1.
Elementary Statistics
by Iqbal Ahmad Bhatti.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Bhatti Publishers; 2001Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 519.5 Iqbal 14709 1st 1990 Statistics] (2).
2.
Lahore by Chaudhry Nazir Ahmed
by Chaudhry, Nazir Ahmad.
Material type: Publisher: Pakistan : Sang-e-Meel Publications, 1998Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.9143 Nazir 21043 1st 1998 History] (1).
3.
The Partition of The Punjab 1947 : Vol.3
by Sadullah, Mian Muhammad | Mujahid, Sharif Al | Ahmad, Ashfaq.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications; 1993Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.914 Ashfaq 21159 Vol.1 1947 Punjab] (2).
4.
The Partition of The Punjab 1947 : Vol.2
by Sadullah, Mian Muhammad | Mujahid, Sharif Al | Ahmad, Ashfaq.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications; 1993Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.914 Ashfaq 21160 Vol.II 1993 Punjab] (1).
5.
Lahore 1947
by Salim, Ahmad.
Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications; 2003Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.9143 Salim 27165 1st 2003 History] (2).
6.
Lahore fort : A Witness to History
by Chaudhry Nazir Ahmad.
Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications; 1999Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.9143 Nazir 27168 1st History] (2).
7.
Studies On The Performance, Chemical Composition And Quality Of The Carcass In Relation To Sex And Age Of Different Broiler Strains
by Nadeem Ahmad | Muhammed Saleem Chaudry | Ehtisham | Mian Nisar Ahmed.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1989Dissertation note: Poultry industry I Pakistan, has been commercialized shoeing an annual increase of 15 percent for the last ten years (Pak. Economic Analysis Network Project 1988). The poultry farming is the quickest, efficient economical and comparatively cheapest source of good quality protein. Although a considerable work has been done on various aspect of their rearing in our local environmental and managemental conditions, yet some areas remained unexplored. One of these areas was the study on comparative productive performance, qualitites and chemical composition of carcass of various commercial broiler strains, in relation to sex and age.
In the present study, four different strains and sexes of Ross, Lohmann, Indian River and Hubbard were evaluated and compared for productive performance and carcass characteristics at different age periods. A total of 240 one day old, Sex separated chicks with equal number (60) of each strain were reared for a period of 8 weeks, under indentical managemental conditions. Among male birds Hubbard gained highly significantly (P<0.01) more weight than that of other strains, while non-significant difference (P<0.05) was found between Ross and Lohamann and showed significantly better weight gain than the Indian river strain. Females birds of Hubbard strain had also gained significantly (P<0.05) more weight than that of other strains, while non significant difference was found among the females of rest of the three strains. The results on weekly feed convertion ratio were found to be non significant (P<0.05) due to strain and significant due to age of the birds . While among sexes it was found that male birds of each strain showed better F.C.R compared with that of female chicken.
The dressing percentage increased significantly with age, male birds of the strain showed better dressing percentage compared with the female birds of the respective strains though statistically the diference was found to be non-significant (P<0.05).The birds of Hubbard strain showed significantly better dressing percentage than that of the other strains. A significant difference was also observed between Lohmann and Indian River strain while the difference between Ross and Indian River was statistically non-significant as was the difference between Ross and Lohmann strain (P<0.05). The values for weight of Giblet of Ross, Lohmann and Indian River Strain were non-significantly different (P<0.05) from each other but were significantly poor than that of Hubbard strain. A non-significant difference in shank length was observed among various strains (P<0.05). Non-significant difference in length of kell bone was found among birds of Ross, Lohmann and Indian River Strain while birds of both sexes of Hubbard strain had significantly (P<0.05) greater length of kell boe. Moreover it was observed that female birds of all the strain had greater length of keal bone compared with male birds of their respective strains. Female birds of all the strain had significantly greater bone, meat ratio compared with the male birds of their respective strains. Birds of Ross. Lohmann and Indian River Strain Had significantly lesser meat bone ratio than that of Hubbard strain (P,0.05). Difference in meat bone ratio between Lohmann and Ross strain was found to be statistically significant, but non-significant between Lohmann and Indian River strains (P<0.05).
The effect of strain, age and sex on the composition of carcass revealed that moisture percentage was not significantly affected by strain and sex. However it decreased with increase in age. Crude protein contents generally increased with age in both sexes of all the four strains. Protein percentage was found to be similar between both the sexes of all strains. Fat contents increased with age In all the four strains. Female broilers of all strain had significantly greater fat contents than the male broilers (P<0.05). Between the male and female broilers Hubbard strain had significantly more fat percentage, followed by Indian River, Ross and Lohmann. There was no effect on the ash contants of carcase due to sex and strain, though it decreased with increase in age.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0015,T] (1).
8.
Study On The Effect Of Artificial Insemination On Fertiligy And Hatchability Of Eggs In Poultry
by Nisar Ahmad | Mubbasher Ahmed Shah | Ehtisham Pervaiz | Sagir Ahmed.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1983Dissertation note: The main objective of this research was to examine the possibility of using skimmed milk and whole milk as diluents of fowl semen under the local environment. The research was carried out on 56 weeks old hens at the poultry Research Institute, Rawalpindi. The birds were trap nested in individual cages and cages were arranged in three tiers. The birds were exposed to 16L: 8D. Feed and water were available at all times. Study was executed in two phases.
In the first series of trials, skimmed milk was used in five different dilutions comprising 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 and 1:25 undiluted semen (Treatment A) served as control group. The experiment was repeated four times to remove any experimental error and to minimize variability between the trials. The hatchability of eggs was maximum in the control group, and it was observed to be statistically significant (P<0.01) than all other competitive treatments. The skimmed milk dilutions gave poor hatchability although hatchability increased with the reduction in the dilution ratio.
The second phase of trials consisted of two trials and each trial had three treatments, i.e. undiluted semen (A), skimmed milk dilution 1:2 (B) and whole milk dilution 1:2 (C), treatment B was included in the trials to make the skimmed milk studies comprehensive and to compare it with the whole milk as diluents of chicken semen. The hatchability of eggs in treatment A and C was substantially higher than the skimmed milk group (Treatment B).
