1.
Pathological Changes Induced By Deltamethrin In Japanese Quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) And Its Treatment With Vitamin E and Selenium
by Muhammad Zahid Khan | Dr.Muti-ur-Rehman Khan | Dr.KAmran | Prof.Dr.M.Younus Rana.
Material type: ; Format:
print
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not fiction
Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1277,T] (1).
2.
Diagnosis Of Surra In Equines By Indirection Fluorescent Anitobody
by Malik Ahsan Nadeem | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Kamran | Prof.Dr.Zafar Iqbal Ch | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 2007Dissertation note: Trypanosomiasis (‘surra) is the most widely distributed arthropod- born protozoan disease affecting the equines. This study was conduàted to check the efficacy of indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for the diagnosis of Surra. For this purpose 200 blood samples were collected from horses and donkeys from different areas of Gujranwala district. Thin blood smears were prepared on clean glass slides and blood samples were centrifuged to separate the serum. Serum was transferred into the vacutainers and transported to laboratory. The serum was separated by centrifugation and stored at -70°C. 200 thin blood smear slides were fixed with methanol and subjected to Giemsa stain for further microscopic examination. Then the 200 thin blood smear slides were fixed with acetone for further processing in indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The prevalence rate of 2% and 6% by using thin blood smear and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was obtained respectively. The results helped us to determine accuracy of indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for diagnosis of Surra.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0994,T] (1).
3.
Epidemiological And Experimental Investigation Of Hydatidosis In Buffalo, Cattle And Dogs
by Ghulam Yasin | Dr.Muhammad Athar Khan | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: In the epidemiological investigation of present project, 1300 slaughtered buffaloes and 1300 slaughtered cattle were inspected for hydatidosis from two different abattoirs in Lahore district. rllhe results showed that the Overall prevalence of hydatidosis in buffalo was 33.9% (Male 30% and Female 37.81%). Overall prevalence of hydatidosis in cattle was 31.2% (Male 30% and Female 32.42%). Higher prevalence was due to examination of only adult/older animals. As regard to distribution of hydatid cyst, the lungs were more effected than any other organs of both cattle and buffalo. The number, size and state of hydatid cysts were also examined and their results are briefly discussed.
While in experimental investigation of said project, twenty dogs were maintained for a period of two and a half month and the results showed that the dogs infected experimentally with . granulosus did not exhibit any significant and specific symptoms. Among three drugs used against experimentally induced E. granulosus, the Mannsonil (Niclosamide) is the drug of choice (87% effective) while Forbenda (Albendazole) is the drug of choice (87% effective) while Forbenda (Albendazole) is ineffective and Chanazole (Mebendazole) is also very good. The best method to confirm the infection in live dogs is the purgation of the dogs, while in dead dogs is the postmortem examination and inspection of small intestine for E. granulosus.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0559,T] (1).
4.
Prevalence Of Trichomoniasis In Domestic And Wild Pigeons And Its Effect On Some Blood Parameters Nd Weight Gain
by Hassan Saleem, M | Dr.Khalid Pervez | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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not fiction
Publisher: 1999Dissertation note: The present project was designed to study the prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae (Trichomoniasis) in domestic and wild pigeons and its effect on some blood parameters and also on weight gain.
To find out the prevalence of T. gallinae in domestic and wild pigeons 100 pigeons were examined between March and Apr11, 1998 from different shops of New Tollinton Market and Lahore Zoo, Lahore. The overall prevalence in domestic and wild pigeons was 41%, which was 30% in March and 52% in April. The birds which were kept in unhygienic conditions and ill fed had more chance of having T. galllnae and have higher prevalence.
For the haematological study 10 healthy and 10 infected pigeons were randomly selected (from the already tested -ye and +ve of the infection) and their blood was examined for ITh, Tl.C, DLC and
PCV. The values of Hh, PCV and Monocytes of unhealthy pigeons are lesser than the healthy pigeons, while values of TLC, hetorophils, lymphocytes and Eosinophils are higher in diseased pigeons than the healthy pigeons. There is a significant difference between the means of Hb, PCV, TLC, Monocytes, Lymphocytes, Eosinophils, while there is no significant difference between the means of Ileterophils.
