301.
Kitaab e Noor
by Sarfraz Ali Hussain (Translator).
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ranak Trust; 2004Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.122 Sarfraz 2611BB 4th 2004 Quran] (1).
302.
Tajdar e Kayanat ki Naseehtain
by Muhammad Mazhar Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Al-Madina Publication; 1996Availability: No items available
303.
Sarwar e Jahwidan
by Peer Syed Nasir Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Noria Rizwia; 2005Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Nasir 22179 1st 2005 Islam] (1).
304.
Tajdar e Kayanat (PBUH) ki Naseehtain
by Muhammad Mazhar Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: Publisher: Lahore: Al-Madina Publications; 1996Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Mazhar 22324 1st 1996 Islam] (1).
305.
Phalsipha e Aflatoon
by Syed Abid Hussain.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Availability: No items available Checked out (1).
306.
Sufism and Bhakti Movement
by Dr. Fatima Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Classic; 2008Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Fatima 23299 1st 2008 Islam] (1).
307.
Kitaab e Noor
by Sarfraz Ali Hussain (Translator).
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ranak Trust; 2004Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.122 Sarfraz 2613BB 4th 2004 Quran] (1).
308.
Siaah Aankh Main Tasveer
by Mustansar Hussain Tarar.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-Meel, 2002Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 891.4393 Mustansar 21117 1st 2003 Novel] (1).
309.
Kitaab e Noor
by Sarfraz Ali Hussain (Translator).
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ranak Trust; 2004Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.122 Sarfraz 2615BB Quran] (1).
310.
Muslmano ka Nizam e Shorah
by Talib Hussain Sial.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Rawalpindi: Book Cetnre: ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Talib 21438 1st nd. Islam] (1).
311.
Surah Ikhlas say Bemarion ka Elaj
by Syed Ali Hussain Shah.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ilam o Irfan; 2003Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Ali 22115 1st 2003 Islam] (1).
312.
Sorah Yaseen
by Ali Hussain Shah.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ilam o Irfan; 2004Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.122 Ali 22311 1st 2004 Islam] (1).
313.
Fizan e Ishaq: Sofi Fizan Baba
by Syed Abid Hussain Shah.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Al-Madina; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Abid 22327 1st nd Islam] (1).
314.
Hazrat Abu Bakar Sadique
by Muhammad Hussain Haykal.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Jehlum: Book Corner; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Hussain 19223 1st nd Islam] (2).
315.
Tafseer Sorah Tauheed
by Ghulam Hussain Adeel.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Minhaj al Salheen; 2004Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Hussain 22152 1st 2004 Islam] (1).
316.
Hazoor Pur Noor
by Peer Syed Nasir Hussain Chishti.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Noria Rizvia; 2005Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.63 Nasir 22178 1st 2005 Islam] (1).
317.
Samaji Inqlab
by Safdar Hussain Sadique.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Roshni; 2003Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Safdar 16865 1st 2003 Islam] (1).
318.
Khair ul Waraa
by Peer Syed Nasir Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Norria Rizvia; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.63 Nasir 22189 1st nd Islam] (1).
319.
Muslamano ka Nizam e Shurah
by Talib Hussain Sial.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Rawalpindi: Book Centre; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Talib 21214 1st nd. Islam] (1).
320.
Sadqa hay Madinay Walay Ka
by Dr. Musharaf Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Al-Madina 2001Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.63 Masharaf 22329 1st 2001 Islam] (1).
321.
Bismilah say Dini wa Dunavi Bemario ka Elaj
by Syed Ali Hussain Shah.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ilam o Irfan; 2000Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Ali 22119 1st 2000 Islam] (1).
322.
Madinay day Nazaray
by Peer Syed Nasir Hussain Chishti Sialvi.
Edition: 1st Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Noria Rizvia; 2005Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.63 Nasir 22218 1st 2005 Islam] (1).
323.
Soze Milat
by Sadiq Hussain Tariq.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Rawalpindi: Book Centre; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Sadiq 21273 1st nd Islam] (1).
324.
Mishkat Shareef
by Syed Naib Hussain Naqvi.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Shikh GHulam Ali; 1964Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.122 Naib 9900 1st 1964 Islam] (1).
325.
Hunza Dastan
by Tarar, Mustansar Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-Meel; 2004Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 910.4 Tarar 16818 1st 2004 Urdu.Literature] (1).
326.
Pakistan ka Tareekhi Encyclopedia
by Zahid Hussain Anjum.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Shiekh Ghulam Ali; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.91 Zahid 17442 1st nd History] (1).
327.
Nutritional Assessment Of Hypertensive Patients And The Impact Of Nutrition Education On Their Dietary Practices In Contrast To Dash Diet
by Farah Naz (2012-VA-401) | Miss Tahreem Hussain | Dr. Sanaullah Iqbal | Dr. Mamoona Chaudary.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Hypertension is a common public health problem in developing countries. It leads to
further complications such as coronary heart disease, stroke and renal disorder. The main reason
is unawareness, poor dietary habits and worsened lifestyle in hypertensive patients. Nutritional
education at the right time may prevent other risk factors associated with hypertension.
Nutrition education have a positive impact on dietary practices of hypertensive patients
for secondary prevention.
A total of 200 hypertensive patients was purposively selected for this study. The willing
patients was informed about the purpose of study and consent was taken. The pretesting of the
hypertensive patients was administered about their usual dietary habits through questionnaire,
Food Frequency Questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall. A total of 60 hypertensive patients
came with chronic diseases so they were excluded from the Research. Lessons and handouts on
nutrition education were given to the patients for a period of four weeks (1 month). After
completion of one month of nutrition education, post-testing was administered through filling up
of the same Questionnaire, Food Frequency Questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall to assess
the improvement in dietary habits of hypertensive patients and results were calculated.
SPSS v. 21 was used for the compilation and analysis. Wilcoxon signed ranked test and
Paired t-test was applied to analyze the effectiveness of nutritional education on dietary habits of
hypertensive patients. Level of significance was p ≤ 0.05.
The present study helped to assess the effectiveness of nutrition education on improving
the knowledge and dietary practices of hypertensive patients. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2661-T] (1).
328.
Effect Of Various Classroom Educational Activities On Fresh Fruit Intake Of Children
by Anum Zafar (2014-VA-533) | Ms. Tahreem Hussain | Ms. Amina Chughtai | Mr. Muhammad Bilal.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Children of age group 3-4 years are developing their dietary habits. Multiple factors affect their eating preferences. Intake of fresh fruits is observed to be less in this age group. Initiative to improve fresh fruit intake during this age is of utmost importance as fruits are rich in micronutrients. The proposed study attempts to find out the effect of class activities on fresh fruit intake of children.