The number of infertile eggs in the skimmed milk group was very high and it was significantly (P<0.01) more than all other treatments. This higher infertility could e ascribed to old age of the birds and high temperature (above 40oC) of summer season. This might, therefore, be concluded that the whole milk proved satisfactory diluents of fowl semen while pure skimmed milk gave poor hatchability.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0018,T] (1).
9.
Studiesw On The Senility Pattern In Relation To Reproductive Efficienty In Male Nili-Ravi Buffalo
by Farman Ahmad | Imtiaz Hussain Khan | Muhammed | Rashid Ahmed Chaudry | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1989Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0039,T] (1).
10.
Fattening Of Lambs With Different Vegetable Protein Sources
by Mohsin Raza Malik | Dr . Muhammad Yapoob Malik | Dr . Nisar Ahmad | Dr . Rashid.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1987Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0055,T] (1).
11.
Incidence And Identifications Of Different Species Of Eimeria In Sheep And Goats In And Around Lahore City
by Ilyas Ahmad Khan | Altaf Hussain | Mubashar Saeed | Tufail | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1982Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0057,T] (1).
12.
Effect Of Alkali (Lime And Sodium Hydroxide) Treatment On The Nutritive Value Of Wheat Straw In Sahiwal Calves
by Ashfaq Ahmad | Muhammed Yaqoob Malik | Ehtisham Pervaiz | NIsar Ahmed.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1984Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0059,T] (1).
13.
Evaluation Of Dual Staining Procedure To Detect The Viability And True Acrosome Reaction Of Buffalo Bull Spermatozoa
by Munir Ahmad | Rashid Ahmed Chaudry | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Tayyab Rahil | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0091,T] (1).
14.
Some Clinical Manifestations And Anthelmintic Efficacy Of Santonin Levamisole And Piperazine Against Poultry
by Sajjad Ahmad | Iqbal Ahmed | Haji Ahmed Hashmi | Mubasher | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1984Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0093,T] (1).
15.
Repair Of The Ruptured Cranial Cruciate Ligament In The Dog Using Fascia Lata And Patellar Tendon Strip
by Ahmad Raza Khan | Mazhar Iqbal | Asif Rabbani | Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1986Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0104,T] (1).
16.
Comparative Efficacy Of The Fenestrated And Unfenestrated Horizontal Pedicle Skin Graft In Early And Late Closure Of Wound On Lower Equine Limbs
by Tauqeer Ahmad, S | Muhammed Younas | Asif Rabbani | Mazhar Iqbal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1988Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0105,T] (1).
17.
Proteolytic Enzyme As An Adjuvent To Antibiotic Treatment Of Surgical Wounds In Dogs
by Mukhtar Ahmad Ch | Zafar -Ud -Din Khan | Muhammed | Muhammed Tufail Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1978Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0112,T] (1).
18.
The Effect Of Subclinical Mastitis On The Solids-Not-Fat Content Of Milk
by Iftikhar Gul Ahmad | Iqbal Ahmed | Ata Ur Rehman Rizvi | Mubasher | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1982Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0119,T] (1).
19.
Anthelmintic Efficacy Of Trodax, Zanil And Distodin Against Fascioliasis In Sheep
by Ijaz Ahmad | Iqbal Ahmed | Ata-Ur-Rizvi | Sh. Altaf Hussain | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1982Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0128,T] (1).
20.
Study On Hydatidosis And Chemical Characterization Of Cyst Fluid In Camels Slaughtered At Lahore Abattoir
by Tajammal Hussain | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Iqbal Ahmad | Dr. Mubbasher Saeed Mian | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1988Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0137,T] (1).
21.
Incidence And Pathogenicity Of Contagious Pustular Dermatitis In Sheep
by Manzoor Ahmad Basra | Muhammed Tufail Khan | Altaf Hussain | Muhammed Yousaf Vaid | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1978Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0142,T] (1).
22.
Comparative Efficacy Of Casoni Skin Test, Indirect Haemagglutination And Double Diffusion Tests For The Detection Of Hydatidosis In Goats
by Azam Mahmood | Prof. Dr. Tufail Muhammad Khan | Dr. Manzoor Ahmad Basraa | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0149,T] (1).
23.
Haematological And Pathological Study Of Natural Onchocerciasis In Different Age Groups Of Buffaloes
by Khalil Ahmad | Tufail Muhammed Khan | Ata-Ur-Rizvi | Javaid Rashid | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0150,T] (1).
24.
Comparative Efficacy Of Rose Bengal Plate Test (Rbpt) And Srum Agglutination Text (Sat)
by Shabbir Ahmad | Muhammed Ajmal | Mubasher | Muhammed Amin Sheikh | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1984Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0152,T] (1).
25.
The Role Of Escherichia Coli As Poultry Pathogen
by Rauf Ahmad | Sheikh Muhammed Amin | Asif Rabbani | Muhammed Ajmal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1986Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0153,T] (1).
26.
Preliminery Studies On Hydropericardium Syndrome In Broiler
by Khurshid Ahmad | Muhammed Ajmal | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Zafar Iqbal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1989Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0156,T] (1).
27.
Studies On The Isolation And Serotyping Of Salmonellae From Faecal Material Of Sheep And Goats From Different Markets
by Imtiaz Ahmad, Bhuttar | Ata - Ur - Rehman Rizvi | Mubasher | Muhammed Narrm | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1986Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0166,T] (1).
28.
Sero-Epidemiological Survey Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea In Lahore Using Agar Gel Diffusion Technique, With An Attempt On Isolation of Virus
by Fahim Ahmad, Bhatti | Ata Ur -Rehman Rizvi | Muhammed | Muhammed Amin Sheikh | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1989Dissertation note: The seroloical study was carried out on one thousand serum samples collected randomly from abbatoirs at Lahore city. Of these serum samples 645 were from buffaloes while 55 were of cattle origin. This study was undertaken to study- the seroepidemiology off bovine viral diarrhea in and around Lahore city. Agar gel precipitation test was used for detecting antibodies in the Sera of animals. The primary bovine kidney cell cultures were used for culturing the bovine viral diarrhea virus and the antigen for immuno-diffusion tests was prepared from the infected cells.
An overall incidence of 8.6% was revealed by the agar-gel immuno-diffusion tests. The tests showed 914% buffaloes as having antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea, while '76% of the cattle showed positive results.