Finally for weight gain 10 healthy and 10 infected pigeons were randomly selected from already tested and confirmed -ye and +ve pigeons and weight them very carefully and recorded. Both types of birds were kept under observation and after 4 days again weighed them. Which showed that apparently the infected pigeons had lesser weight than healthy ones. There is also a significant difference between their means.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0587,T] (1).
5.
Use Of Prostaglandin (Pgf2 Alpha) To Induce Oestrus In Postpartum Non Cyclic Sahiwal Cows
by Amjad, M | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aleem Bhatti | Dr.Imtiaz Hussain | Dr.Kamran | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: The incidence of ovarian cysts in dairy cows in variously reported as ranging from 10-12 percent. Various factors are reported to influence the incidence of ovarian cysts. Factors that have been suggested are age, level of. milk production, nutrition, heredity, length of postpartum interval, frequency of examination of the reproductive tract and stress around the time of parturition. Ovarian cysts are a significant cause of reproductive failure because of prolongation of the interval from parturition to the first oestrus. Twenty four postpartum anoestrus Sahiwal cows at 85 days postpartum were selected and randomly divided into the groups viz group A and B. Group A (n=12) cows were injected 2m1 (5mg) prostaglandin F2 alpha (Prostavet, Virbac, France) intramuscularly (i/rn) at day 85 postpartum without palpation. A second injection of prostaglandin F2 alpha was given 11 days apart to those cows who had not responded to first injection. Rectal palpation was performed at 105 days postpartum to confirm the presence of corpus luteum on the ovary. A third injection was given at 118 days postpartum to those cows that had not responded to 1st and 2nd injection of PGF2c. The cows in group B were not given any treatment and served as control. The cows were artificially inseminated on the basis of standing heat 12 hours after the detection of heat. Oestrus detection was made by teasing, behavioural symptoms, physical changes and rectal palpation. In group A and B the oestrus response was 66.66% and 25% respectively. This response was greater in cows of group A than group B. There was difference in behavioural symptoms and physical changes among the groups. In group A the behavioural symptoms and physical changes were slightly more pronounced as compared to group B. Interval to onset of oestrus in group A was 96±15.08 hours whereas it was 25.0±1.0 days in group B. The length of oestrus in group A was 23.25±1.99 hours whereas it was 20.33± 1.45 hours in group B. The difference in the length of oestrus among the two groups was statistically non-significant (P> 0.05).
Group A animals exhibited oestrus during 89±0.62 days of postpartum. In group B animal exhibited oestrus at 110±0.19 days of postpartum and the difference was ignificant (P < 0.05). From the present study it is concluded that PGF2 treatment at 85 days postpartum leutolysed the luteal cyst and brings the cows in oestrus.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0607,T] (1).
6.
Determination Of Protective Level Of Specific Antibodies Against Pasteurella Multocida In Vaccinated Cattle
by Shahid Nasir | Dr.Muhammad Aamin Sheikh | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Sameera Akhtar | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: The study was conducted on cattle to determine the protective level of specific antibodies against Pasteurella multocida. In this experiment a total of 50 animals were used, maintained at Livestock Production Research Institute (LPRI), Bahadarnagar, 0 kara. Fifty animals were vaccinated with alum precipitated formalized broth culture bacterin vaccine procured from Veterinary Research Institute (VRI), Lahore with a dose rate of 5 ml subcutaneously per animal.
rrhirty of fifty animals randomly were bled for collection of their serum sample on day 0 i.e. before vaccination and thereafter every two weeks post-vaccination till 16 weeks of vaccination are covered. The serum were processed for knowing the specific antibodies against Pasteurella multocida at various stages post- vaccination by IHA test.
The protective level of the specific antibodies against a challenge inoculum of virulent strain of P. multocida Robert's type-I was determined by passive mouse protection (PMP) test. The sera representing each titre of specific antibodies against P.multocida were used for passive immunization of 30 mice prior to their challenge.
GMT value on day 0 i.e. before vaccination was 22.6. The maximum 104 GMT registered on 42' day post-vaccination. Thereafter a decline in titre commenced and titres recorded for 8th 10th, 12th 14th and 16th week post-vaccination included 97, 64, 32,
21.1 and 14.9, respectively.
The sera with indirect haemagglutination (IHA) titre of 1:16 and above protected 100% of the challenged mice and with IHA titre 1:8, 80% protection and sera with IHA titre of 1:4 and below could not survive and 100% mortality was observed and all control mice died in response to challenge.