The current study hypothesized that class learning activities can improve the consumption of fresh fruits in children and the results of the current study indicates that fresh fruit intake can be increased by different educational activities.
A sample of 100 children 3-4 years of age enrolled in The Educators (Shahdara campus) participated in the study. They were divided in four equal sub groups, 25 children in each group. Each group was given the same weighed (109grams) fruit bowls for 20 mins. One group was the control group. In contrast the other three experimental groups received the treatment in the form of different class activities like animated movie, storytelling and the talk session. The fruit bowls were served after these activities and then the weight of the fruit bowls were recorded again. The experiment was performed thrice with a gap of one week to observe the difference. Those participants who were suffering from any type of allergy were excluded from this study.
Data of the leftover weight was analyzed statistically by SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics (frequency/percentage), graphs, tables and graphs were used to analyze the data of different days of the treatment. One way ANOVA was used to check the difference between the outputs of different groups.
The result of the current study showed that participant with the treatment of storytelling ate more than any other treatment with lowest mean value of left over weight 14.36, however the group which receive the treatment of discussion had the mean value of 21.49 and the treatment with movie had the mean value of 34.02. Participant belong to the control group did not eat much fruit because they had highest mean value of leftover weight of 39.69.
Therefore it can be concluded from the current study that there is a positive effect of different class based learning activities on fresh fruits intake in children of age group 3-4 year.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2659-T] (1).
329.
Effect Of Selenium Supplementation On The Growth Performance Of Quail Chicks From Different Parental Body Weight Categories
by Tahir Yousaf (2014-VA-818) | Dr. Jibran Hussain | Prof. Dr. Athar Mahmud | Prof. Dr. Khalid Javed).
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Quail farming, despite having enormous potential, is still one of the neglected components of the poultry sector in the country, reason being very little research work done on its breeding, incubation, housing, nutritional requirements, feeding and overall management. Interaction factor between different parental body weight categories and Selenium sources has never been studied earlier: Therefore, it is of much importance to investigate the effect of selenium on growth performance, body measurements and slaughtering characters of progeny from the parents of variable body weight in Japanese quails. Supplementation of feed with organic selenium may affect growth performance, morphological traits and carcass characteristics of the chicks from parents of different body weight categories. Present study was conducted at Avian Research and Training Center, Department of Poultry Production, UVAS, Lahore for the duration of 04 weeks. Standard managemental conditions were followed, where, birds were maintained in well ventilated octagonal quail house (33×12×9 cubic ft.) equipped with French made multi deck cages. The birds were fed quail ration according to NRC (1994) recommendations. Quail broiler starter crumbs (CP 24% and ME 2900 Kcal/Kg) were provided with addition of Se from different sources. Through nipple drinking system availability of fresh, clean drinking water was ensured. Treatments consisted of 3 parental body weight categories (Heavy, medium and low) and three Se sources (Control, Organic Se @ 0.2mg/kg and Inorganic Se @ 0.4mg/kg). Effect of different Selenium sources on different parental body weight categories was studied regarding progeny growth performance, body measurement and slaughter parameters. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) under Randomized complete block design (RCBD in factorial arrangements using PROC GLM in SAS software. Means were compared through Duncan’s Multiple Range test. Present study showed that parental body
CHAPTER 6
SUMMARY
Summary
44
weight, selenium and their interaction did not show significant effect on growth performance except livability% for which maximum value was observed in heavy x organic group. For body measurements, parental body weight (heavy) interacting with selenium (control) sources resulted in highest measurement of shank length and circumference. Keel length was maximum in heavy x control group. Drumstick length was found highest in medium x inorganic while its circumference was highest in medium x control. Wing spread was found to be the highest in heavy x control group. Regarding slaughtering characteristics live weight was found to be maximum in heavy x control group while regarding dressed weight, heavy x organic group showed the highest value. Dressing% was non-significantly affected by parental body weights, selenium sources and their interaction.
Conclusions
On the basis of the results of present study, it can be concluded that
Parental body weight, selenium and their interaction did not show any significant effect on growth performance of Japanese quail except livability%. The interaction of heavy x control for livability was found to be better.
For body measurements, parental body weight and their interaction with selenium sources significantly affected shank length, shank circumference, keel length, drumstick length and circumference. Wing spread only significantly responded to parental body weight. Selenium was found to be non-significantly affecting all other morphometric measurements.
Regarding slaughtering characteristics parental body weight and their interaction with selenium sources significantly affected live weight and dressed weight. Selenium sources had only significant effect on dressed weight. Live weight was not effected by selenium
Summary
45
supplementation. Dressing% was non-significantly affected by parental body weights, selenium sources and their interaction.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The dose rates of organic and inorganic Selenium especially for Japanese quail need to be fixed.
Carefully planned and well executed studies are needed to fix the dose rates of selenium for Japanese quail.
Organic selenium seems better but again, further experimentation is recommended to use this trace mineral in Japanese quail feeds. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2682-T] (1).
330.