The influence of various epidemiologi- cal factors was proven. Higher prevalence rate was observed in the buffaloes as compared to the cattle. The age group of the animals was also found to be one of the factors affecting the distribution of bovine viral diarrhea antibodies, as maximum number of reactors were detected in the 10 years and above age group through agar-gel precipitation tests. Attempts were made on the isolation of virus on primary bovine kidney cell cultures, but were not successful.
The results of the study revealed few animals having precipitating antibodies in their sera. It shows that the disease is not widespread amongst the animals in our area; bit 8till calls for an emergent response from
experts and relevant agencies for mass scale surveys to get a better understanding of the disease and its epidemiology.
Bovine viral diarrhea - Mucosal disease complex has a great economic impact on the livestock industry in general and on the dairy and breeding programmes in particular. As Pakistan is a developing country and the economy relies heavily on the agriculture and livestock resources, therefore, control measures should be adopted without delay to have a proper check on this malady before it spreads to an un-controlable extent.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0167,T] (1).
29.
Isolation And Serotyping Of Salmonella From Wild Animals And Birds At Lahore Zoo
by Iftikhar Ahmad, Malik | Muhammed Ajmal | Ata_Ur- Rehman | Mubasher | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1989Dissertation note: The occurrence of salmonellae in a variety of zoo animals including carnivores, primates, ruminants, avifauna, rodents etc was investigated.
The faeoal samples of 500 wild animals and birds examined yielded 9 strains of salmonella, giving an incidence of 1.8%. Of these '7 strains from pigeons and rabbits were confirmed as Salmonella ty-phimuriuni and 2 strains from pheasants were confirmed as Salmonella pullorum. The relative percentage of each species was found to be 1.4% and 0.4% respectively. Salmonella typhimurium have a vex wide host range including human being. It Is therefore recommended to adopt proper hygienic measures at Lahore Zoo. Further work on a much large scale is recommended.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0187,T] (1).
30.
Studies On The Isolation And Serotyping Of Salmonella From Gall-Bladder Of Buffaloes Slaughtered At Abattoirs In Lahore
by Munir Ahmad, M | S.Ata-Ur-Rehman Rizvi | Muhammed Naeem | Zafar Iqbal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1987Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0192,T] (1).
31.
Studies On The Isolation And Serotyuping Of Salmonella From Mesenteric Lymmphnodes Of Sheep And Goats
by Ahmad Usman Zafar | Muhammed Ajmal | Ata-Ur- Rehman Rizvi | T.M Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1986Dissertation note: Five hundred samples of mesenteric lymph nodes of sheep and goats , 20 from each species , slaughtered at Lahore abattoir, were bacteriologically examined to determine the Salmonella carrier state in healthy sheep and goats. Nine strains of Salmonellae belonging to two serological types i.e. Salmonella typhimurium (l.40%) and Salmonella anatum (0.40%), were isolated. The incidence of Salmonellosis in sheep and goats were recorded as 2.40% and 1.20% respectively.
The media used for primary isolation and purification were Selenite broth, Bismuth sulphite agar, Brillient green agar, MacConkey agar and Nutrient agar. Results of Triple sugar iron agar and Urease test gave a preliminary confirmation of Salmonella organisms. Sugar fermentation reactions, Methyl red and Voges Proskauer tests were also employed for the confirmation of isolates. The Serological identification was carried out with the help of standard antisera manufactured by ' Research Institute of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Sofia, Bulgaria. Further work on much larger scale is recommended.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0195,T] (1).
32.
A Study On The Incidence And Types Of Salmonella From Intestines And Liver Of Coturnix Quail Slaughtered At Different
by Fazal Ahmad | Ata-ur- Rehman Rizvi | Mubasher | Muhammed Amin Sheikh | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1988Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0200,T] (1).
33.
Immunogenic Studies On Tissue Culture Rinderpest Vaccine In Buffaloes And Cattle
by Saeed Ahmad | Muhammed Yousaf vaid | Ata ur Rehman Rizvi | Muhammed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1980Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0202,T] (1).
34.
Morphological Abnormalities Of Spermatozoa In Pure Bred Friesian, Sahiwal Bulls And Friesian X Sahiwal
by Ahsan Rashad, M | Prof. Dr. Rashid Ahmad Ch | Dr. Imtiaz Hussain Khan | Dr. M. Akram | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Of the 15 normal semen producing breeding bulls, five bulls from each of pure bred Sahiwal, Friesian and the cross-breds (Friesian X Sahiwal) of the same age group were selected. These bulls were maintained at Semen Production Unit, Qadirabad (Sahiwal) under similar conditions of housing, feeding and management. Two consecutive ejaculates once a week were collected. A total of 395 ejaculates were evaluated for various seminal characteristics, extended, processed and frozen during August, September and October, 1990. During these three months semen parameters like ejaculate volume, mass motility, percent motility and the doses produced per ejaculate declined with increase of ambient temperature and humidity.
The second ejaculate (195) at each collection and for each bull was always taken for studying the sperm morphology. Two slides from each semen sample were prepared in 10% solution of Nigrosin stain. A total of 200 sperm cells were counted in each slide and average values for various morphological abnormalities of spermatozoa in each breed were studied. The sperm cell abnormalities were accounted for head (abnormal, detached), neck (poor attachment, abaxial attachment and fractured neck), thickened mid-piece, protoplasmic droplet (proximal, distal droplet) and tail (detached, coiled- tail-droplet-enclosed, coiled tail).
The mean values of different breeds so obtained for different abnormalities during various months were analysed. The average values for head abnormalities for three breeds were 9.69 ± 1.88, 5.12 ± 060 and 1.56 ± 0.14% in Friesian, cross-bred and Sahiwal, respectively. These abnormalities were highest during August and September in Friesian bulls and lowest in Sahiwal bulls during October.
The neck abnormalities were highest in cross-breds (4.44 ± 0.57%) and lowest in Sahiwal (1.67 ± 0.14%). However, the neck abnormalities were statistically similar during the months of August, September and October. Similar trend of mid-piece abnormality was observed between various breeds and months. Likewise the values of protoplasmic droplets were highest in cross breds (14.12 ± 1.19%) and lowest in Sahiwal (2.36 ± 0.30%). The tail abnormalities were the highest in cross-breds (3.47 ± 0.45%) and lowest in Sahiwal (0.87 ± 0.12%). Among various months the tail abnormalities, were statistically similar (P> 0.05).