The maximum individual titre developed was found to be 1:256 and minimum individual titre was found to be 1:4 . The result of this study indicated a great relationship in IHA and PMP tests.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0631,T] (1).
7.
Anthelmintic Efficacy Of Moxidectin, Ivermectin And Levamisole Against Toxocara Vitulorum In Buffalo Calves
by Rahmatullah | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Dr.Kamran | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: hits study was conducted to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of newly introduced drug moxideclin against Toxocara vitulorun, in buffalo calves under held conditions and to compare its efficacy and treatment cost with other anthelmintics (ivermectin atid levamisole) being used.
In this project total of 80 buffalo calves Positive for Toxocara i'itulorum. based on faecal examination, were selected from (he field, and divided randomly into four equal groups i.e. A, 13, C and 1) containing 20 animals in each. Calves of group 'A' were treated with moxidectin, group 'B' were treated with ivermectin. group 'C' were treated with levamisole and group '1)' were kept as untreated control.
Faecal samples were collected from each calf at clay zero (premedication), day 7th, day I 5th, and day 21st postmedicalion. Ffhicacy of each drug was calculated on the basis of reduction in eggs per gram of faeces.
Anthelmintic efficacy of moxidectin at (lie (lose level of 200ug / kg body weight was I 00%,efficacy of ivermectin at the close level of 200ug/kg body weight was 99.55%, and the efficacy of levamisole at the close level of 7.5mg/kg body weight was 99.035%, 21 st days post medication.
From this study it was concluded that moxiclectin and ivermectin has excellent effect against Toxocara i'lluloriun but they are much expensive while levamisole has also excellent efficacy against T vituloruni and (his drug is more economical for the farmers.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0658,T] (1).
8.
Management Of Vaccinal (Nobilis Gumboro D-78) Stress In Broiler Chicks
by Amir Qadeer Nizami | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: This project was planned to know the effects of vaccinal stress by infectious bursal disease (IBD) live virus vaccine (D-78) strain and to determine the methods by certain compounds to overcome the stress. Three hundred and thirty (330) day-old birds were reared upto 42 days. Ten birds out of 330 were slaughtered at zero day of the experiment, for estimation of maternal antibody titre. The remaining 320 birds were randomly divided into four equal groups i.e., A, B, C and D. Group A was kept as control. Group B was vaccinated but non-medicated, Group C was vaccinated and treated with vitamins for three post-vaccination days and group D was vaccinated and treated with aspirin for three post-vaccination days. Blood samples were collected on days 14th, 28th and 42nd for detection of antibody titer against IBD. Blood samples were collected from 10 randomly selected birds of each group after 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th day postvaccination. In this project following parameters were studied (i) estimation of serum biochemical substances, (ii) heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio, (iii) estimation of antibody response against IBD vaccine (iv) adrenal gland body weight index, (v) pathological studies
of adrenal glands and (vi) economics of the flock.
It was analyzed whether this management was an economical procedure or not by estimating the expenses, on raising the management of these stressed birds with aspirin and vitamin. It was estimated that aspirin and vitamin both check the stress to a certain extent. The birds expressed vaccination stress for variable period ranging from 1-2 days post-vaccination. In field conditions whether the flock is small or large aspirin and vitamins can be therapeutically given to control the stress and these two agents are not expensive, so they do not have any marked effect on economics of any flock.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0663,T] (1).
9.
Prevalence Of Ectoparasites And Chemotherapy Of Lices In Cattle And Buffaloes
by Manzoor Hussain | Dr.Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr.Iftikhar Gul Ahmad | Dr.Kamran | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2002Dissertation note: Ectoparasites are serious problem of domestic cattle in Malakand Agency, N.W.F.P. The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence of ectoparasites on cattle and buffaloes and the effect of ectoparasites on various blood parameters were also studied, like TlC, llaemoglobin (Hb) estimation and differential leukocytic count and also to find out the comparative efficacy of (Endectin; ICI Pakistan) and Ivermectin (Ivoject; China) against ectoparasites in cattle and but laloes. The study was conducted from May to August, 2001.
Out of 392, 21 positive cattle and buffaloes were divided into three equal groups (A, B and C) comprising 7 animals each. However, group D was kept as control group i.e. free from ectoparasites.
