Biological evidences have most significant place in forensic analysis. These biological evidences may be blood, hair, tissue, nails, and saliva. Pakistan is one of the highest populated country having poor Law & Order Situation. DNA typing is the best tool for human identification all over the world which is unfortunately is at scant in Pakistan at the Moment. Biological evidences have most significant place in forensic analysis. These biological evidences may be blood, hair, tissue, nails, and saliva. In present study the extraction, quantification and typing of DNA was done from different fruit pits and peels from forensic point of view. DNA as biological evidence have been collected from cigarette buts, bottle necks, bottle straws, tea cups but not from any fruits pits or fruit peels so it will be a new study in forensic field. DNA extraction from these saliva stained samples was done by organic method. Quantification was done by Real Time PCR using Quantifiler Kits. Identifiler Kit having 15 STRs was used for Genotyping of amplified products. Statistical analysis done using POP GENE and Power Stats softwares.
Allele frequency, heterozygosity, homozygosity, polymorphism information content (PIC), power of discrimination and power of exclusion of all microsatellite markers were calculated. Average power of discrimination, average hetrozygosity, average observed homozygosity and average polymorphism information content (PIC) value for all alleles 0.856, 0.7158, 0.2238, 0.71, respectively. Moreover combined power of exclusion reached a significant value of 0.9998. Almost all of the microsatellite markers showed significant variations in population size Microsatellite "D8S1179, D2S1338, and FGA" showed maximum variation i.e. 8 alleles and microsatellite"D18S51 and THO1" showed the least variation among all microsatellite markers i.e. 4 alleles. Genotyping results of microsatellite markers were clearly different for each donor of the saliva stains.
This study was done on preliminary basis in Pakistan and successful results were obtained for forensic analysis of the any crime scene. This facility can be provided on commercial basis as forensic tool and the research based study can be extended to a number of stains of the biological secretions in the same directions.