The total values of different sperm abnormalities wçre highest in cross-breds during August (30.93 ± 3.11%) and comparatively lower during September and October (28.66 ± 2.28 and 26.11 ± 2.63%), respectively.
Except head abnormalities, all the other abnormalities of spermatozoa were statistically significant among breeds.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0206,T] (1).
35.
Taxonomical Study On Prevalent Ectoparasites & The Effect Of Tick Infestation On Various Blood Parameters
by Nisar Ahmad | Asif Rabbani | M.Sarwer khan | Muhammed Afzal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: A study was conducted to see the prevalence and to identify the species of ectoparasites (Ticks, mites, fleas, lice) in dogs.
Samples were collected from College of Veterinary Sciences and different pet clinics in the city. Specimens were collected and then transferred into the glass bottles containing 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, alcohol for preservation.
The specimens were examined and identified in the laboratory.
The species of ectoparasites identified were: Rhipicephalus anguineus (tick), Sarcoptes scabiel Var canis (mite), Ctenocephalides Canis (flea) Trichodectes anis (lice).
The percentage of the above mentioned species were: 39.3%, 11.1%, 2.1% and 2.1% respectively.
Haematological examination were made to compare the blood picture of healthy and infested dogs. For this purpose 20 blood samples each from healthy and infested dogs were examined. The blood parameters studied were: Haemoglobin level, total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, packed cell volume and differential leukocyte count. The results of haemotological examination showed a significant decrease in haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, and packed cell volume, whereas a significant rise in leukocyte count and D.L.C. of infested dogs as compared to healthy dogs was observed.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0213,T] (1).
36.
Comparative Efficacy Of Haemagglutination Inhibition Test And Enzymne Linked Immunosorbent Assay In Detection Of Antibody Response To Newcastle Disease Virus
by Shafiq Ahmad Noori | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Ehtisham | Muhammed Naeem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to observe the effects of various temperatures on the immune system, growth rate and various lymphoid organs of chickens.
Five hundred day-old chicks were reared upto six weeks of -age under various temperature ranges. These birds were randomly divided into 5 groups (each consisting of 100 chicks), A, B, C, D and E. Birds in group A were kept at 25°C and given NDV vaccine, birds in group B were kept at 37°C and administered NDV vaccine, birds in group C were housed at 42°C and inoculated with NDV vaccine, birds in group D were kept at ambient temperature and given NDV vaccine and those in group E were kept at 37°C and not vaccinated with NDV.
Blood samples from all the birds were collected on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42. Live body weights of the birds were recorded on days 1, 21, 28, 35 and 42. At the termination of the study all the surviving birds were sacrificed to study the various lymphoid organs such as thymus, bursa of Fabricius, spleen and liver.
Heat stress at higher temperature enhanced the immune response of the chicken vaccinated against NDV as compared to the birds kept at lower temperature and non-vaccinated birds. The heat stress at various temperatures did not significantly affect:, the bursal and body weight gain, however, heat stress significantly affected the liver, splenic and thymic weight gain.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0216,T] (1).
37.
Studies On Clostridial Flora Of Ovine Gut
by Zarar Ahmad | S .Ata -Ur- Rehman Rizvi | Muhammed | Muhammed Naeem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Clostridial organisms are a part of the normal flora of animal intestine. Under conditions of stress and intestinal stasis bacteria multiply at a very rapid rate and produce intestinal disorders and other acute septicaemic diseases which may result in high mortality and condemnation of carcass and abortion and loss of milk yield in less severe cases.
Faecal samples of 500 sheep of various ages and both sexes, slaughtered at different abattoirs of Lahore were examined during the present study. Clostridial organisms belonging to different species were isolated from 320(64%) ou,t of 500 animals examined. Based upon morphological, colonial and biochemical characteristics these isolates were identified as Clostridium perfrinens 180(36%), Clostridium apcroenes 113(22.6%), Clostridium tetani 10(2%), Clostridium chauvoei 9(1.8%) and Clostridium botulinum 8(1.6%).
Pathogenicity of the isolates was determined in mice and it was observed that 36.25% of the isolates were pathogenic in this species producing acute septicaemic diseases. Out of the different species isolated 11.11% Clostridium chauvoei, 58.33% Clostridiuin prfrinens and 100% Clostridluin tetani were found pathogenic. Pure cultures of isolated organisms were obtained from the livers, tissues and blood of the inoculated mice.
Clostridia are an important group of pathogenic bacteria of veterinary public health significance, further work is recommended for the identification of the toxigenic groups within each species.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0219,T] (1).
38.
Study On Antibody Profile Against Brucella Melitensis (Rev-1 Strain) Vaccine In Sheep And Goat
by Manzoor Ahmad Ghumman | M.Akram Muneer | Mubasher | Muhammed Naeem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: A total of 213 lambs/kids (60 lambs and 33 kids at livestock experiment station, Jahangirabad 40 lambs and 26 kids at livestock production research institute, Bahadarnagar and 60 lambs at livestock experiment station Qadarabad) were vaccinated with Brucella melitensis Rev. I vaccine. The lambs/kids, 4-6 months of age, that demonstrated zero antibody titre were selected for the experiment. Each lamb/kids recieved 2 ml of brucella melitensis Rev. I vaccine subcutaneously behind the shoulder. Vacenated lambs/kids were bled on 20,30,60,30,120, 150, 180 and 210 days post-vaccination. Sera were separated to determine the antibody profile using serum agglutination tube test. The antibody titre ranged 1/40 to 1/640, On day 20 post_vaccination which declines sharply. On days 210 post _vacination the antibody titre were from 1/10 to 1/40 in sheep at Livestock experiment station Jahangirabad, Oadirabad and livestock production research institute, Bahadurnagur.
The rate of abortion was 1.36% zero and 0.27% in sheep before vaccination at livestock experiment station, Jahangirabad, Livestock production research institute, Bahadurnagur and Livestock experiment station, Qadirabad respectively. The rate of abortion after vacitnation was nill at all the 3 livestock farms.
The rate of abortion in goat are 24.20% and 0% before vaccination at Livestock experiment station, Jahangirabad and 1ivestock production research institute - Bahadarnagar, respectively. The rate of abortion at livestock experiment station, Jahagirabad and Livestock production research institute, Bahadurnagur was 1.7% and 0% in goats after vaccination, respectively.