Seven animals of group-A (4 buffaloes and 3 cattle) were injected lvermcctiii (lndectin, 1CI Pakistan) @ 1 mg/50 kg body weight once and the seven animals of group-B were treated with iverinecti ii (I voject; China) at the same dose rate. The results were recorded on day 10th post-medication for [he presence of lice. More than 92% lices (6 out of 7) were disappeared after the injection of Endectin; ICI Pakistan and only 72% (5 out of 7) of lices were recovered in these animals.
Group-C out of 7 animals (3 cattle and 4 buffaloes), all were positive for lices. These animals were not given any type of medication or injection. They were kept under observation after environmental exposure to check the immunity of the bodies, from day zero. At day 10 the animals were checked again and found remained positive for lices.
The animals of group-D were untreated control. They were examined on day zero and found free for lices. They were further examined on day 10, and found negative for lices.
From the results of present study it has been concluded that Endectin (Ivermectin) was the drug of choice for the treatment of ectoparnsitcs in cattle and buffaloes when it is given at the dose rate of 1 mg/5() kg body weight by subcutaneous injection.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0728,T] (1).
10.
Comparative Chemoterapy Of Three Coccidiostats On The Naturally Occurring Coccidiosis Inpeafowls At Lahore Zoo
by Rana Akif Saeed | Prof.DR.Khalid parvaiz | Dr.Kamran | Dr.M.Sarwar khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2003Dissertation note: The present study was undertaken to eval nate the comparative efficacy of Amproliuin (LC.M. 24% Amprollum; Snam Pharma), Madurarnicin (Madicox; Pak Vet) and Suiphaqulnoxaline (Coccidak; Nawan Laboratories) aga I flst COCCI dl osis In corn mon Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) at Lahore Zoo and Jalio Park. rIlhT.ee hundred and two faecal samples of the birds were examined at the Medicine Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, with direct smear method and also flotation techniques for the identification of coccidlal oocysts. Ninly six samples out of 302 were found positive for the coccidial infection.
Out of ninty six infected birds, forty were chosen randomly for medication and divided Into four groups A, II, C and D, each comprising of 10 birds (A treated with Amprolium, B = treated with Maduramicin, C = treated with Suiphaquinoxaline and group D was kept untreated control).
Faecal samples of experimental. bir(Is were examined for counting of oocysts per gram of faeces on day "0" (pre-medication) with McMaster technique (Kelly, 1974). Faecal egg counts were again carried out on days 3, 5, 10 and 14 of post-medication and percentage reduction of OPG was calculated. Amprolium showed 53.94%, 70.79%, 84.26% and 93.25% efficacy, while maduramicin with the efficacy of 44.73%, 64.48%, 80.78% and 89.47% and suiphaqulnoxailne showed 57.65%, 77.65%, 85.88% and 97.88% efficacles on days 3, 5, 10 and14, respectively, depending upon the faecal oocysts scores on the respective days.
Suiphaquinoxaline was found to be the most effective (97.88%) among the three coccidiostats and amprollum was the second most effective (93.25%). The maduramicin was the least effective (89.47%) coccidiostat in this study).
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0834,T] (1).
11.
Effect Of Vitamin-E Supplementation On Lead Toxicity In Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japinica)
by Yaseen Humayun | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Muhammad Younas Rana.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Quails are farmed in large number in Pakistan. Due to improper manage mental rearing system for quails in Pakistan the chances of lead toxicity is more in country through feed and fences and water. A total number of 420, day old chicks of Japanese quail were procured from the hatchery of Avian Research and Training Centre (ARTC), UVAS, Lahore. They were assigned seven dietary treatments. There were three replicates in each treatment group and each replicate was of twenty chicks. Control diet group A received only basal diet without any supplementation. Group B received basal diet + 50 mg/kg Pb. Group C received basal diet + 75 mg/kg Pb. Group D received basal diet +100 mg/kg Pb. Group E received basal diet+50 mg/kg Pb+40 mg/kg vit-E. Group F received basal diet+75 mg/kg Pb + 40mg/kg vit-E. Group G received basal diet+100 mg/kg Pb + 40mg/kg vit-E. The body weight of each the birds were carried out weekly and significant results were observed. Blood samples were collected on the 21st (3rd week), 28th (4th week), 35th (5th week) and 42nd (6th week) days of dietary treatment from two birds from each group to evaluate the liver, kidney functions and non significant results were observed. In liver mild degeneration of hepatocytes and increase in Kupffer cells while degeneration in the epithelium and mild fibrosis in interstitial tissue and cystic dilatations in the tubules and hyaline casts in the lumens of kidney tubules were major pathological lesions caused by lead and vitamin-E were observed.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1264,T] (1).