Quality, Nutritional And Organoleptic Evaluation Of Eggs From Different Chicken Genotypes In Pakistan
by Sumera Musarrat (2010-VA-319) | Dr. Jibran Hussain | Mr. Faisal Hussnain | Prof. Dr. Khalid Javed.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Egg is a miraculous food having all essentials of life. In the recent times, consumer
consciousness regarding egg and egg products is increasing and people prefer to eat eggs from
indigenous breeds over commercial breed, as they consider them of high nutritional value and
good quality. The present study was conducted with the objectives to compare egg quality,
proximate composition, macro minerals analysis, fatty acids profile, and organoleptic
evaluation of eggs from 6 different breeds of chicken in Pakistan. For this purpose, 5 bird of
each of the 6 breeds (White Leghorn, White Plymouth Rock, Naked Neck, Aseel, Rhode Island
Red and Fayoumi; 40-50 week of age) were kept under Completely Randomized Design on
litter floor. A total of 10 eggs from each breed were used for egg geometry (Egg Shape index,
surface area, volume) and quality analysis (Egg specific gravity, shell thickness, shell %,
albumen %, albumen index, haugh unit score, albumen pH, yolk pH, yolk %, yolk index, yolk
color, blood and meat spots), 3 from each breed were used for proximate analysis (Moisture
%, Crude Protein %, Lipids %, Ash %, Carbohydrates %), macro minerals (Calcium,
Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Iron) analysis, and fatty acid analysis, respectively. For
organoleptic evaluation, a semi trained panel of 20 people evaluated egg samples randomly
which were boiled at same time peeled and sliced into pieces. The panel evaluated Color,
Aroma, Flavor, Taste, mouth feel, and overall quality of Albumen and Yolk separately on 15-
point hedonic scale. The data were analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique
under Completely Randomized Design. The significant means were compared using Duncan’s
Multiple Range (DMR) test using SAS 9.4. Results showed no difference among breeds for
egg geometry and shell quality parameter, however, egg specific gravity was significantly
higher in Fayoumi chicken. In albumen quality, Rhode Island Red eggs showed highest
albumen percentage, while Haugh unit score was best in eggs of Aseel, Fayoumi, Naked neck
and Rhode Island Red as compa red to other breeds. But, Albumen index and Albumen pH
Summary
58
remained unaffected by different breeds. Similarly, in yolk quality traits, yolk percentage was
significantly higher in Aseel, Fayoumi and Naked neck, and yolk color in eggs of Fayoumi,
but yolk pH and yolk index remained unaffected by different breeds. Proximate analysis
showed significantly highest moisture and carbohydrate contents in White leghorn eggs while
Protein contents were highest in Aseel, Naked neck and White Plymouth rock. Moreover,
White Plymouth rock eggs also showed more lipid contents, while Ash percentage remained
comparable among different breeds. Macro minerals analysis showed higher Iron contents in
eggs of White leghorn breed, while Fayoumi eggs were higher in Magnesium, Potassium, and
Sodium contents. Naked neck eggs also showed higher Potassium and Calcium contents. Fatty
acid analysis showed higher Myristic acid (C14:0), DPA contents in eggs of White leghorn,
Stearic acid (C18:0) in eggs of Fayoumi and Aseel, Saturated Fatty acids in eggs of Fayoumi,
Palmitoleic acid (C16:1), Oleic acid (C18:1), Linoleic acid (C18:2), Arachidonic acid (C20:4),
EPA, DPA, DHA, MUFA, PUFA, and n-3 fatty acids in White Plymouth rock, n-6 fatty acids
in eggs of Rhode Island Red, While α-Linolenic acid (C18:3) was lowest in eggs of Naked
neck breed as compared to rest of the breeds. But, Naked neck showed higher total lipid
contents as compared to other breeds. During organoleptic evaluation, White Leghorn eggs
showed highest intensity for yolk taste, flavor and mouth feel, whilst, yolk color, aroma and
overall quality remained comparable among different breeds. Likewise, in albumen
organoleptic evaluation, Albumen color was least intense while Albumen Aroma was highest
in Aseel eggs. Albumen taste, flavor and overall quality was highly intense in White Leghorn
as compared to other breeds.
Conclusions
On the basis of the results of the present study it can be concluded that egg geometry was not
affected by genotype variation, however, very interestingly, huge variation was observed
Summary
59
regarding internal egg quality traits, proximate and mineral composition, fatty acid profile as
well as sensory evaluation of the eggs from different chicken breeds.
Suggestions and Recommendations:
Based upon the findings of present study it is suggested for future researchers that:
1. There is a dire need to conduct thorough studies to investigate the genetic basis of
differences among different breeds regarding egg quality attributes.
2. In future breeding plans, egg quality and sensory properties of different breeds must be
kept in mind and incorporated accordingly.
3. Improvement in production performance of indigenous breeds through selection should
be made as these breeds have better egg characteristics and preference by the local
community. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2683-T] (1).
331.
Comparative Studies On Egg Quality, Hematology And Reproductive Traits In Ring Necked And Green Pheasants In Captivity
by Qurat Ul Ain (2014-VA-963) | Dr. Arshad Javid | Dr. Ali Hussain | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ashraf.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Present study was planned to compare egg quality, hematology and reproductive traits in ring necked and green pheasants in captivity. Day-old chicks of both the pheasant species Phasianuscolchicusand P.versicolorwere tagged individually and maintained initially in a room for a period of 4 weeks. The chicks were then transferred to cages provided with separate feeding and drinking facilities to the individual bird. The birds were kept until the 16 weeks of life. The sex of the chicks was predicted at early stages by observing feathers and plumage and was confirmed later at adult ages.
Eggs (n = 100) of both the pheasant species i.e. Phasianuscolchicusand P.versicolorwere collected. Each egg was weighed and its length and breadth was taken. These eggs were divided into three weight groups and were classified as light, medium and heavy category. The length and breadth of each collected egg was taken and surface area, egg volume and shape index were calculated.The egg quality test was performed on freshly collected eggs in the egg quality testing laboratory periodically. The eggs were weighed carefully on electronic digital balance. The albumen and yolk height and width, yolk index, albumen and yolk pH and Haugh unit score were recorded.
During present study, chick weight in ring necked pheasants Phasianuscolchicusand green pheasant P. versicolorfrom day old chick to 6-month stage varied significantly. The average body weight in day old chick weight ranged from20.6±1.35g to 24.50±1.29g.Increase in chick weight in male ring necked pheasants was 24.50±1.29g to 1235.25±101.81g. Similarly increase in female ring necked pheasant was 22.47±1.79gto 1004.75±52.94g.The chick average weight was almost double during 2nd week. Body length was maximum in male green pheasant 5.00±0.81cm during 1st week. However significant (p<0.05) increase in body weight was observed during 1st to 4thweek.Higher increase in average body weight was observed during 6thweek. Significantly (p<0.05) increase in wing length and wing span was also recorded during 6th week. During 7thweek, non-significant differences in body weight were observed between male and female P. colchicus.Overall, minimum increase in chick weight was observed during 21st,22nd and 23rd week and maximum during 6th,7th and 8th week of chick age. The chick weight at hatching in light, medium and heavy egg groups were determined as 19.5g, 21.8g and 22.6g, respectively.
