1.
Detection Of Stress Following Vaccination (Eimeria Vaccine) Against Coccidiosis In Broilers
by Asghar Ali | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Shakil Akhtar Khan | Haji Ahmad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: The present project was designed to detect the stress following vaccination (Eimeria Vaccine) against coccidiosis in broilers and its management by using multivitamins and aspirin. In this study a total of 160 day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups designated as A, B, C and D Group A was kept as non vaccinated, non treated control and group B was vaccinated against coccidiosis but no other treatment was given. While group C and D were vaccinated against coccidiosis and treated with multivitamins vitamins and aspirin respectively.
The parameters studied were heterophil/lymnphocyte ratio, total serum protein, serum glucose, serum cholesterol estimation, for three consecutive post vaccination days. At the end of experiment, on 42nd day, adrenal gland body weight ratio and histopatholor of adrenal gland was performed to assess any change.
In our experiment there was no statistical significant difference among different groups. 1-lowever, group C which was given multivitamins showed maximum weight gain and minimum stress, while the aspirin therapy to the group D did not show any difference with group A and B.
In the adrenal body weight ratio, there was also no significant difference among different groups. No gross and histopathological changes were seen in any group.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0662,T] (1).
2.
Management Of Vaccinal (Nobilis Gumboro D-78) Stress In Broiler Chicks
by Amir Qadeer Nizami | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: This project was planned to know the effects of vaccinal stress by infectious bursal disease (IBD) live virus vaccine (D-78) strain and to determine the methods by certain compounds to overcome the stress. Three hundred and thirty (330) day-old birds were reared upto 42 days. Ten birds out of 330 were slaughtered at zero day of the experiment, for estimation of maternal antibody titre. The remaining 320 birds were randomly divided into four equal groups i.e., A, B, C and D. Group A was kept as control. Group B was vaccinated but non-medicated, Group C was vaccinated and treated with vitamins for three post-vaccination days and group D was vaccinated and treated with aspirin for three post-vaccination days. Blood samples were collected on days 14th, 28th and 42nd for detection of antibody titer against IBD. Blood samples were collected from 10 randomly selected birds of each group after 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th day postvaccination. In this project following parameters were studied (i) estimation of serum biochemical substances, (ii) heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio, (iii) estimation of antibody response against IBD vaccine (iv) adrenal gland body weight index, (v) pathological studies
of adrenal glands and (vi) economics of the flock.
It was analyzed whether this management was an economical procedure or not by estimating the expenses, on raising the management of these stressed birds with aspirin and vitamin. It was estimated that aspirin and vitamin both check the stress to a certain extent. The birds expressed vaccination stress for variable period ranging from 1-2 days post-vaccination. In field conditions whether the flock is small or large aspirin and vitamins can be therapeutically given to control the stress and these two agents are not expensive, so they do not have any marked effect on economics of any flock.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0663,T] (1).
3.
Effects Of Stress Folowing Vaccination (Avinew) Against Newcastle Disease In Broilers
by Asaf Jamal Khan, Major M | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Irshad | Dr.Sohail Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: This experiment was designed to find out the degree of stress and immune status in response to vaccination (Avinew) against ND and also to know the effects of two therapeutic agents, i.e. multivitaminsand aspirin, on efficacy of the vaccine. One hundred and sixty day old broiler chicks were divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C and D, each group having 40 birds. Group A was kept as control, B was vaccinated but non-medicated, group C was given multivitamins alongwith vaccine for 3 post-vaccination days and group D was treated with aspirin for 3 post-vaccination days. Blood samples were collected on days 1st, 14th, 28th and 42nd for detection of antibody titer against NDV. Blood samples were collected from 10 randomly selected birds of each group after 24, 48 and 72 hours of vaccination for study of heterophil/lymphocyte ratio and estimation of serum biochemical substances (protein, glucose and cholesterol). On 42nd day of the experiment, adrenal glands of 10 randomly selected birds from each group were examined for adrenal/body weight ratio and gross/histopathological lesions. At the end of the experiment the economics of the flocks was also calculated. "AVINEW" (freezed dried live VG/GA vaccine) against Newcastle disease, activated the immune response of the chicks without any significant stress. It provided a reasonable and persistent antibody titer. Multivitamins supplementation showed immuno-potentiating effect and also positive trend in growth traits. The effect of aspirin on immune response and weight gain was variable.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0674,T] (1).