Antibody titre of brucella melitensis Rev. I vaccine falls sharply, within two months post-vaccination. A single dose of vaccine provided sufficient field immunization.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0228,T] (1).
39.
Incidence Of Surra (Trypanasomiasis) & Estimation Of Blood Glucose Protein P.,C.V. Values In Camels Grought To Lahore Abbatoir
by Saleem Ahmad, S | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Asif Rabbani | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Trypanosomiasis in camels caused by T. evansi occurs in both acute and chronic forms. In chronic forms huge production loss occur, i.e lower milk and meat yields. The present study had been designed to find out the incidence of the disease and estimation of blood glucose ,P.C.V. and protein level , it will eventually lead to the control of Trypanosomiasis.
For the incidence, blood samples were col- lected from Lahore abattoir and the presence of Trypa- nosome was confirmed by making smear from freshly collected blood samples from the ear vein.For the haematological study blood was collected from jugular vein in the glass tube . The values of protein , PC.V. and blood glucose was estimated by standard method.
Out of 500 samples 24 were proved to be positive i.e 4.80 % sample were positive.Whereas in the month of July 1991 it comes 4.16 %,In the month of Aug. 91 estimated as 5.58 % and during Sept. 91 was estimated as 4.30 %.
On examining the values of serum protein ,blood glucose and Packed Cell Volume ( P.C.V.) of the positive samples they showed slight increase in protein value ,decrease in glucose value and also reduction of P.C.V. values. Their mean values were calculated as 9.55 g/100 ml,29.07 mg/100 ml and 20.25 % respectively.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0247,T] (1).
40.
Role Of Maternal Antibodies In Protection Against Infectious Bursal Disease (Ibd) In Commercial Broilers
by Zaheer Ahmad | Muhammed Akram Muneer | s. Ata-ur-Rehman Rizvi | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: In this study, the decay rate of maternal antibodies to infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) protective efficacy of maternal antibodies to experimental IBDV challenge and the protective efficacy of a live IBD virus vaccine (Bursine 11) to I8DV experimental challenge were studied. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent 1ssay (ELISP) was standardized and performed to analyze the serum samples.
The level of maternal antibodies to (IBDV) was found to be positive till the fourth week of age. The line of best fit to this decay rate within the study period was found to be Y=0.43-O.O53 (week) and has the coefficient of determi- nation 0.904. The positive level of maternal antibodies after second week of age were found insufficient to protect broiler chicks against the IBDV challenge. Maximum mortality (207.) was observed after experimental IBDV challenge at 35 days of age in broiler chicks. This suggested that the offsprings need to be vaccinated with the live IBD virus vaccine before that age.
The maternal antibodies were demonstrated to interfere with the live vaccination.
vaccination. Live virus at 14 days of age were found to be protective and a booster with the same vaccine in the fifth week of age prevented the chicks from infection.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0250,T] (1).
41.
Sero-Epidemiology Of Leptospirosis In Buffaloes In Sargodha Division
by Muzaffar Ahmad, Gondal | Ata-Ur-Rehman Rizvi | Muhammed | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: Leptospirosis is an infectious disease of domestic animals and man. In dairy animals leptospiral infection may produce reproductive disorders, abortion, repeat breeding, mastitis and infertility. Etiological agent has more than 180 distinct pathogenic serovars which can be classified into 18 serogroups.
On the basis of serological evidence of leptospirosis, a study was carried out to find the incidence, magnitude and serological distribution of leptospira interrogans in Sargodha division. Out of 713 total serum samples, 301, 157, 147 and 108 were collected from Sargodha, Khushab, Bhakkar and Mianwali districts respectively. These serum samples were of aborted, mastitis infected, healthy pregnant and non pregnant, sterile, repeat breeding and male (service, plough and traction) buffaloes. All the samples were subjected to Rapid Macroscopic Agglutination Test (RMAT). This test was performed both for initial screening and for the identification of leptospiral serovars of positive animals against eleven antigens used.
So it is necessary to control the veneral disease in dairy animals as the evidence suggests that the disease may cause great economic losses to the livestock.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0257,T] (1).
42.
Studies On The Postnatal Development Of The Reproductive Organs And Other Related Endocrine Glands In Male Nili
by Nasim Ahmad | Manzoor Ahmed | Imtiaz Hussain Khan | Muhammed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1984Dissertation note: The water buffalo is amongst the most productive of domestic animals. One of the major problems causing uneconomical productivity in buffalo has been described as its higher age of maturity. It was therefore, necessary to collect a through information from birth through puberty on the potential of anatomical and physiological development of its reproductive organs and endocrine glands. This information was particularly lacking on the male of Nili Ravi breed.
Ten male Nili-Ravi calves ranging in age from 0 to 7 days were included in the Present study. They were subjected to detailed clinical examination. Biometrical examination of reproductive organs accessory sex glands and endocrine glands was conducted after slaughtering. Samples from suitable places were taken for histology purpose. Necessary photography and microphotography was done and the data collected was statistically analysed.
Body weight, body temperature, respiration and pulse rate averaged 32.24 kg, 38.8° C, 27.6 and 78.2 per minute whereas heart girth, body length and scrotal circumference averaged 71.5, 75.0 and 8.38 cm. Coefficient of correlation among body weight and heart girth; scrotal circumference and total testicular weight was 0.96 (P<.0l), 0.69 (P<0.05) and 0.57(which was non-significanl. Correlations between scrotal circumference and total testicular veight was 0.65 (P<0.05).
Single testis measured 2.3 x 1.2 x 1.0 x 3,0 cm (LxBxTxC) and weighed 1.39 gm. Length of epididymis was 4.8 cm with a weight of 0.88 gm/vas deferens was 31.3 cm long and length of attached penis was 21.2 cm. Length and diameter of ampulla was 4.3x2.2 whereas length, breadth and thickness of seminal vesicle. Prostate and cowpers gland averaged 2.1xl.5x0.35, 5.6xl.7x1.6 and 0.6x0.3x0.2 cm. Seminal vesicle weighed 0.48 gm. Average measurements of pitutiary and pineal gland were l.3x0.8x0.6 and 0.5x0.5x0.3 cm. Their corresponding weights were 0.42 and 0.06 gm. There was slight difference in the measurements of right and left thyroid and adrenal gland. The difference between the weight of right and left thyroid and adrenal gland were significant (P>0.05).
