To determine the levels ol macro m inciiils (N a, K, Ca, IVIg, and P) in livestock of (I istrict Okara and Hafizabad, about 1000 blood samples were collected. In addition to blood, samples of feed, fodder, soil and water were also collected from same sites. Other samples included feed and fodder, soil and water. Species under study were bulThlocs, cattle, sheep and goats. Sampling was done in two seasons i.e., summer and winter. For blood collection, animal were subdivided in two groups i.e., small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (cattle and buffaloes). In small ruminant 50% samples were taken from adult animals and 50% from lambs and kids. In large ruminants samples were taken in equal numbers from calves, lactating and dry animals. Heparin was used as anticoagulant in blood samples. By using centrifuge machine blood plasma was separated and preserved in freezer. Feedstuff and soil samples were dried in oven and ground to 1mm particle size by using Willy mill. Water samples were given no treatment except filtration.

Plasma samples were digested by using 10% TCA, whereas soil and feedstuff samples were subjected to wet digestion. After dilution all samples were run in atomic absorption spectrophotometer for estimation of Ca and Mg. Potassium and sodium were observed by flame photometer whereas phosphorus estimation was done by using spectrophotometer. The mean plasma phosphorus values foi di1feint groups o± ammals in distiict Okaia as observed were 4.141±0.202 and 4.651±0.321mg / I OOml for small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (Buffaloes and cattle), respectively. Whereas in district Hafizabad the mean plasma phosphorus values as observed were 3.601±0.222 and 3.043±0.122 mg / lOOmi in small ruminants (sheep and goats) and for large ruminants (Buffaloes and cattle), respectively. It is evident form the data that animals of the Okara district have adequate levels of phosphorus whereas animals of the district Hafizabad are had lower phosphorus values.

The mean plasma potassium values for different groups of animals in district Okara as observed were 4.454±0.22 1 and 4.458±0.155 mEq/L for small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (Buffaloes and cattle), respectively. Whereas in district Hafizabad the mean plasma potassium values as observed were 5.974±0.365 and 5.626±0.236 mEq/L in small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (Buffaloes and cattle), respectively. The values were similar for both the districts.

The mean plasma sodium values for different groups of animals in district Okara as observed were 116.7.9±5.19 and 107.04±3.89 mEq/L in small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (Buffaloes and cattle), respectively. Whereas in district Hafizabad the mean plasma sodium values as observed were 9 1.93±3.48 and 88.95±2.96 mEq/L small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (Buffaloes and cattle), respectively. Both the districts showed sodium deficiency in small and large ruminants. Livestock of Hafizabad district had lower sodium values than district Okara.

The results of the present study indicate that there are higher values of plasma calcium in livestock of Okara and Hafizabad district. The mean plasma calcium values for different groups of animals in district Okara as observed were 14.17±1.60 and 14.05±1.26 mg / lOOml small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (buffaloes and cattle), respectively. Whereas in district Hafizabad the mean plasma calcium values as observed were 32.01±0.30 and 28.14±1.42 mg I lOOmI small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (buffaloes and cattle), respectively.

Plasma magnesium values were found slightly higher in livestock of Okara district. Whereas livestock of district Hafizabad have many folds higher level of plasma magnesium than normal ones. The mean plasma magnesium values for different groups of animals in district Okara as observed were 3.92 1±.449, 3.845±0.346 mg /lOOml for small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (buffaloes and cattle), respectively. Whereas in district Hafizabad, the mean plasma magnesium values as determined were 13.075±0.970, 17.16±1.29 mg I I OOml for small ruminants (sheep and goats) and large ruminants (buffaloes and cattle), respectively.

Feedstuff, soil and water analysis has shown nearly similar pattern in macro mineral levels. With few exceptions, the district with higher plasma mineral values showed higher mineral profile in feedstuff, soil and water as compared to other district.