4.
Effects Of Supplementation Of Selenium And Zing Alone And In Combination On The Immune Response Of Broiler Chicks
by Ashfaq Ahmad | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2002Dissertation note: The present project was designed to investigate whether different levels of selenium and zinc alone and in combination in diet had any effect on the immune response of broiler chickens. For this purpose two hundred and twenty five day-old broiler chicks were taken and equally divided into three different trials i.e. A, B and C. Trial A was supplemented with selenium (Se) at four different rates 0.18, 0.5, 1.0 and 0.0 mg/kg in groups Al, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. Trial B was supplemented with zinc (Zn) at four different rates 40, 80, 120 an zero mg/kg in groups Bi, B2, B3 and B4, respectively. Trial C was supplemented with Se + Zn at rates of 0.18±40, 0.5±80, l.0±120 and 0.0±0 in groups Cl, C2, C3 and C4, respectively. Immunomodulatory effects o Se and Zn were evaluated by conducting hurnoral immune response against Newcastle disease vaccine (ND vaccine), delayed hypersensitivity reaction, weights of immune organs, growth traits and economy. Highest humoral immune response was observed in groups A3 (Se 1.0 mg/kg), B3 (Zn = 120 mg/kg), C3 (Se = 1.0 mg/kg + Zn = 120 mg/kg). rp1.e groups A4, B4 and 04 which were kept without Se and Zn supplementation had the lowest Immoral immune response. Delayed hypersensitivity index was highest in groups A3, B3 and C3, while lowest in control groups A4, B4 and C4. There was positive effect of Se and Zn on the histopathology of bursa of Fabricius, thyrnus and spleen. Body weight gains were also highest in A3, B3 and C3 and FCR was best in groups A3, B3 and C3. Weights of bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen were also highest in groups A3, B3 and C3, while lowest in the control groups A4, B4 and C4.
On the whole immunomodulatory effects of supplementation of Se and Zn ir combination were better than individual supplementation of Se and Zn.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0759,T] (1).
5.
A Study On Effect Of Different Antibiotics On The Immune System In Broiler Chickens
by Shahzad Ahmed | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2002Dissertation note: The project was designed to study the effect of entrofloxacin and oxytetracyclone on the immune system and blood parameters. A total number of 120 day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into three equal groups; A, B and C at therapeutic dosage, each groups contined 40 birds. Group A and B were kept as medicated with enrofloxacin and oxytetracycline respectively, while group C was non medicated. All groups were vaccinated against ND, IBD and HPSon day ( 7, 21), (14,24) and 15 respectively. Groups A and B were medicated at therapeutic dose at 5th to 15th day and 21st to 25th day respectively. The experimental period was 42nd day. On day 42 organ body weight indices, gross lesions on spleen, thymus, bursa of Fabricius and kidneys were observed. Determination of immune response against Newcastle disease, IBD and HPS diseases estimation of blood parameters, DLC, TLC and TEC were conducted on day 1st, 14th 28th and 42nd. Histopathology of spleen, thymus bursa of Fabricius and kidney were also studied.
The study indicated that geometric mean of antibody titre were low in group B (Medicated with oxytetracyline) than group C (medicated with enrofloxacin) and A (control) Gross and pathological lesions were not found in any visceral organ (spleen, thymus, bursal) of groups A, B and C. There were no significant difference in weight of spleen, bursa of Fabricius, thymus and kidney of all group. Total leucocyte count and total erythrocyte count were low in groups B, than A and C on day 14, recorded after 10 day medication. In differential leucocytic count, lymphocyte were increased in group B than group A and C, whilte heterophil were decreased in group B than A and C.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0761,T] (1).
6.
Effect Of Different Routes Of Vaccination Against Newcastle Disease On Lymphoid Organs Of Broilers
by Rabia Salam | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Khalid | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2002Dissertation note: This project was designed to compare two routes (intraocular and drinking water) of vaccination against Newcastle disease in terms of protection against velogenic field isolate of NDV by noting immune response and morphological changes in Harderian gland, Bursa of Fabricius and thymus of broilers. This project would also help to evaluate role of Harderian gland to generate local and humoral immunity in response to eye drop and drinking water vaccination against NDV.