Microscopic examination revealed that testis was composed of solid sex-cords which measured 45.04 and 47.83 microns in diameter near the periphery and near the rete. The ratio of large cells and small cell was 13:5 and of sex cords with interstitial tissue was 60:40. Epididymis exhibited moderate regional variation. Epithelial height was 14, 15 and 25 microns in head, body and tail regions.
Ampullary glands were devoid of cilia and showed dilatations Only towards the lumen. The glandular epithelium of seminal vesicle was columnar with granular cytoplasm. Their height varied from 15 to 20 microns. In prostate gland two parts were clearly distinguished. Secretory units of bulbouretheral gland were small and were lined by cuboidal epithelium. Penis of new born calf possesed all the essential structures.
In pituitary gland pars intermedia and median cleft was prominent and various cells of pars distails were identified. Pinealocytes were characterized as large cells situated more towards periphery.
Follicles of thyroid gland were lined by columnar cells and filled with colloid material. In adrenal cortex three zones were clearly identified and cortico-medullary junction was interdigitated.
The gross and histological findings of the present study were found to be little higher than those of Indian buffalo calves but were comparable or found lower when compared with cow calves of same age.
It is, proposed that similar studies be conducted on Nili-Ravi calves of different age groups uptil puberty to observe the develop- mental changes. The recorded variations could then be narrowed to select sires showing early maturity for exploitation through AL. to over come the problem of delayed maturity.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0274,T] (1).
43.
Identification Of Various Species Of Coccidia And Effects Of Natural Infection On Various Blood Parameters And Total Serum Proteins In Teddy Goats
by Tanveer Ahmad | Mubasher Saeed | Manzoor | Muhammed Afzal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: Study was conducted to find out the incidence of various species of Eimeria responsible for coccidiosis in kids of 4-6 month of age. For this purpose, 100 positive samples were collected and examined. The species of Eimeria found were Eimeria arloingi, Einaeria intricata, Eimeria parva, Eiineria faurei and Eimeria ninakohlvakimovae. All samples showed mixed infection with 2 to 3 species of Eimeria.
The oocyst count per gram of faeces in positive cases ranged from 5,000 to 50,000. The disease incidence was higher in young animals and it decreased with age. It was observed that Eiineria arloini was the most prevalent (81.25%) amongst the faecal samples examined.
For haeinatological purposes, 60 blood samples of kids 4-6 months of age were used. The kids were divided into three groups A, B and C having 20 animals each. The result indicated that total erythrocyte count for group A, B and C was 6.88 t 0.303, 9.95 0.225 and 10.54 j 0.120 millions per micro litre of blood respectively. A significant decrease in total erythrocyte count was observed. A negative correlation existed between the average oocyst count and number of erythrocytes per micro litre of blood.
The average leukocyte count of group A was found to be 10.40 £ 0.260 thousand per micro litre of blood while in group B and C, the average leukocyte count was 6.97 ±. 0.318 and 6.62 ± 0.325 x respectively. The result indicated that a 36.34% increase in total leukocyte count of kids showing clinical sign of coocidiosis and 5.02% increase in the animal suffering from sub-clinical form of disease.
The average haenioglobin conoentration of Group A, B and C was 7.91 ± 0.380, 10.83 ± 0.278 and 11.84 ± 0.286 gm/100 ml of blood. It was observed from the results that there was highest haemoglobin oncentration in Group C, a decrease of 8.53% in haemoglobin concenration of Group-B and 33.19% in Group A was recorded.
The neutrophil count was observed 53.22 ± 1.56, 48.50 ±. 0.99 and 37.38 ±. 0.961 for group A, B and C respectively. The average lymphocyte count of group A, B and C was 56.15 ±. 0.23, 55.85 ±. 0.28 and 62.0 ± 0.29 respectively. It is clear that the coccidiosis caused 7.62% decrease in lymphocytes in infected kids. The result indicated a significant decrease in lymphocyte count due to coccidiosis. The result showed that the coccidiosis produced no significant change in the rnonocyte component of blood of infected kids.
It is evident from the result that a decrease of 12.01% in the eosinophil count was seen in group A while an increase of 58.83 occurred in Group B because coccidiosis caused significant change in the eosinophil count. The average basophil count for group A, B and C was 0.21 0.287, 1.0 ±. 0.22 % and 0.88 ±. 0.210% respectively.
The total serum proteins observed in Group A, B and C was 4.17 0.058, 5.43 ±. 0.051 and 6.18 ± 0.057 gm/100 ml of blood. It is evident from these results that a decrease of 32.52% in T.S.P. of group P.A. and a decrease of 12.13% in the T.S.P. of group B occured due to coccidiosis. The infection of coccidiosis had an adverse effect on the total serum protein in kids.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0279,T] (1).
44.
Study On Various Seminal Characteristics Affected With Aging Phenomenon In Male Nili-Ravi Buffalo
by Mohsin Raza Naqvi, M | Prof. Dr. Rashid Ahmad Chaudhary | Dr. Nisar | Dr. Tayyab Rahil | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: The main aim of the present study was to observe the reproductive performance of Holstein-Friesian and Jersey cows, imported from USA, being maintained under the sub-tropical environmental conditions of the Punjab, and then to compare it with their respective local-born progenies. The influence of environmental factors on some parameters of reproductive performance had been studied in order to estimate the level of their adoptability towards local climatic conditions. The reproductive records of the normal breeding local-born Holstein-Friesian, imported Holstein-Friesian, local-born Jersey and imported Jersey cows were studied during 1985-1991. The outcome of the present study in respect of the following parameters of reproductive performance are summarized as below.
1) Local-born Holstein-Friesian and local-born Jersey heifers conceived for the first time at the age of 502.93±11.71 and 496.37±6.64 days. This shows that Holstein-Friesian heifers took 7 days more for their first conception, but this difference was found to be non-significant.
2) The average age at first calving for local-born Holstein- Friesian and Jersey heifers was 787.38±13.61 and 771.48±7.88 days respectively, while their respective dams calved in USA for the first time at the age of 822.46±10.63 and 800.51±8.43 days correspondingly. The data indicate that local-born Holstein-Friesian and Jersey heifers calved for the first time 35 and 29 days earlier than their dams.
