2.
A Clinico-Biochemical Study On Different Pre-Anesthetic Drugs With Propofol For Neutering In Dogs
by Saba Siddique | Dr. Sadaf Aslam | Prof. Dr.M.Arif Khan | Dr. Raheela Akhtar.
Material type: Book; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: The present research project was designed to study the effect of three routinely used
pre anaesthetic (alpha-2 adrenergic agonists) drugs xylazine (xylaz; 20 mg/ml, farvet, Holland)
and medetomidine (doiter, 1 mg/ml ; Orion pharma, finland), diazepam(Valium 0.25 mg/kg) and
propofol (pofol, 10 mg/ml ;Dongkook pharma, korea) anaesthesia in male dogs and castration
surgery was performed using pre scrotal approach. The effect of these sedative and anaesthetic
agents was studied at physical (temperature, pulse, and respiration), sedative (palpebral effect),
analgesic (tail pinch, toe pinch reflex), liver function (ALT, AST, and ALP), renal functions
(serum creatinine, BUN) and haematological (RBC, WBC, Hb) parameters. A total number of
twelve (12) dogs (mix breed) clinical cases were selected. These dogs were subjected into three
groups (A, B , C) each comprising four (4) dogs. Different drugs combination was administered
in each group of dogs. Three different drug combinations are;
Group A .Xylazine-Propofol
Group B. Diazepam-Propofol
Group C. Medetomidine-Propofol
Blood samples were taken at four different intervals like 0 minutes, 30 minutes, 60
minutes and after 24 hours in EDTA coated vacutainer for studying haematological parameters
and in lithium heparin vacutainer for evaluating biochemical parameters.
Results revealed that both sedative and anaesthetic agents produce slight non-significant changes
in liver enzymes but in case of renal function test, medetomidine-propofol produce significant
Summary
42
changes in serum creatinine and xylazine-propofol, and diazepam-propofol produce significant
changes in the values of blood urea nitrogen. Coming towards haematology, white blood cells
increase significantly in diazepam-propofol receiving group. The results of the present research
study were mostly similar with the findings of other scientists. The results of present project
were analysed by ANOVA followed by Turkey honestly significant difference (HSD) test.
Conclusion
The result of present project will prove fruitful for veterinary practioners for selectin
anaesthesia protocol for patients suffering from hepatitis or other liver, renal and haematological
problems and would be productive to solve the problems of anaesthetists who are actively
engaged in canine practice all over the world. On the basis of findings of this study it is
concluded that medetomidine-propofol combination gives better results. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2689-T] (1).
4.
Comparative Efficacy Of Injectable And Inhalation Anesthesia In Pigeons
by Matiur Rehman (2013-VA-858) | Dr. Sadaf Aslam | Dr. Uzma Farid Durrani | Dr. M. Ovais Omer.
Material type: Book; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: General anesthesia is frequently used throughout the word in birds and experimental animals for different purposes. There are two techniques were used for general anesthesia, one is injectable and other is inhalational. Different drugs used for injectable anesthesia are ketamine, medetomidine, detomidine, xylazine etc. Drugs used for inhalational anesthesia include isoflurane, sevoflurane, nitrous oxide, halothane etc.
The present study was conducted to compared the different injectable and inhalational anesthetics for their effect on temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, induction time, anesthesia time, recovery duration and oxygen saturation in birds of different groups.
For this purposes 15 pigeons were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups A, B and C. Each group contained 5 pigeons. Group A was treated with ketamine, group B with xylazine and group C with isoflurane. After administration of these drugs with respect to their group then we noted the temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rate for every 15 min interval, and also noted the induction time, anesthesia time, and recovery duration for each group. Oxygen saturation was checked only in group C.
The result of our trial was that, the ketamine treated pigeons of group A showed hypothermia, bradycardia and respiratory depression. The induction and recovery was fast but rough while the duration of anesthesia was long.
The xylazine treated pigeons of group B also showed hypothermia, bradycardia and respiratory depression but their induction and recovery time was long and smooth. The muscles relaxation was present and there was low quality anesthesia, about all reflexes were present.
Summary
37
The birds of group C which were treated with isoflurane did not show any significant change in temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate (TPR) and oxygen saturation. The induction and recovery both were fast and smooth. The duration of anesthesia was desirable, how long duration we need it gave the anesthesia of choice.
The present study proved that isoflurane was the best anesthetic for the painful and long surgeries. The muscles relaxation was good. It has no side effects. The effect of isoflurane on TPR was negligible. The induction and recovery both are rapid and smooth. By using isoflurane all reflexes were absent. The data of injectable and inhalational anesthesia was analysed by ANOVA ONE, least significant difference (LSD) in all groups and pair t test in group C with the help of SPSS version 20.
Isoflurane can be used as safe and durable anesthetic in pet birds as well as in animals. It has low cost as compared to other inhalant anesthetics like sevoflurane etc. It facilitate both owner and veterinarian in long run surgeries or other painful procedures.
The results of this study helped the surgeons to choose the effective anesthetics both injectable or inhalational for performing safe surgery or other painful procedures to avoid adverse effects of anesthetics in different clinically birds. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2395-T] (1).
5.
A Clinico-Biochemical Study Of Xylazine-Propofol,Meditomidine-Propofol, Diazepam-Propofol During Ovariohystrectomy Operationin Female Dogs
by Muhammad Ajmal (2006-VA-175) | Dr. Sadaf Aslam | Dr Ayesha Safdar | Dr. Nisar Ahmad.
Material type: Book; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Background:
Awareness among the small animals practitioner as the impedance has increased many fold on veterinary surgeons to select an ideal anesthetic provoking an ideal outcome during the ovariohystrectomy surgical interventions. The anesthesia should be selected in such a way that animal can recover from anesthesia early on and the operating room time for each patient be minimized in such a way that the animal bears minimum cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal changes due to different pre-anesthetic drugs used.
Hypothesis:
• Medetomidine-propofol might be better among all other three.
Parameters/Methodology:
For this study, fifteen dogs brought to the Pet center for ovariohystrectomywere selected, the
animalswere allocated into three treatment groups, viz. Groups A and Group B and Group C
with 5 animals each.
In group A animalsXylazineHCL was administered intramuscularly at the dose rate of 2.2mg/kgbody weight as pre anesthetic. After 3-5 minutes of preanesthetic injection propofol (6 mg/kg ofbody weight, IV) was injected. In group B, after surgical preparation, Medetomidine HCL in all the five dogs wasinjecting intramuscularly at the dose rate of 40 µg/kg body weight as pre anesthetics. After 3-5 minutes of pre anesthetic injection propofol (6 mg/kg of body weight, IV) was injected.
The dogs of group C Diazepam was injected intramuscularly (0.25 mg/kg) as pre
anesthetic. After 3-5 minutes of pre-anestheticinjectionpropofol (6 mg/kg of body weight, IV)
was injected.
Whilst regularly checking reflexes after short intervalsof time. After achieving of the
surgical stage of anesthesia, the surgical operation was begun.
Biochemical profile assessment was done for renal function tests (serum creatinine,
BUN) and live function tests (ALT, AST, and Alkaline phosphates).
Statistical Design:
The data wasanalyzed by One Way ANOVA followed by multiple comparison tests using
Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. The proportionate data was
analyzed through z-distribution test.
Outcome: Considering the significance of anesthesia in surgical interventions, this project was designed tostudy the effect new anesthesia combinations on cardiovascular system, renal and hepaticfunction for an efficacious and ideal pre-anesthetic combination for futuristic surgicalinterventions in dogs, with the aim to minimize surgical complications and accentuate early recovery.
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Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2771-T] (1).