Lowest increase in chick body weight in green pheasants ranged from 20.6±1.35g during 1st week to 837.00±49.45g during 24thweek of its growth. During present study it was determined that hatched chick weight increases with increase in egg weight. After completion of the incubation, the infertile egg percentage was 48% in ring necked pheasant and 42% in green pheasant. Increase in wing length varied significantly in male and female and between both species from day old chick to 6-month stage. The lowest increase in chick’s wing length ranged from 5.37±1.10cm to 33.75±1.70cm in female P. versicolor. Overall minimum increase in wing length was observed during 12thweek and maximum during 2nd,3rd and 6th week of chick age.
During present study, significant differences in various hematological parameters were recorded during different ages of pheasants. RBCs values in P.cholchicusincreased with age, reached a maximum point then decreased. While in P. versicolorthe values decreasedat juvenile stage and then increased to young ages and decreased. However, maximum 4.04±0.6 values for RBCs were recorded in P. versicolorduring 3rd month. In young age,significant (p<0.05) differences in blood biochemical profile of both the pheasant species were observed.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2674-T] (1).
332.
Raakh
by Mustansar Hussain Tarar.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Sang e Meel Publications; 2012Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 891.4393 Mustansar 27207 1st 2012 Novel] (1).
333.
Tareekh e Shahjahan
by Syed Muhammad Hussain | Dr. Burniar.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Mushtaq Book cornor; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.257 Hussain 31996 1st nd History] (1).
334.
Chik Chok
by Mustansar Hussain Tarrar.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications; 2003Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 910.4 Tarrar 20974 1st 2003 Satire] (1).
335.
Effect Of Different Selenium Sources On Nutritive Composition Of Breast And Thigh Meat In Varieties Of Aseel Cockerels
by Muhammad Tayyab (2014-VA-809) | Prof. Dr. Anjum Khalique | Dr. Yasir Allah Ditta | Dr. Jibran Hussain.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Poultry industry is second largest enterprise of Pakistan owing to be a major source of food in terms of meat and egg and shares an enough contribution towards national GDP, livestock growth and mass employment. Indigenous poultry breeds also have been playing important role in fulfilling the protein requirements of people. Aseel is one of the famous breed of Pakistan and distributed throughout the country in its different varieties. Selenium enriched food items are gaining public interest due to health benefits and longer shelf life. Production of such enriched food items is requiring latest knowledge about supplementation of micro minerals in the diet of birds. For this purpose, a study was conducted with basic objective to determine the effect of different selenium sources on meat quality and composition in four varieties and Aseel chicken. Two hundred day old Aseel chickens cockerels were procured from Avian Research and Training Center. After three weeks of brooding and adaptation period, 120 Aseel cockerels were then randomly selected and separated into four groups (40 birds/group/variety), every group was further subdivided into three treatment sub groups (A, B, and C) with 10 birds in each treatment and were assigned three dietary treatments. Aseel cockerels were housed individually in cages system. Group A and B were experimental groups while group C was control. The Aseel chickens were slaughtered at 20 weeks of age and meat of breast and thighs were used for proximate analysis (CP, DM, Ash, Fat) and minerals (micro and macro) determination. Values obtained were used to analyze through two-way ANOVA technique using SAS 9.1 software. Means were compared with DMR test. Result of this study showed that DM% of breast was higher (P≤0.05) in Mushki × SS and of thigh meat higher (P≤0.05) in Peshawari × SS. Similarly, CP of breast meat was higher (P≤0.05) in Lakha × SS and of thigh meat Lakha SY
SUMMARY
54
group and fat of breast was higher in Lakha × SY group and of thigh meat was higher (P≤0.05) in Mianwali × SS group. Varieties differed in macro-minerals i.e., sodium, potassium, phosphorus and calcium shown by Lakha variety in breast meat while magnesium was higher in breast meat of Mianwali. In thigh meat, sodium, potassium, calcium contents were prominent (P≤0.05) in Lakha while magnesium was higher in Mushki variety. However, phosphorus was non-significant in thigh meat. In micro-minerals, selenium contents in breast and thigh meat of Aseel chicken were higher (P≤0.05) in Lakha variety while for copper contents, breast of Lakha and thigh of Mushki variety had higher values (P≤0.05). Zn, ferrous and Mn contents were non-significant in breast meat while in thigh meat, Mn among was higher in Lakha variety. In breast meat, pH, Lightness, Chroma, Hue, Redness and Yellowness were higher in Peshawari, Mushki, organic × lakha, Organic× Mushki, Inorganic × lakha and organic × Mushki groups respectively while, in thigh meat, Mianwali, Mushki ×inorganic selenium, Lakha × inorganic selenium, Peshawari × Organic selenium, Peshawari × inorganic selenium and Lakha × organic selenium had highest values. From above results, we concluded that inorganic selenium is more beneficial in indigenous Aseel chicken as it improve the DM and CP contents while organic selenium is more helpful due to more fat contents in meat of chicken breast and thigh parts. While, Aseel Lakha chicken is strongly recommended for micro and macro mineral enriched meat production.
CONCLUSION
Based upon the finding of the present study it can be concluded that:
Organic selenium helps in improving breast fat and thigh protein in Aseel rooster.
Selenium don’t have any detrimental effect on minerals contents, pH and color of meat of Aseel rooster.
55
Organic selenium better retained in breast and thigh meat than inorganic selenium.
Meat of Lakha Aseel is more nutritive than others varieties fed organic selenium.
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Based upon the result of the present study it is recommended that:
This study would be helpful for poultry meat processing industry because Se not only improve meat quality but also shelf life.
Organic selenium should be added in the diet of chicken to improve the nutritive value of meat.
Lakha and Mushki Aseel should be reared for beneficial effect of meat nutrient on human health.
Selenium yeast enrichment in the Aseel feeds can be very helpful increase in body weight which ultimately increase the profitability. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2729-T] (1).
336.
Effect Of Chicory (Cichorium Intybus L) Roots Powder On Blood Glucose Level Of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats
by Nazish Abid (2012-VA-782) | Dr. Sanaullah Iqbal | Ms. Tahreem Hussain | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: The increasing numbers of elderly people, eating calorie rich diets, obesity and lack of physical activity have increased a great the number of patients with diabetes. Worldwide According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) there were 6.9 million cases of diabetes in Pakistan in 2014 and occurrence of diabetes in adults of 20-79 years of age was 6.8 %.( International Diabetes Federation, cited on January 31, 2015). The feeding on chicory roots decreased the levels of plasma glucose, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and also reduced liver cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipids of diabetic patient. In the present study, it was aimed to utilize a indigenous sources like prebiotics to overcome the representative burden on economy and estimating the outcome of administration of chicory powder for use as a substitute mediator of insulin in the control of diabetes mellitus.
