Scientific interest in medicinal plants has grown rapidly due to increased efficiency of new plant-derived drugs, growing interest in natural products, and rising concerns about the side effects of conventional medicine. Before being considered for clinical trials in humans, the active ingredients of these plants should be identified and must show tolerable levels of toxicity in several animal models. Today, there are at least 120 distinct chemical substances derived from plants that are considered as important drugs currently in use in one or more countries in the world. More than 150 studies conducted since 1959 confirmed the pharmacological effectiveness of N. sativa seed constituents. N. sativa seed is a complex substance of more than 100 compounds, some of which have not yet been identified or studied. A combination of fatty acids, volatile oils and trace elements are believed to contribute to its effectiveness. The seeds of Nigella sativa Linn. (Ranunculaceae), commonly known as black seed or black cumin, are used in folk (herbal) medicine all over the world for the treatment and prevention of a number of disease conditions such as asthma, diarrhoea and dyslipidaemia etc. Much of the biological activity of the seeds has been shown to be due to thymoquinone, the major component of the essential oil, but which is also present in the fixed oil. The plant's mechanism of action is still largely unknown. The present study was designed to study the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect of Nigella Sativa oil on mammals (Rabbits). Another hypothesis is that Nigella Sativa oil has no hepatotoxicity in treated rabbits was also tested in this study. It has been observed that Nigella Sativa oil has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity along with no hepatotoxicity in treated rabbits. The biochemical analysis including ALT and AST showed variations from normal range after injecting LPS and turpentine oil. However, after administering LPS and turpentine oil along with Nigella sativa oil showed normal range of ALT and AST values as compared to values of the control group. These findings indicate that Nigella sativa oil may have protective action against hepatotoxicity in rabbits. All the results showed that Nigella sativa oil can also be used as an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent in veterinary practice is less toxic to aspirin. This study therefore, supports its use in folk medicine both as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agent and calls for further investigations to elucidate its mechanism of action.