For this purpose, a total of 160 day-old chicks were procured from local commercial hatchery. At day 7 birds were randomly divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C, D comprising 40 birds each. Group A and B were vaccinated through ocular and oral route respectively. While groups C and D were kept as control. At day 21, groups A and B were revaccinated through the same routes. At day 28, groups A, B and C were further sub-divided into two subgroups each i.e. Al and A2, Bi and B2, Cl and C2, respectively. Subgroups Al, Bl and Cl were challenged, ocularly while subgroups A2, B2 and C2 were challenged orally with velogenic field isolate of NDV.
Ocular vaccination resulted in higher level of circulating antibodies and increased number of plasma cells in Harderian gland. It can be inferred that ocular vaccination stimulated Harderian gland to produce strong lcal protective immunity both in ocular and oral mucosa.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0774,T] (1).
7.
Comparative Immunopathological And Immunosuppressive Effects Of Three Different Gumboro Vacine Strains
by Rana Muhammad Ayyub | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2002Dissertation note: This project was planned to know the comparative immunosuppressive effects of three different Gumboro live vaccine strains on ND vaccination and to choose the least immunosuppressive out of these three vaccine strains.
A total of 100 chicks were divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D), 25 birds in each group. All the birds of all the groups were vaccinated against Newcastle disease on 5th and 21st day of age. Specific IBD vaccine was given to specific groups at l4t1 day and 28th day of age. Group A was given intermediate plus strain vaccine (228 E strain), group B was given intermediate strain vaccine (Strain D78) and group C was given another intermediate strain vaccine (Bursine-2 strain), on both days of IBD vaccination, as per schedule. While group D was unvaccinated control.
Immune organs including bursa, thymus and spleen were examined for their gross and microscopic pathological changes, before and after IBD vaccination. For this purpose, these organs were collected at 13th j7th and 31st days of age. At j3th day, gross and histopathological examination showed no lesions in any case of any group (as so far no IBD vaccine was given ). At 17th and 31st days, gross and histopathological examination revealed more severe lesions in group A, moderate lesions in group B, mild lesions in group C and no lesion in immune organs of group D.
Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was performed, to study the comparative humoral immunosuppressive effects of these IBD vaccines on antibody titre against ND vaccination, on birds of each group. Statistical analysis showed that 228 E vaccine strain (group A) while, D78 vaccine strain (group B) was less immunosuppressive but, on the other hand Bursine-2 vaccine strain (group C) was least immunosuppressive. No humoral immunosuppression was observed in unvaccinated control group D.
This study suggests the use of Bursine2 strain of IBD vaccine, in a flock at risk of ND infection, as it has least immunosuppressive effect against ND vaccination. Therefore, still the need of the hour is to choose the most proper IBD vaccine strain, among all the available strains in the market, which can provide excellent protection against IBD infection as well as has least immunosuppressive effects on ND vaccination.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0775,T] (1).
8.
Diagnosis Of Surra In Equines By Indirection Fluorescent Anitobody
by Malik Ahsan Nadeem | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Kamran | Prof.Dr.Zafar Iqbal Ch | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 2007Dissertation note: Trypanosomiasis (‘surra) is the most widely distributed arthropod- born protozoan disease affecting the equines. This study was conduàted to check the efficacy of indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for the diagnosis of Surra. For this purpose 200 blood samples were collected from horses and donkeys from different areas of Gujranwala district. Thin blood smears were prepared on clean glass slides and blood samples were centrifuged to separate the serum. Serum was transferred into the vacutainers and transported to laboratory. The serum was separated by centrifugation and stored at -70°C. 200 thin blood smear slides were fixed with methanol and subjected to Giemsa stain for further microscopic examination. Then the 200 thin blood smear slides were fixed with acetone for further processing in indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The prevalence rate of 2% and 6% by using thin blood smear and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was obtained respectively. The results helped us to determine accuracy of indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for diagnosis of Surra.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0994,T] (1).
9.