3) The average number of services required per conception for local-born Holstein-Friesian, imported Holstein-Friesian, local- born Jersey and imported Jersey were 1.76±0.100, 1.87±0.089, 1.83±0.069 and 1.88±0.072 respectively, whereas the difference among the groups was found to be non-significant. Although the number of services required per conception increased with increasing parity but the difference was non-significant.
4) The service period for local-born Holstein-Friesian, imported Holstein-Friesian, local-born Jersey and imported Jersey averaged 161.48±14.45, 132.92±511, 100.99±4.63 and 107.03±2.77 days respectively. The local-born and imported Jersey cows conceived 60 and 26 days earlier after calving than their contemporary local-born and imported Holstein cows. Effect of season of calving on subsequent service period was not significant.
5) The average gestation periods of 278.65±0.78, 279.92±0.63, 279.26±0.51 and 277.49±0.36 days were found in local-born Hol- stein-Friesian, imported Holstein-Friesian, local-born Jersey and imported Jersey cows respectively. The data shows that imported Jersey cows carried their calves 1.16, 2.43 and 1.77 days less than the local-born Holstein-Friesian, imported Holstein-Friesian and local-born Jersey correspondingly. Moreover in all the genetic groups except local-born Holstein-Friesian, cows carrying male calves had longer gestation length than those carrying female calves.
6) The calving interval for local-born Holstein-Friesian, imported Holstein-Friesian, local-born Jersey and imported Jersey averaged 443.77±18.67, 415.66±5.09, 380.93±6.36 and 387.18±3.0 days respectively. The Jerseys showed significantly (P < 0.01) shorter calving interval than the Holsteins. The shortet calving interval in all the groups was seen after Winter calvings. Minimum calvings in each group occurred during Summer. The maximum calvings in local-born Holstein-Friesian and imported Holstein- Friesian cows were during winter; whereas in local-born Jersey and imported Jersey these were observed during Spring and winter in order of merit.
7) The 305-day milk production averaged 3643.29±121.26, 4114.40±115.96, 2194.52±57.25 and 3150.48±46.16 litres for local- born Holstein-Friesian, imported Holstein-Friesian, local-born Jersey and imported Jersey cows respectively. The results indicate that imported Holstein-Friesian and Jersey cows produced -significantly more milk than their respective local-born progenies.
8) The average dry period for local-born Holstein-Friesian, imported Holstein-Friesian, local-born Jersey and imported Jersey cows was 192.71±16.14, 191.07±13.11, 157.91±9.70 and 133.30±5.77 days respectively. The dry period in the local-born Holstein- Friesian and imported Holstein-Friesian was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the local-born and imported Jersey cows.
The findings of this study regarding most of reproductive traits indicate that both local-born and imported Jersey performed better than Holstein-Friesian cows under sub-tropical climatic conditions of Punjab. However local-born groups produced less 305 days milk than their imported dams. The production potential in the exotic herd can be increased by breeding the cows with semen of genetically superior sires, through intensive management and with more effective disease control programme.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0314,T] (1).
45.
Studies On Uterine Involution And Ovarian Activity In Postpartum Nili-Ravi Buffaloes Given Prostaglandin F2 Alpha Analogue
by Farrukh Nazir | Prof. Dr. Rashid Ahmad Chaudhary | Dr. Mian Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Tayyab | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0324,T] (1).
46.
Prevalence Of Lymnaea Snails, In Lahore District, & Their Eradication By A Molluscicide Copper Sulphate
by Talib Hussain, Mughal | Dr. mhammad sarwar khan | Dr. Haji ahmad | Dr. Khalid parvez | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The study was designed to know about the prevalence of the Lymnaea snails, identification of infected and non infected snails with intermediate stages of liver fluke and to recommend suitable copper sulphate dilution i.e. lmg/66 and lmg/lOO as molluscicide under laboratory and experimental pond conditions. One thousand snail/tern specimens were collected, 200 from each of four ponds and a natural habitat. The snails were collected fortnightly between October 1992 to March 1993.
Prevalence of Lymnaea species was found to be 42.36% and infection of Lymnaea snails with intermediate stages of hepatica ranged between 37.50% and 68.75% in five habitats studied during the period from October 1992 to March 1993. copper sulphate dilution lmg/lO0 ml (10 PPM) was found to be effective as molluscicide and safe for other aquatic fauna and vegetation.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0346,T] (1).
47.
To Study The Effect Of Different Dietary Protein & Energy Level On The Growth Performance Of Nili-Ravi Buffalo Male
by Rehman Khan, A | Dr. Nisar ahmed mian | Dr. Jaweed ahmad qureshi | Dr. Muhammad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The buffalo is an important animal in the agriculture economy of our country and the most useful animal for many millions of poor people, especially those living in Asia.
So far, no definite studies with regard to the nutritional requirements of the buffalo at various stages of growth and production (meat and milk) have been conducted. The feeding of buffalo in the sub-continent is based on various cereals and cash crops and are generally subjected to various nutritional imbalances, as a result, the genetic potential with regard to growth and production (meat and milk) of buffalo is not fully exploited.
Thus there is a desperate need for determining the specific feeding requirements of the indigenous dairy buffalo. For the purpose digestibility and metabolic studies for various nutritional needs for growth, fattening and production are to be conducted. Thus the present study was designed to study the effect of different plans of nutrition on growth, efficiency of feed utilization and nutrients digestibility in Nili-Ravi buffalo male calves.
Twenty-seven buffalo male calves of 9-12 months of age were randomly divided into nine groups. Three different levels of protein and metabolizable energy (80, 100 and 120% of NRC, 1976 Standards for beef cattle) were incorporated in the nine experimental rations.
After the trial of 140 days, the buffalo male calves gained weight 102.67, 110.64, 90.33, 36.00, 73.33, 127,34, 98.67, 82.34 and 110.34 Kgs. in groups 1-9, respectively. Maximum growth was recorded in group 6 [CP 100% and ME 120% of NRC (1976) Standards for beef cattle). Weight gain was non-significant due to varying levels of protein in the rations while weight gain was significant (P<0.05) due to varying levels of energy in the rations. Maximum growth rate of 909 gms. per day in group 6 (CP 100% and ME 120%) was recorded. The regression equation for weight gain with the relation to protein and energy intake was as follows: Weight gain (WG) = -297.28 + .425 (Pr) ± 63.67 (En)
The feed consumption decreased with the increase of protein level in the rations while feed consumption increased with the increase of ME level in the ration but the effect was statistically non-significant.