12.
A Study On The Evaluation Of Oxytetracycline Potentiation With Citric Acid, Calcium Sulphate & Terephthalic
by Adeel Sial, M | Dr.Iftikhar Gul Ahmad | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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not fiction
Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: Oxytetracycline (OTC) is administered frequently in veterinary field for the treatment of infectious diseases in large animals and small animals and in the birds. 11 is readily absorbed from the intestine by most mammals but intestinal absorption in poultry is restricted. This project was designed to get more beneficial effect of oxytetracycline in poultry by adding some potentiating substances like citric acid, terephthalic acid and calcium sulphate in the diet.
For this purpose 100 day old chicks were purchased from the local market. These were reared in the poultry house in the College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore. They were provided self prepared poultry ration and water ad-lihilum for three weeks. After three weeks these birds were randomly divided into five groups A, B, C, 0 and E comprising twenty birds each. Five (lilferent experimental rations were fed for one week to each group. Group. "A" was given the ration without oxytetracycIine and was kept as control. Group "B" was given the ration with 200mg oxytetracycline per kg of ration. Similarly Group "C" was given the ration with 200mg OTC and 200mg citric acid per kg of ration. Group "I.)" and "F" were fed on ration with 5.9gm terephthalic acid (0.59%) +200mg OTC per kg of ration and 8 gm calcium sulphate (8.0%) + 200mg OTC per kg of ration respectively. The blood samples were collected at 1st, 3rd and 7th day of treatment and serum concentration of oxytetracycline was measured by using the agar well diffusion method with Bacillus subtilis using as test organism. rllhe average values of concentration of OTC in serum of group, B were 0.807±0.56, 0.897±0.63 and 0.886±0.64 on 1st, 3rd and 7th day, which indicated increase from
3rd to 7th was not significant. In group "C" the average values of OTC concentration in serum were 1.366±0.66, 1.767±0.62 and 1.657±0.67 on 1st, 3rd and 7th day respectively, which indicated that citric acid had immediate potentiating affect when mixed with oxytetracycline. however, this effect remained constant during further days of treatment. Similarly the blood serum level of OTC in group I) and E was also increased by TPA and calcium sulphate used a potentiating agents. however, these agents are not SO effective primarily as citric acid in group C.
The result of the present study suggest that oxytetracycline concentration remains constant during all the days of treatment if it is supplemented alone in ration. however, in the presence of other drugs or salts used alongwith it as potentiating agents its concentration in the blood varies according to the nature of the drug or salt incorporated.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0636,T] (1).
13.
Effect Of Feeding Organic And Inorganic Selenium With And Without Combination Of Vitamin E On The Immune System Of Broiler Chickens
by Imran Hussain, M | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2003Dissertation note: The present project was designed to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic selenium with and without combination of vitamin E on the immune system of broiler chickens. For this purpose 130 (one day old) broiler chicks were taken and divided into three different groups i.e. A, B and C. Group A and B consisted of 60 chicks each while group C consisted of 10 chicks. Group A was further sub divided into six sub groups Al, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A6 which were fed on organic selenium at the dose rate of 0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.0 mg/kg and vitamin E at the dose rate of 0, 200, 0, 200, 0 and 200 lU/kg respectively. Group B was further sub divided into six sub groups Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5 and B6, which were fed on inorganic selenium at the dose rate of 0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.0 mg/kg and vitamin E at the dose rate of 0, 200, 0, 200, 0 and 200 lU/kg respectiyely. Group C received no selenium and vitamin E and served as control group.
Immunomodulatory effects of selenium and vitamin E were evaluated by measuring haemagglutination inhibition antibody titre against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). Pathological examination of lymphoid organs, lymphoid organs weight/body weight ratio, growth traits and economy were also studied. Highest immune response was observed in sub groups A6 and B6 as compared to control group that had the lowest immune response. There was no effect of organic and inorganic selenium with and without combination of vitamin E on the pathology of bursa of Fabricius, spleen and thymus as compared to control group. Lymphoid organs weight/body weight ratio was also highest in sub groups A6 and B6 while lowest in control group. Body weight gain was highest in sub groups A6 and B6 as compared to control group. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was also best in sub groups A6 and B6 as compared to control group.