Pathology Of Naturally Infected Broilers With Mycoplasma Gallisepticum And Its Diagnosis Through Pcr
by Aamir Islam | Dr.Asim Aslam | Prof.Dr.Mansur- | Prof.Dr.Zafar Iqbal Ch | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2009Dissertation note: Two hundred broiler birds (200) showing the clinical signs of respiratory signs from fifty (50) poultry farms located in and around Lahore District were analyzed for the detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The tissue samples (trachea and lungs) were subjected to PCR using for Mycoplasma gallisepticum 16S rRNA gene amplification with a set of primers (MG14-F and MG13-R). Out of 200 samples, 86 were found positive with MG. These positive samples were further analyzed for histopathological changes. Lungs showed hemorrhages, congestion and massive necrosis. Lymphocytic infiltration and oedema was also observed in lungs sections. Liver showed coagulative necrosis around the central vein, congestion and infiltration of lymphocytes. Similarly, heart section revealed necrosis and degeneration in cardiac muscles. Trachea revealed the epithelial and mucosal infiltration with lymphocytes. Hypertrophy of epithelial mucosa and catarrhal exudates recorded in trachea. Sloughing of the mucosa and sub mucosa of varying degree was noted in trachea. Few birds showed no obvious changes in the organs but were positive on PCR analysis.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1055,T] (1).
10.
Clinicopathological Changes Induced By Heat Stress, Their Resolution By Minerals And Vitamin C Supplementation In Quails
by Khurshid Anwar | Dr. Asim Aslam | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Younus Rana.
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Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: The present study was designed to overcome heat stress in Japanese quails through potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and vitamin C solution in calculated amount in water on thermo tolerance, histopathology and hematology of quails exposed to heat stress: This experimental trial was carried out at Avian Research and Training Centre (ARTC), UVAS Lahore and tests were performed at Department of Pathology UVAS, Lahore. There were three replicates in each treatment group and each replicate was of twenty quails, each group was comprised of 60 birds. The body weight of each the bird was. recorded on weekly basis. Blood samples were collected on the 21, 22, 23, 24, 29, 30 and 31 days of treatment from each group to evaluate the serum potassium and bicarbonate level in the blood. For hematological parameters the blood samples were collected on 22, 28 and 31 day of treatment and the vital organs for histopathology were collected after slaughtering 3 birds from each group. The hematological parameters were studied and the data was analyzed by two ways ANOVA. Group A quails revealed significantly higher weight gain than those of group B, but no significant difference was observed, when all groups were compared. Significantly less weight gain was revealed by the quails of group B, when compared to all other groups. Comparison between groups A, C, D, E, F and G was non significant. The highest FCR was exhibited by the birds of group A while the group B showed the poorest FCR. Better FCR was exhibited by group C, D, E, F and G. Serum samples were obtained from each group, for bicarbonate and potassium determination by spectrophotometric method. Group A, C, E, F and G exhibited a significantly higher serum potassium level than those of groups B and D. A significantly higher bicarbonate level was revealed in the serum of group A, D, E, F and G as compared to group B and C, on day 23 and onwards. But no significant difference was observed in serum of groups A, D, E, F and G. Blood hematology revealed no significant difference in red blood cells of groups A, C, D, E, F and G. Group B exhibited a significant lower values of red blood cells, packed cell volume, basophils, monocytes and showed a significant increase H/L ratio and eosinophils when compared to all other groups. Histopathological studied showed infiltration of heterophils, hyperemia, congestion of liver, heart and adrenal gland. It is concluded that, quails of group B (kept in high environmental temperature) revealed a decreased weight gain, poorest FCR, decreased serum potassium and bicarbonate level, decrease in hematocrit, monocytes and basophils and increased in eosinophils and H/L ratio. Supplementation of electrolytes and vitamin C (125 mg/L KC1, 75 mg/L NaHCO3 and vitamin C 62.5 mg/L) in water effect on heat stressed quails exhibited the better results in term of weight gain, serum electrolytes, blood profile and histology than those quails kept in heat stressed condition with no supplementation. From the present results it is concluded that 125 mg/L of KCI, 75 mg/L of NaHCO3 and 62.5 mg/L of vitamin C solution in water, alone or in combination may be used in quails to combat the effect of high ambient temperature and heat stress.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1226,T] (1).
11.
Immuo-Pathological Response Of Pigeons To Challenge Infection Of Newcastle Disease Virus (Ndv)
by Yasir Amin | Dr. Asim Aslam | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Younus Rana.