Maximum feed was consumed in group 6 (CP 100% and ME 120%). It was observed from the study that dietary protein had significant effect on feed efficiency and it was improved with the increase of dietary protein in the ration. Feed efficiency also improved significantly with the increase of energy in the rations. It was noted from the study that the dry matter intake reduced with the increase of dietary protein but dry matter intake increased with the increase of ME level in the ration. The effect was statistically non-significant. Protein intake was significantly increased with increase of protein level while ME level in the ration had non-significant effect. ME intake was non-significant with the increase of protein level but it was significantly increased with the increase of ME level in the ration.
The digestibility of crude protein and ether extract increased with the increase of protein and energy level in the rations but the differences were nonsignificant. The digestibility of dry matter was increased at varying levels of protein and energy but the differences were significant (P<0.0l). The digestibility of NFE and crude fibre were also increased at varying levels of energy significantly (P<0.01) but these were low at 100% protein level than 80 and 120% protein level. It was observed that the digestibility of all the nutrients increased at high plan of nutrition (protein and energy).
It was concluded that protein requirements of buffalo male calves were the same as recommended for beef cattle NRC (1976) but metabolizable energy requirements were 20% higher than the recommended level for beef cattle, NRC (1976)
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0348,T] (1).
48.
Study Of Enzyme Leakage At Various Egg-Yolk Levels During Freezing Process In Nili-Ravi Buffalo Semen
by Munir Ahmad Amer | Imtiaz Hussain Khan | Asif Rabbani | Rashid Ahmed Chaudry | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Present study was carried out on semen of 10 bulls over a period of 3 months maintained at Semen Production Unit, Qadirabad District Sahiwal. Semen sample$were evaluated for volume, mass motility, initial motility and sperm concentration. Accepted ejaculates having more than 60% initial motility were used for GOT, GPT and Hyaluronidase activity estimation. The Acrosin activity could not be estimated in diluents by the fact that optical density increases as a result of hydrolysis of substrate.
The GOT. GPT & Hyaluronidase values recorded in fresh semen were 38.27, 7.15 & 3.6 mu/ml, respectively. After extension of semen in lactose fructose egg yolk glycerol extender with five egg yolk levels i.e. 10, 15, 20, 25 & 30%, the GOT activity with these dilutions was found 65.74, 58.06, 56.08, 54.06 & 53.98. Whereas, these values were 18.74, 11.97, 10.84, 10.25 & 9.95 units for GPT. Under the same dilutions the Hyaluronidase activity was estimated as 6.71, 5.00, 4.91, 4.90 & 4.89 mu/ml, respectively.
After freezing, the GOT was found to be 65.78, 62.55, 61.40, 60.40 & 59.60 mu/ml for the same extended samples. The GPT values were 24.37. 18.03, 16.17, 16.01 & 15.93 mu/ml, and the recordes for hyalyronidase activity were 9.00, 8.00, 7.75, 7.79 & 7.78 mu/ml for 10, 15, 20, 25 & 30% egg yolk levels, respectively.
In vitro the most reliable & preferable method considered for the evaluation of semen preservation technique is the analysis of seminal plasma for several enzymes related with fertility, because the extra cellular concentration of these enzymes might serve as an index of membrane trauma.
In the light of results obtained in the present study and the values recorded at different egg yolk levels for the estimation of GOT, GPT and hyaluronidase enzyme activity indicated that 20-30 % level was comparatively more superior for the extension and deep freezing of buffalo semen.
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49.
Anthelmintic Efficacy Of Caesalpinia Crista, Ivermactin, Levemisole And Oxfendazole Against Toxocara Vitulorum
by Saeed Ahmad sindhu | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Haji Ahimad | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present project was designed to test the anthelmintic efficacy of Caesalpinia crista Linn. seed (Karanjwa) at different dosage levels against Toxocara vitualorum infection in buffalo calves.
During the both phases of first experiment, anthelmintic efficacy of Caesalpinia crista Linn. seed (powder) was tested at different dosage levels but anthelmintic efficacy was not observed at the dosage levels ranging from 2 gm to 6 gm/kg body weight. It was concluded in the first experiment that Caesalpinia crista Linn. seeds have no anthelmintic efficacy against Toxocara vitulorum infection in buffalo calves.
During the second experiment clinical trials were conducted to test the anthelmintic efficacy of Caesalpinia crista Linn. seeds (Karanjwa), Ivermectin (Ivomec), Levamisole (Anthelmine) and Oxfendazole (Systarnex) against Toxocara vitulorum infection in buffalo calves under field conditions. Again results of second experiment support the zero percent (0%) anthelmintic efficacy of . crista Linn seeds (Powder) at the dosage level of 4 gm/kg body weight against vitulorum in buffalo calves.
Anthelmintic efficacy of Ivermectin. (Ivomec, I ml/50 kg body weight), Levamisole (Anthelmine 1 ml/15 mg body weight) and oxfendazole (systamex 1 ml/5 kg body weight) was observed to be 99.30%, 98.30% and 100% respectively against Toxocara vitulorum infection in buffalo calves.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0360,T] (1).
50.
Effects Of Substitution Of Fish Meal With Soybean Oil Meal On The Performance Of Broiler Chicks
by Khurshid Ahmad | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Ehtisham | Dr. Javed Ahmed Qureshi.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present study was under taken to investigate the effects of substitution of fish meal which is comparatively costly protein supplement with the soybean oil meal on the performance of Broiler chicks. One hundred and eighty day old (Male and Female) hubbard chicks were purchased from local market and were reared on four experimental rations A, B, C, & D upto fifty days of age. The starter rations were fed upto 28 days of age and the finisher rations were fed from 29th to 50 days of age.
Results revealed non-significant difference among weight gain and feed consumption of chicks fed on different experimental rations.
Apparently better feed utilization was noticed by the chicks fed on ration C (8 percent soybean oil meal and 4 percent fish meal. Statistically non significant difference were observed in the feed efficiency value of chicks fed on different experimental rations.
The present result revealed that chicks fed on ration C (8% soybean oil meal and 4% fish meal) apparently showed increased growth of broiler chicks, required less amount of feed per unit weight gain and were economical as compared to birds fed on other experimental rations.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0362,T] (1).