To summarize, the immunomodulatory effects of supplementation of organic selenium with and without combination of vitamin E were better than supplementation of inorganic selenium with and without combination of vitamin E. Moreover, the effects of organic or inorganic selenium with combination of vitamin E were better than the supplementation of organic or inorganic selenium without combination of vitamin E. It can be concluded that feeding of organic/inorganic selenium with and without combination of vitamin E is not only beneficial for health status of birds but also economical and cost effective for the farmers.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0817,T] (1).
14.
Therapeutic Trials In Helminthic Diarrhoea Of Sheep And Goats
by Muhammad Ijaz | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Muhammad Avais | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2007Dissertation note: Sheep and goats, although representing an important source of animal protein in third world countries such as Pakistan, seem to have benefited little from veterinary care and production improvement. Although adapted to local climatic and nutritional conditions, economic production of small ruminants is hampered by infectious and parasitic diseases coupled with inadequate management.
A study of gastrointestinal helminthes of sheep and goats in Lahore has been conducted, covering a period of 3 month (September to November, 2007). During this study the infection rate of GIT helminthes that causing diarrhoea in sheep and goat was studied a total of 300 animals (n=l 50 sheep, n1 50 goats). The animals presented at the Outdoor Hospital, LXepartment of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (CMS) and various private and government hospitals were examined for the presence of helminthes. The faecal samples were collected and examined by Direct Smear Method and Salt Flotation technique for the presence of helrninth eggs, where as McMaster technique was used for EPG count to determine the drug efficacy. The result of present study revealed an overall infection rate of GIT Helminthes (66.34%) in sheep and goats. When compared the infection rate of GIT Helminthes in animals species it was found that the infection rate of GIT Helminthes is higher in sheep (70.67%) as compared to goats (62%). When compared the class wise infection rate of GIT Helminthes in sheep, an increased infection rate of Nematodes (54.67%) was observed followed by Trematodes (14.67%) and Cestodes (1.34%). Similar patten was observed in case of goats for Nematodes (48%), Trematodes (10%) and Cestodes (4%). Following species of helminthes were recovered and identified.
Haemonch us con tortus Strongylus papillosus, Trichiuris globulosa, Trichostrongylus spp. Ostertagia circumcinta.
Two species of Trematode and oae species of Cestode was recorded during the present study that was Fasciola hepatica, Cotylophoron cotylophorum and Mon iezia expansa, respectively. Among the Nematodes Haemonchus contortus was recorded to be the highest in sheep and goats with an incidence of (40%) and (28%), respectively followed by other Nernatodes of sheep, Strongylus papillosus (4%), Trichiuris globulosa (2.67%), Ostertagia circurncinta (2.67%), Trichostrongylus spp (1.34%), respectively. Trematodes and Cestodes recorded in sheep were Fasciola hepatica (14.67%), Cotylophoron cotylophoruin (4%) and Moniezia expansa (1.34%), respectively. The Nematodes species of goats were found as Haemonchus contortus (28%), Strongylus papillosus (6%), Trichiuris globulosa (4.67%), Trichostrongylus spp (1.34%). Ostertagia circuincinta (2.67%). Trernatodes species in goats was Fasciola hepatica (10%), Cotylophoron cotylophoron (6.67%) and Cestodes were Moniezia expansa (4%).
The efficacy of Ricobendazole (albendazole sulphoxide) was reported to be (67%), (90%) and (98%) at day 3, 7 and 14, respectively. The efficacy of Ricobendazole was higher than Albcndazole (47%), (88%) and (96%) at day 3, 7 and 14, respectively. Lowest efficacy of Garlic powder against helminth parasites was reported as (8%), (16%) and (2 1%) at day 3, 7 and 14, respectively. When compared day wise as well group wise efficacy of Albendazole, Ricobendazole and Garlic powder shows the significant difference (p<O.O5) was reported among the groups. Ricobendazole reduced the EPG significantly followed by Albendazole and Garlic powder compared with control positive group.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0982,T] (1).