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Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: This study trial was designed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two locally available live Newcastle disease vaccines (Medivac ND LaSota and VRI, Mukteshwar ND vaccine), also to compare two routes (Oral and Ocular) of vaccine administration in term of antibody titre and assessment of protection against field (chicken) isolated virulent Newcastle virus challenge (NDV) in pigeons. Study of clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesion in different organ of non-vaccinated and challenged birds was also the part of our present study. For this purpose one hundred and twenty pigeons were purchased from the local market and screened for Newcastle disease antibodies using Hemagglutination inhibition test. Healthy pigeons were randomly divided into six groups i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F, comprising 20 birds each. Group E and F were kept as positive and negative Control respectively. Group A and C were vaccinated with Medivac ND LaSota vaccine at day 7th and 21st of experiment through oral and ocular route. Similarly Group B and D were immunized with VRI (Mukteshwar) ND vaccine through oral and ocular route respectively. At 28th day of experiment all the groups except group F were challenged with velogenic field isolate of NDV at a dose rate of 0.1 ml through ocular route. Serum samples were collected at day 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 of experiment for the determination of antibody titre. Post-infection clinical signs in control positive group were i.e. anorexia, dullness, depression, decreased feed intake, discharge from mouth, greenish diarrhea, nervous manifestations, leg and wing paralysis. Gross lesions on different organs were hemorrhages in trachea, proventriculus, spleenomegaly and greenish intestinal contents. Medivac ND LaSota vaccine produced higher immune response in term of antibody titre as compared to VRI (Mukteshwar) ND vaccine. It was also observed that ocular route irrespective to vaccine type produced significantly (P<0.05) higher immune response than oral route. Vaccine strains used in this study efficiently induced immune response through ocular route, suggesting that implementation of this vaccination programs in future may prevent ND outbreaks in pigeons, especially in racing pigeons, and may prevent NDV spread to other avian species, mainly poultry.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1228,T] (1).
12.
Haematologial And Immunological Effects Of Naturally Occurring Probiotic (Yogurt) And Garlic Supplementation On Broiler Chicks Vaccinated Against Newcastle Disease
by Muhammad Ishaq | Dr. Asim Aslam | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Younus Rana.
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drama
Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: The present project was undertaken to study the various hematological. immunological and gross/histopathological parameters in ND vaccinated chicks with different supplementation of yogurt and garlic. For this purpose one hundred twenty-six day old broiler chicks were divided into three experimental groups A, B and C. each having 42 chicks per group. The group B and C \\ere Further subdivided into 3 groups yl, y2, y3 and gi, g2. g3 respectively comprising of 14 chicks per group having different supplementation of yogurt and garlic respectively, while group A was kept as a control and fed basal diet having no supplementation. Our result showed that yogurt augmented serological response and help in increasing HI antibody titer in which 200 gm yogurt showed immense potential in increasing HI titer until last day of experiment. All levels of Garlic group augmented serological response in term of antibody titer hut remain statistically insigni flcant in increasing HI titer.The heterophil population and I I/L ratio was also improved in both yogurt and garlic groups however 40 grn garlic fed group showed a better response in increasing hctcrophil population. TLC remains insignificant both at treatment and levels throughout the experiment. Body weight gain and FCR was also improved with yogurt and garlic supplementation however 200 gm yogurt showed a curvilinear response over the range of yogurt bd levels. Yogurt and garlic supplementation also showed improvement in the development of immune organ such as spleen, thymus and liver, their I listological examination revealed that an increase in supplementation of yogurt and garlic have no lethal effect upon morphological structure of these organs. In conclusion, yogurt as a probiotic and garlic as a growth promoter agent displayed a greater efficacy in increasing HI titer, heterophils population and improving productive performqnce of broilers in which 200 gm yougurt/kg diet group and 40gm garlic/kg diet showed an immense potential in improving above traits, so their use in broiler diet should be considered instead of using costly commercial probiotics and antibiotics.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1229,T] (1).
13.
Effect Of Vitamin-E Supplementation On Lead Toxicity In Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japinica)
by Yaseen Humayun | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Kamran | Dr.Muhammad Younas Rana.