In the present study, chicory roots were cleaned, oven dried and ground to fine powder. The proximate analysis of chicory powder was performed. For feeding trial, thirty two Albino rats 5 to 6 weeks age, almost of same weight and mixed sex were procured and were randomly divided into four groups i.e. (A) Control , (B) Diabetic control, (C) Chicory treated and (D) Metformin treated group containing six rats each (three male and three female). Each group of rats was fed with a high fat diet (20%) for the first 2 weeks of adaptation. Then Diabetes was induced in B, C and D groups of rats by injecting 65mg/kg STZ through intraperitoneally. The diabetic rats of group C and D were then used for chicory intervention (125mg/kg of body weight) and for Metformin medication (500mg/kg body weight) along with normal diet respectively. The blood glucose level and weighing of animals measured initially and then
Summary
39
weekly whereas glucose tolerance test of rats was performed initially and thereafter fortnightly. The feed and water consumption was measured on daily bases.
A significant (p<0.05) difference in blood glucose level was seen among the group B, C and D of rats. A non-significance difference (p>0.05) in blood glucose level was observed when compared between male and female rats of groups A, B, C and D. A significant (p<0.05) difference in live body weight was observed. The group B, C and D showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in live body weight from day 7 to day 28 as compared to group A whereas a non-significant (p>0.05) difference in live body weight of male and female rats of all groups was observed. A significant (p<0.05) difference in glucose tolerance between group C and D was observed whereas a non-significant (p>0.05) difference of glucose tolerance was seen between all male and female rats of groups A, B, C and D while a significant difference (p>0.05) in feed consumption within group A, B, C and D was seen whereas a significant difference (p<0.05) in feed consumption was seen between the subjects. A significant gender difference in feed consumption was observed (p<0.05) between the subjects but within the subjects a non-significant difference was seen. A non-significant (p>0.05) difference was observed within the subjects in water intake whereas significant (p<0.05) difference was seen between the subjects whereas a significant gender difference (p<0.05) was seen between the subject but a non-significant gender difference was observed within the subjects.
It is concluded that Cichoriun intybus root extract can be used as hypoglycemic agent to treat diabetic condition and has no adverse effects on body weight, feed intake and water intake. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2727-T] (1).
337.
Kanzul Hussain
by Syed Ghulam Hussain Rumal.
Edition: 1st.Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Shama Book; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Ghulam 32107 1st nd Islam] (1).
338.
Tadveen e Quran
by Molana Syed Manazar Hussain.
Edition: 1sMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Shama Books ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Manazar 32121 1st nd Islam] (1).
339.
Tadveen e Fiqa
by Alama Syed Manazar Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Shama Books; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Manazar 32119 1st nd Islam] (1).
340.
Kultiat e Mintu 1
by Minto, Saadat Hussain.
Edition: 1st,V.1Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ilam o Irfan; 2014Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 891.439 Minto 32155 1st,V.1 2014 Urdu.Litrature] (5).
341.
Encyclopaedia of fish culture
by Hussain S.M.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: India A.P.H 2002Availability: Items available for loan: Pattoki Library [Call number: Hussain S.M 15308 Vol.2 2002 Pattoki.Library] (1).
342.
Fishing Cartfs and Gears in Opreation Along the Coast of Pakistan
by S. Makhoodm Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2006Availability: Items available for loan: Pattoki Library [Call number: S. Makhoodm 18568 1st 2006 Pattoki.Library] (3).
343.
Fishing Crafts And Gears In Operation Along The Coast
by Hussain.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Availability: Items available for loan: Pattoki Library [Call number: Hussain 18569 1st 2006.Fisheries] (1).
344.
Development And Evaluation Of Vaccines Prepared From Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates Of Camel Mastitis
by Amjad Islam Aqib (2013-VA-947) | Dr. Muhammad Ijaz | Dr. Riaz Hussain | Prof. Dr. Aneela Zameer Durrani | Prof. Dr. Aftab Ahmad Anjum.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Development And Evaluation Of Vaccines Prepared From Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates Of Camel Mastitis Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2750-T] (1).
345.
Clinico Epidemiology of tick Borne Hemoparasitic Diseases Using Single Round And Multiplex PCR Along With their Phylogenetic Analysis In Bovine
by Shahid Hussain Farooqi (2012-VA-447) | Dr. Muhammad Ijaz | Dr. Muhammad Hassan saleem.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: CD Crupt Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2760-T] (1).
346.
Clinico Epidemiology of tick Borne Hemoparasitic Diseases Using Single Round And Multiplex PCR Along With their Phylogenetic Analysis In Bovine
by Shahid Hussain Farooqi (2012-VA-447) | Dr. Muhammad Ijaz | Dr. Muhammad Hassan saleem | Dr. Muhammad Imran Rashid.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: CD Crupt Availability: No items available
347.
Comparative Freestall Occupancy Behavior Of Nili Ravi Buffalo And Holstein Cattle
by Sayyad Hussain Magsi | Dr. Muhammad Qamar Shahid | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Muhammad Naveed-ul-Haque.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Livestock has great economic importance for our country, with 11.6% share to the total GDP of Pakistan (GOP, 2015-2016). It plays a major role in poverty alleviation in rural area of the country. Buffalo is the major milk producing animal. The share of buffalo milk is 61% of the total milk produced in the country (GOP, 2015-16). Buffaloes are managed under traditional housing where these animals are kept tethered most of the time. The lying surface always remains wet with their urine and feces thereby compromising animal production potential and health. Freestall housing is a better housing option with the specific purpose of providing a comfortable place for dairy cattle to lie down while motivating defecation and urination in the alley outside of the freestall. This system of housing in buffalo can improve their performance and needs to be explored.The current trial was conducted at Dairy Animal Training and Research Center, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ravi Campus. The comparative freestall occupancy behavior of Nili Ravi buffaloes and Holstein pregnant heifers had been assessed. Thirty Nili Ravi (primiparous and multiparous) pregnant buffaloes and 30 Holstein pregnant heifers was introduced in a naturally ventilated shed having freestall. These animal were given free choice to sit in the sand bedded freestalls, in alleys with concrete floor or in open area with dirt for seven days and their stall occupancy behavior was observed.In second phase, animals restricted under covered area to forcibly (against one’s will) choose between sand bedded cubicles and concrete alley during night. The descriptive statistics was presented in %age of stall usage for every day till maximum stall filling. The logistic regression was used to compare the effect of parity, and weight on stall usage. Kaplan Meier survival curve was estimated to compare stall occupancy between parity.
