This was the first study in which maximum parameters were covered to see the effect of mineral variation in canal water, drinking water, soil and fodder on blood serum. This study was conducted at canal water, drinking water, soil, fodder (Berseem), and blood samples from different groups of buffaloes at Livestock Experiment Station Bhunikey Distt. Kasur. The objectives of these samplings were to find out the concentration of calcium, magnesium, and inorganic phosphorus in the different types of samples and also to find out the effect of mineral variation on reproductive efficiency of buffaloes.
All the sample collection was carried out on standard basis. Analyses of water and soil were performed at Agriculture Soil and Fertility Center (Thokar Niaz Baig) Lahore. To overcome variations, water sample used for drinking of buffaloes and for irrigation of soil were collected and checked separately. Soil samples were taken from same places at different depths from where fodder was coming. Samples of soil were collected between 0-18 inches up to where roots of fodder can penetrate. The soil was highly deficient in phosphorus. Fodder (Berseem) samples were checked at the start of December and at the end of March. The values of minerals were significantly (P < 0.05) low in fodder (Berseem) at the end of March because Trifolium alxendrium was at ripening stage. The history of animal reproductive status was confirmed by Honda ultrasound at 2.5 Mega Hertz. Serum minerals profile was analyzed at Buffalo Research Institute (Pattoki). All the animals were lactating excluding heifers. Blood serum of all buffaloes in this study was analyzed twice at the interval of two months to check the variation. The levels of minerals were non-significant (P > 0.05) among the groups but were significant (P < 0.05) between the groups at the start of December and at the end of March. Overall calcium was low in anestrus heifers. The calcium level was in blood serum low at the end of March.
The level of magnesium were significantly (P < 0.05) different between canal and drinking water. Magnesium was non-significant (P > 0.05) in soil at different depths and similarly in fodder (Berseem) at start of December and at the end of March. Magnesium was significantly (P < 0.05) different in blood serum at start and end of March between the groups. Level of magnesium was low in normal cycling and repeat breeder buffaloes. Inorganic phosphorus was non-significant (P > 0.05) among water, soil, fodder (Berseem) and blood serum and concentration of inorganic phosphorus was low in non cycling buffaloes. Deficiency of minerals in soil, and drinking water was significantly (P < 0.05) contributing its effect on fodder. Anestrus heifers had lower Ca: P ratio among the buffaloes groups.
All the results were analyzed through Independent sample T test. To observe the relationship between mineral profile of soil, water, fodder and serum of buffaloes Correlation Coefficient and multiple regression was applied. To compare difference between mineral profiles of 4 groups in buffaloes serum ANOVA was applied (Steel et al, 1997). Difference between means compared through DMR (Duncan. 1955) by using SPSS version 13. It was concluded from this study inorganic phosphorus is required to soil of Distt. Kasur. Mineral mixture rich in calcium required to anestrus heifers and Ca: P ratio was low in this group.