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Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Quails are farmed in large number in Pakistan. Due to improper manage mental rearing system for quails in Pakistan the chances of lead toxicity is more in country through feed and fences and water. A total number of 420, day old chicks of Japanese quail were procured from the hatchery of Avian Research and Training Centre (ARTC), UVAS, Lahore. They were assigned seven dietary treatments. There were three replicates in each treatment group and each replicate was of twenty chicks. Control diet group A received only basal diet without any supplementation. Group B received basal diet + 50 mg/kg Pb. Group C received basal diet + 75 mg/kg Pb. Group D received basal diet +100 mg/kg Pb. Group E received basal diet+50 mg/kg Pb+40 mg/kg vit-E. Group F received basal diet+75 mg/kg Pb + 40mg/kg vit-E. Group G received basal diet+100 mg/kg Pb + 40mg/kg vit-E. The body weight of each the birds were carried out weekly and significant results were observed. Blood samples were collected on the 21st (3rd week), 28th (4th week), 35th (5th week) and 42nd (6th week) days of dietary treatment from two birds from each group to evaluate the liver, kidney functions and non significant results were observed. In liver mild degeneration of hepatocytes and increase in Kupffer cells while degeneration in the epithelium and mild fibrosis in interstitial tissue and cystic dilatations in the tubules and hyaline casts in the lumens of kidney tubules were major pathological lesions caused by lead and vitamin-E were observed.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1264,T] (1).
14.
Remodeling Of Histopathological Changes And Immunostimulatory Effect Of Probiotic Vitamin E-Selenium And Aniseed Supplementation in IBD Vaccinated Broiler Birds
by Aima Idrees | Dr.Asim Aslam | Prof.Dr.Azhar | Prof.Dr.M.Younus Rana.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Literary form:
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Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1275,T] (1).
15.
Clinico- Pathological Studies Of Ascites In Broiler Chickens
by Hafiz Muhammad Anwar- ul- Haq | Dr. Asim Aslam | Prof. Dr | Prof. Dr. M. Younus Rana.
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Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: This study was carried out on total of 310 samples. Out of these samples, 200 were the blood samples (100 from the diseased birds and 100 from the apparently healthy birds), second were the tissue samples of liver which were 80 in number (50 from the ascitic birds and 30 from the apparently healthy birds). Then 20 were the water samples (10 from the source of water production and remaining 10 were from the drinking levels of the birds) and 10 feed samples. Samples were collected from randomly selected ten (10) broiler poultry farms in the district Gujranwala having the problem of ascites. The study was completed in four parts. In first part, serum biochemical parameters of liver were studied. The included parameters were total serum proteins, albumins, globulins, A/G ratio and SGPT. In second part of project, mineral profiles of serum concentrations were studied. Then in third part of the study, the collected, feed and water samples were analyzed for their dietary mineral levels. Sodium, potassium and chloride were the minerals, selected for study. Studies of the mineral profiles of feed and water samples were conducted at the Department of Nutrition, U.V.A.S. Lahore. Then the correlation was studied between the dietary mineral levels present in the feed and water, to the mineral levels exhibiting in the serum samples. On the basis of mineral levels present in the feed, water and serum samples, it was concluded that the Na and chloride may contribute to the development of ascities as the results were significant (P>0.05) but the role of K in this regard was not seemed to be significant (P<0.05) thus it may not has any significant contribution in the development of ascites syndrome. In fourth and last part of study, histopathology of the tissue samples was conducted. In this part of study, the tissue samples, collected from liver of ascitic birds and apparently healthy birds were subjected to histopathology and microscopic examination for significant changes. Histopathological studies showed that the hepatic degeneration, hepatic necrosis and fibrosis of the hepatic capsule were the common findings in the diseased group. The study elucidated the marked decrease of serum proteins including the total serum proteins and albumin while it was observed that the ascites syndrome has no significant effect on the enzyme assays of the liver.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1326,T] (1).
16.
Pathology And Serum Biochemistry Of Layers Affected With Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome
by Ahmad Jawad Sabir | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Yasin Tipu.