When buffaloeswere given free choice to lie in freestall, or on concrete floor alleys or to lie on dirt floor in open area, they preferred to lie in open dirt area as compared to freestalls. When
Holstein heifers were given free choice, initially they preferred to lie in open dirt area but gradually the percentage of lying in freestalls increased. Similarly whenBuffaloes and Holstein heifers were restricted under covered area to forcibly choose between sand bedded cubicles and concrete alley during night, Holstein heifers started to lie in cubicles quickly as compared to buffaloes.Holstein heifers prefer to lie in freestalls when given free choice in comparison to buffaloes. Buffaloes having 4th and 3rd parity started to lie in cubicles earlier as compared to buffaloes having 2nd and 1stparty.This study could provide an important bench mark for freestall housing in buffaloes.
Livestock has great economic importance for our country, with 11.6% share to the total GDP of Pakistan (GOP, 2015-2016). It plays a major role in poverty alleviation in rural area of the country. Buffalo is the major milk producing animal. The share of buffalo milk is 61% of the total milk produced in the country (GOP, 2015-16). Buffaloes are managed under traditional housing where these animals are kept tethered most of the time. The lying surface always remains wet with their urine and feces thereby compromising animal production potential and health. Freestall housing is a better housing option with the specific purpose of providing a comfortable place for dairy cattle to lie down while motivating defecation and urination in the alley outside of the freestall. This system of housing in buffalo can improve their performance and needs to be explored.The current trial was conducted at Dairy Animal Training and Research Center, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ravi Campus. The comparative freestall occupancy behavior of Nili Ravi buffaloes and Holstein pregnant heifers had been assessed. Thirty Nili Ravi (primiparous and multiparous) pregnant buffaloes and 30 Holstein pregnant heifers was introduced in a naturally ventilated shed having freestall. These animal were given free choice to sit in the sand bedded freestalls, in alleys with concrete floor or in open area with dirt for seven days and their stall occupancy behavior was observed.In second phase, animals restricted under covered area to forcibly (against one’s will) choose between sand bedded cubicles and concrete alley during night. The descriptive statistics was presented in %age of stall usage for every day till maximum stall filling. The logistic regression was used to compare the effect of parity, and weight on stall usage. Kaplan Meier survival curve was estimated to compare stall occupancy between parity.
When buffaloeswere given free choice to lie in freestall, or on concrete floor alleys or to lie on dirt floor in open area, they preferred to lie in open dirt area as compared to freestalls. When
Holstein heifers were given free choice, initially they preferred to lie in open dirt area but gradually the percentage of lying in freestalls increased. Similarly whenBuffaloes and Holstein heifers were restricted under covered area to forcibly choose between sand bedded cubicles and concrete alley during night, Holstein heifers started to lie in cubicles quickly as compared to buffaloes.Holstein heifers prefer to lie in freestalls when given free choice in comparison to buffaloes. Buffaloes having 4th and 3rd parity started to lie in cubicles earlier as compared to buffaloes having 2nd and 1stparty.This study could provide an important bench mark for freestall housing in buffaloes.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2766-T] (1).
348.
Comparative Evaluation Of Effect Of Selenium Sources On Growth, Production And Reproduction In Different Varieties Of Indigenous Aseel Chicken
by Muhammad Waseem Zia (2012-VA-652) | Prof. Dr. Anjum khalique | Prof. Dr, Saima | Dr. Jibran Hussain.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Universally, domestic chickens are considered very important due to their better adaptability to the local climatic conditions. Among native poultry breeds of Pakistan, Aseel is a recognized native breed used mostly for backyard poultry production and is famous for its appreciable degree of resistance to various diseases as compared with commercial exotic poultry breeds. In many communities, native chickens are considered very important in breaking the vicious poverty cycle. This breed contains genes and alleles appropriate to their adaptation to the specific environment. On the basis of its characteristic of producing good quality meat, Aseel chicken can be used and further improved as a meat type bird. However, the main limitation in its propagation is its slower growth rate, poorer egg production, smaller egg size, lower fertility and hatchability.Selenium (Se) is an essential micro-mineral for poultry which exists in organic and inorganic forms. Organic Se is reported to be more bio-available which improves the growth performance, productive and reproductive potential of poultry resulting in better egg and meat production as well as the quality. Despite having considerable capabilities, inadequate research work has been so far conducted on Aseel that may be the main bottleneck towards increasing its overall production. In this study, there was a focus on the improvement of growth, productive and reproductive potential of Aseel; also for the development of functional poultry products (eggs and meat, enriched with Se). The present study was planned with the main objectives to investigate the influence of organic (Se-enriched yeast: SY) and inorganic (sodium selenite: SS) Se dietary supplements on growth performance, nutrient utilization, blood biochemical profile, slaughter characteristics, tissue Se concentration, rearing expenditures andmortality as well as the production traits including egg production, egg quality/geometry, hatching traits and egg Se concentration in four recognized varieties namely Lakha, Mushki, Peshaweri and Mianwaliof indigenous Aseel chicken. The study comprised two main experiments conducted at the Indigenous Chicken Genetic Resource Centre (ICGRC), Department of Poultry Production, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Ravi campus, Block-C, Pattoki with the objectives to explore theimpact of dietary Se addition, influence of varieties and their interaction on overall performance of Aseel chickens. For this purpose, in the first experiment, 240 three-week-aged birds (120 males and 120 females) were distributed in a randomized complete block design into four groups, 60/variety (30 males + 30 females). These birds of either sex were further subdivided into three treatment groups A, B and C according to the nature of diet (SY added, SS added and without Se added) with 10 birds/treatment and each treatment was replicated 10 times with one bird in each replicate. Data thus collected were subjected to analysis of variance techniques in a randomized complete block design and means were compared using Duncan’s Multiple Range test. The studies regarding overall response to Se supplementation for growth performance depicted substantial influence. Dietary addition with SY increased the nutrient retention, feed conversion, body weight and decreased the mortality and rearing expenditures, especially in the males of Lakha variety. All body measurementswere improved in the birds received SY supplemented diet, the SY-fed males of Lakha exhibited better response compared to rest of the treatments.SY addition significantly increased the values of glucose, triglyceride, globulin, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in blood serum, while significantly decreased levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol, and thyroxine (T4) in the serum were observed in SY-fed birds, especially in the birds of Lakha and Peshaweri varieties. However, total protein and albumin values in the serumwere foundunaffected by Se supplementation. The significant variations in the slaughtering traits were observed; SY inclusion presented improved live final body weight, dressing weight, dressing percent, eviscerated weight, eviscerated percent and giblet weight. Selenium uptake by the chest and thigh muscles was also enhanced in the male birds of Lakha and Mushki varieties exposed to SY added diet. The rearing cost of the birds in SY-fedgroup was noticed lower than the cost recorded for those got SS supplemented or control diet. The males of Lakha in this regard presented the least rearing cost on receiving SY supplemented diet.
