intestinal tissue samples. The samples were processed for DNA extraction, PCR and histological
methods to determine the probiotics colonization and growth differences between the normal
ones and the treated ones. There was a considerable increase in the height of the villi in the
treated ones as compared to the control ones which showed that the use probiotic helped increase
the surface area of the intestine for increased absorption. The extracted DNA from the cecum
sample was used for PCR amplification and sequencing, the results confirmed the presence of
Summary
64
Bacillus licheniformis. The results showed that the probiotic was efficiently colonized in chicken
gut and it improved the gut health and also helped chicken in gaining weight.

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