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drama
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Fatty liver syndrome is a non-infectious disease of chickens, primarily cage layers, characterized by enlarged, fat-infiltrated livers, with or without subcapsular hemorrhages and excessive abdominal fat deposits. Excessive caloric intake is thought to be one causative factor, and the disease occurs frequently after molting when caloric intake is high. Cage layers move less, using less energy which may contribute to the problem. The present project was designedto study the serum biochemical and pathological changes in the laying hens affected with fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome and possible dietary sources responsible for this syndrome.
For this purpose healthy and diseased birds from commercial poultry farms having problem of FLHS in their flocks were selected. Three types of samples i.e. blood, tissue and feed samples were collected. Serum samples were processed to quantify concentration of different plasma enzymes including ALT, AST, triglycerides, serum cholesterol, glucose and LDH levels by using standard protocols. Values obtained from both healthy and diseased birds were compared. While liver samples were collected from both diseased and healthy birdsfor study of gross and microscopic changes in their structure. Proximate analysis of feed samples which were collected from each farm having this problem was conducted to check the level of fats and carbohydrates. Data was statistically analyzed by applying student t-test.
The average concentration of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT),serum glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase, triglycerides, serum cholesterol, glucose and lactate dehydrogenase were 10.78±2.01 (IU/L), 195.5±28.93 (IU/L), 69.2±5.14 (mg/dl), 217.52±23.63 (mg/dl), 205.14±19.6 (mg/dl) and 2466.06±336.2 (IU/L) respectively in diseased birds. The corresponding values in the healthy birds were 4.12±1.7 (IU/L), 81.16±6.83 (IU/L), 59.44±4.92 (mg/dl), 131.94±8.93 (mg/dl), 188.38±13 (mg/dl) and 1706.64±244.37 (IU/L) respectively. The activities of SGPT, SGOT, serum cholesterol and LDH were significantly higher in diseased than in healthy birds (p<0.05). Some birds in diseased group showed 2-3 times greater concentration of plasma enzymes as compared to healthy birds. For the definitive diagnosis of this problem histopathological studies were conducted on liver samples. Liver from healthy birds showed no changes while diseased birds showed both gross and microscopic changes. Feed samples were collected from respective farms and proximate analysis was conducted. Average fat and carbohydrate content recorded for feed samples was 6.44±1.43% and 57.75±3.79% respectively. While feed analysis of control poultry diets showed a significant difference having fat 03.21±0.89% and NFE was55.77±1.67%.
It was concluded from this study that selected parameters of serum biochemistry including SGPT, SGOT, serum cholesterol, triglycerides and lactate dehydrogenase could be useful in the diagnosis of FLHS. There is significant increase in concentration of these enzymes in blood of affected birds specially laying hens. Macroscopic and microscopic changes can also be observed but it will lead to delayed diagnosis of this syndrome. Furthermore balanced feed will be helpful in prevention of this problem while farmers and poultry practitioners can seek help through proximate analysis of feed samples that can help in prevention of this metabolic problem.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1609,T] (1).
17.
Clinicopathological Study Of Theileriosis In Naturally Infected Sheep
by Muhammad Waseem Akhter | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Muti ur Rehman Khan | Prof. Dr. Habib.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Theleiriosis in sheep is an important infectious disease of small ruminants characterized by General weakness, weight loss, anorexia, elevated body temperature, petechial hemorrhages on conjunctival mucosa, swollen lymph nodes, anemia and cough. Changes in hematological, serum biochemical and histopathological parameters are good indicators for diagnosis of theileriosis. For this purpose a total of 100 blood samples from infected sheep as well as 50 blood samples from healthy sheep were collected on the basis of clinical examination and peripheral blood smears from different farms in and around Lahore. The collected samples were processed at Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore. Hematological parameters were measured by automatic hematology analyzer & serum biochemical parameters were measured by using commercial kits by colorimetric methods using spectrophotometer. Histopathological changes were observed by making slides of tissue samples, and observed under microscope. Molecular confirmation of Theleria sp. was done by using Polymerase Chain Reaction. Finally the data obtained for hematological and serum biochemical parameters were analyzed by using Student's t test.