The second experiment was also conducted with the objectives to compare the influence of organic and inorganic Se inclusion, varieties and their interaction on productive performance, egg geometry/quality traits, reproductive performance and the egg Se contents in Aseel. For this purpose, 96 twenty-one-weeks old birds (84 females and 12 Males) from Lakha, Mushki, Peshaweri and Mianwali varieties of Aseel were selected and distributed under randomized complete block design into three groups, 24/variety (21 females + 3 males); further subdivided into three treatment groups, 7 females and 1 male in each treatment according to Se treatments (SY, SS and control) and each treatment was replicated 7 times with one bird in each replicate. Each bird was regarded as an experimental unit. The data thus collected were subjected to analysis of variance in a randomized complete block design and means were compared using Duncan’s Multiple Range test. The results showed that the females of Mianwali variety fed with SY supplemented ration exhibited higher feed intake, enhanced body weight and gained sexual maturity earlier; furthermore, Mianwali variety exhibited better egg production, showed higher egg weight and egg mass. FCR/dozen eggs, FCR/kg egg mass were as observed to be higher in the females of Peshaweri variety. Egg Se concentration was higher in the SY supplemented group as compared with SS or control groups.Dietary Se supplementation significantly influenced the shape index, yolk index, Haugh Units and eggshell thickness. However, non-significant variations were observed in Haugh Units among the females of all varieties. Interaction results presented the significant differences in egg breadth, egg length, egg volume, egg weight, egg shape index, egg shell thickness, yolk index and Haugh Units in the females of all varieties; with significantly higher values in the females of Mianwali variety exposed to SY added ration.The reproductive performance pertaining to hatching traits depicted that the Se supplements, varieties and their interaction influenced the hatching traitssignificantly. The SY-fed females of Peshaweri presented the decreased dead germ percent, dead in shell percent and clear egg percent compared with the females got SS supplemented ration or unsupplemented control ration. Improved hatchability percent and the hatch of fertile percent were noticed in the females of SY supplemented group than those of SS or control groups and the greatest increase was recorded in the females of Peshaweri variety. Similarly, enhanced body weights by the newly hatched chicks of Peshaweri and Mianwali varieties were observed fed with SY supplemented ration and also in the interaction, significant results were recorded.
9.1 CONCLUSIONS
Based upon the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that all four varieties of indigenous Aseel responded positively to the dietary addition with SY supplements of Se regarding growth performance of Aseel, especially in the male birds of Lakha variety. SY supplementation also showed the better results regarding productive and reproductive performance, especiallyin the females of Mianwali and Peshaweri varieties with more promising results. Moreover, SY addition displayed the substantial results in shape of production of functional foods such as Se-enriched eggs and meat.
9.2 SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
In future, indigenous Aseel chicken raising programs should be given due emphasis while proceeding for poultry farming by using native breeds of poultry.
9.2.1 Recommendations for the farmers
Keeping in mind the results of this study, here are some recommendations for the poultry farmers.
1. Due to the large body size of Aseel and a good ability to show resistance against a variety of infectious diseases, many poultry farmers want to rear and use Aseel as a parent flock for further breeding but are hesitant to go for that because of its slow growth. Slow growth is due to its low feed nutrient utilization and consequently slow gain in body weight. Lower production performance is mainly due to its late sexual maturity, long pauses and short clutch size.In the current situation,the strategic inclusion of Se in the diets of Aseel, being the effective technology, can help the farmers overcome the problems of slow growth and low productive performance in Aseel by synchronizing and consequently bringing the Aseel birds into better growth and production. It can help the farmers to get the production of the Aseel birds, according to their need and situations.
2. In the current study, SY has been substantiated to improve the reproductive performance of Aseel, hence can be used further to elucidate the very old concern of lower fertility and hatchability in Aseel parent flock consequently improving progeny size.
3. Keeping in view the above, the Aseel can be used as a feasible option for the poultry business by enhancing its sluggish growth rate and lower production potential through Se supplementation as well as to lower fertility and hatchability through the supplementation of organic Se supplement (SY) in the diet. Ultimately, it will be remained supportive towards the revival of open- sided poultry farms that have become closed after the trend to establish the environmentally controlled sheds and are lying vacant from a long time.
9.2.2 Suggestions for the researchers
1. In the current study, the fixed levels ofSe supplements were used for supplementation, whereas future researchers can work on different levels of it.
2. Further trials may be planned to check the subsequent effects of different sources of Se supplements on the biochemical profile of meat and eggs; also the immune response in the chicks from hens reared on Se supplemented diets.
3. The evaluation of semen quality in Aseel males and the impact of artificial insemination in the hens by the semen received from Se treated males of Aseel can also be studied.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2780-T] (1).
349.
Comparative Efficacy Of Natural And Synthetic Anti-Stressorson Growth Performance, Carcass Cut-Up Yield, Meat Quality And Physiological Response During Cyclic Heat Stress In Broilers
by Ali Aslam Bhatti (2015-VA-429) | Dr. Shahid Mehmood | Mr. Faisal Hussain | Dr. M. Afzal Rashid.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Global warming is causing severe effects on climatic condition of Pakistan. The temperature during summer reaches more than 50oC, causing problem to control inside temperature of poultry houses. To overcome the negative effects of heat stress, different (synthetic) anti-stressors are being used in poultry industry. A total of 360 day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were procured from the commercial hatchery and were placed according to Completely Randomized Design. These birds were subjected to “Cyclic Heat Stress” of 35±1oC and 75±5% relative humidity for 8 hours per day in the last two weeks (4th and 5th). During this period, 5 dietary treatments {Control, Chia Seed (5g/kg), Turmeric powder (5g/kg), Betaine (3g/kg) and Vitamin C (650mg/kg)} were supplemented through feed. All the treatments were replicated 6 times with 12 birds per replicate. The effect of these treatments were evaluated for growth performance,carcass cut-up yield, meat quality,physiological response and lipid-oxidation profile of broilers exposed to cyclic heat stress. The data collected were analyzed through Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique with the help of SAS 9.4 for Windows x64 based systems. The means were compared with Duncan’s Multiple Range (DMR) test.The results of present studyshowed that bird supplemented withChia Seed had significantly highestbody weight, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiencyand production number. Whereas, Betainesupplemented birds had highest feed consumption. Similarly, in carcass yield and meat quality Turmeric supplemented birds had higher head (%), neck (%), meat color at 2 hr meat color 24 hr and cholesterol, while, Chia Seed supplementation resulted in higher breast (%). Different anti-stressors like Chia Seed and Turmeric showed better antioxidant status of broiler meat.
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings of the present study it can be concluded that:
1. Broilers supplemented with Chia Seed had better growth performance, breast yield and economics.
2. Turmeric supplementation had showed decreased cholesterol level, better meat quality and minimum drip loss (%).
3. Betaine supplementation had showed better feed consumption and apparently better immune status of broilers.
4. Turmeric and Chia Seed had showed better antioxidant status in broilers meat.
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
Suggestion for future researcher
Present study has focused on comparison of different anti-stressors for growth performance, meat quality, blood metabolites and immune status. Based on the findings and personal experience here are few suggestions for future researchers.
1. Future researcher may investigate different inclusion levels of Chia Seed, Turmeric and other natural anti-stressors or their phase feeding for better growth performance and meat quality during heat stress.
2. Future researchers should also investigate the gene expression and heat shock proteins followed by supplementations of different anti-stressors.
3. Chia Seed has good fatty acid and Turmeric has good antioxidant profile, so future researchers may also work on the meat fatty acid and antioxidant profile.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2789-T] (1).
350.
Comparison Of Carcass Traits And Meat Quality Characteristics Of Four Commercial Broiler Strains Available In Pakistan
by Iftikhar Hussain Badar (2004-VA-38) | Dr. Muhammad Hayat Jaspal | Dr. Sher Ali | Prof. Dr. Anjum Khalique.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: During the last five decades intensive research in the genetic selection resulted in significant improvement in broiler performance. Modern trends in poultry processing lead to a point where success is based on better cut up yield, as a result breeding companies have developed several marketable broiler strains .In Pakistan there are four broiler strains i.e. Hubbard®, Arbor acre®, Ross® and Cobb®. Presently general perception in the industry is that Ross and Cobb strains have higher boneless yield owing to relatively heavy breast as compared to Hubbard. In a country like Pakistan, where only imported strains of broiler are being used, comparative evaluation of different broiler strains and expression of their potential under climatic condition of Pakistan is necessary for mutual benefit of farmers, processors and consumers.
The present study was conducted at department of Meat Science and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore.Total 360 birds from four broiler strains were divided into three body weight categories (Low 1800±50 g, Medium 2100±50 g, and Heavy 2400±50).These birds were procured from R&D Farm, Hi-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 18 km Raiwind Road, Lahore for slaughtering under Randomized Complete Block Design.
For slaughtering, each bird was tagged and transported in specific crates. After bleeding, birds were de-feathered, deskinned and weighed to record deskinned weight. The birds were eviscerated and after removal of heads and shanks birds weighed again to record the carcass weight. After Chilling the carcasses were processed in deboning hall, the birds were weighed and cut in to major parts i.e. first as legs, whole breast, neck, back and wings. Then legs were further cut into drumsticks and thighs.Then each part was deboned to get weight of boneless meat of each cut. Percentage of boneless meat of specific part on the basis of carcass weight was calculated.
The pH of the meat was recorded from pectoralis major muscle with the help of pH meter.Color wasmeasured from the same breast fillet used to measure pH, for drip loss percentage six breast fillet were randomly selected from each strain and each body weight category after deboning.For marination total 18 breast fillet were selected randomly of each body weight category of every strain.
The Cobb broilers showed highest dressing (%). The skin and feathers (%), offals (%), legs (%), drumstick (%), back (%), neck (%), wings (%), leg meat (%) and drumstick boneless (%) were highest in Hubbard broilers. The Hubbard and Arbor acre broilers showed highest thigh (%) and boneless thigh meat (%). The Ross broilers had highest whole breast (%), outer fillet (%), inner fillet (%), wing boneless (%) and total boneless meat (%).Among different broiler strains, Cobb broilers showed significantly higher pH at 4hr and Hubbard showed highest pH after 24 hour .The Ross broilers had significantly higher L* as compared to the other strains.Among different broiler strains Cobb and Ross showed significantly higher drip loss (%),marinade uptake (%) and brine loss (%) as compared to Arbor acre and Hubbard. Whereas, cooking loss (%) and shear force value with marination was significantly higher in Ross broilers.Among different strains, Hubbard broilers had highest cooking yield after marination as compared to rest of strains.
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the present study it can be concluded that:
1. Ross, Cobb and Arbor Acre strains showed better dressing percentage as compared to Hubbard.
2. The Ross broilers has highest whole breast (%) followed by those of Cobb, Arbor acre and Hubbard and among different body weight categories lowest body weight broilers (1800g) has highest breast (%).
3. The Ross broilers showed highest fillet (%) followed by those of Cobb, Arbor acre and Hubbard and among different body weight categories highestbody weight broilers (2400g) has highest breast fillet (%).
4. The Hubbard broilers showed highest whole legs and boneless leg meat (%) followed by those of Arbor Acre and least in Ross and Cobb broilers.
5. The Ross broilers had highest total boneless (%) followed by those of Arbor acre, Cobb, and Hubbard.
6. Hubbard broilers has highest cooking yield after marination as compared to rest of strains.
7. Marination has improved cooking yield and tenderness of meat in all strains.
8. Yellow shank strains ( Ross and Cobb) showed better dressing percentage, whole breast yield, fillet yield and total boneless yield as compared to the white shank strain ( Hubbard)
9. White shank strain (Hubbard) showed better legs meat yield and cooking yield after marination as compared to yellow shank strains (Ross and Cobb).
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2794-T] (1).