Previous studies on serum biochemical parameters and hematological parameters were mostly done in large ruminants. But there is little investigation available on the biochemical and hematological alterations of theileriosis in small ruminants. In this study blood samples taken from sheep were examined under microscope by making thin blood smears using Giemsa stain. Theileria piroplasms were seen in RBCs at 100x. Blood samples were also processed for PCR test. In all Theileria ovis positive samples 520-bp fragment was generated on gel by using primers TSsr 170F and TSsr 670R for sheep. All samples positive on microscopy were also positive by PCR. This study provides the base line data for molecular diagnosis of Theileria ovis in sheep in Pakistan. Hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated in the sheep naturally infected with theileriosis while healthy sheep were selected as control. Hematological findings revealed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in RBC count, WBC count, Hb Conc. and PCV in infected animals as compared with healthy animals. Serum biochemical findings also revealed alterations in activities of enzymes and plasma proteins. A significant decrease in total proteins, albumin, glucose and creatinin and triglycerides was observed while significant increase (P<0.05) in ALT, AST, bilirubin was observed in affected animals as compared with healthy animals. A non significant increase in urea and cholesterol concentration was also observed in infected animals as compared to healthy animals. Different tissues were examined to study gross and histopathological changes. Liver was large, pale and friable. Prescapular lymph nodes were swollen and spleenomegaly was also seen. Kidney showed hemorrhagic spots and some were mottled. Histological examination of the lymph nodes revealed edema, widened intercellular spaces, parenchyma degeneration, massive lympholysis, widened sinuses at some areas and macrophages. Splenic nodules were sparse, diminished in size and lymphocyte depletion in follicles was prominent.In liver, mild infiltration of leukocytes around blood vessels, vacuolation in hepatocytes, increase in sinusoidal space and atrophy of hepatic cord was seen and hepatic cord was broken. In kidney, degeneration of tubular epithelium cells was seen. This study concluded that theileriosis in sheep was associated with some alterations in blood parameters and histopathological changes which could be useful in the diagnosis of ovine theileriosis.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1642,T] (1).
18.
Immunohistochemical Detection Of Infectious Bronchitis Virus In Different Organs Of Experimentally Infected
by Mudassar Iqbal | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Ishtiaq ahmed | Prof. Dr. Tahir.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1671,T] (1).
19.
Histopathological & Immunohistochemical Studies In Experimentally Infected Commercial
by Raoof Aslam | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Jawad Nazir | Dr. Yasin Tipu.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1704,T] (1).
20.
Cytotoxic Efects Of Saw-Scaled Viper Snake Venom On Brain, Heart, Liver And Hematological Parameters Of Albino
by Amara Mushtaq | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Muti-ur-Rehman Khan.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1783,T] (1).
21.
Standardization Of Multiplex Rt-Pcr For The Diagnosis Of Avian Influenza (H9) Virus Newcastle Disease Virus (Ndv)
by Asad Shahzad | Dr.Asim Aslam | DR. Jawad Nazir | DR.Raheela Akhtar.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1917,T] (1).
22.
Studies On Stress Induced Effects In Broilers Following Vaccination (Nobilis Ma5 + Clone 30) Against Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease
by Saima Irum Syed | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Sameera | Dr.Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: This study was intended to detect the stress induced by live, freezed-dried vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis disease viruses in broilers and to determine the comparative efficacy of vitamins and aspirin to combat it. One hundred and sixty day-old chicks were divided into four group i.e. A, B, C and D having 40 birds each. The birds were kept for 42 days after vaccination with Nobilis Ma5+Clone 30 by eye-droppings on 1st and 22nd day of age. Chicks from group A was kept as control. Group B was given vaccine and no treatment. Group C was given vaccine and only vitamins (Vety Stress-Check). Group D was given vaccine and only aspirin. Ten birds from all groups were randomly selected to collect the serum samples from blood on 1st, 14th, 28th and 42nd day of antibody titre determination.
The following parameters were studied (1) antibody response against Newcastle disease vaccine, (ii) Serum bio-chemical substances (Total serum protein, glucose and cholesterol), (iii) Heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio, (iv) Adrenal/body weight ratio (v) Gross histopathology of adrenal glands and (vi) the economics of the flock.
The live virus Newcastle disease vaccine had no significant stressor effect on any of the above parameters. However, use of vitamins played vital role in combating the vaccination stress, because it showed immuno competent effect and also positive trend in growth traits. That is why this group showed better economic value than the rest of the groups. The effect of Aspirin was also variable.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0653,T] (1).
