1.
Comparative Study On The Performance Of Ross-1 And Avian Male And Female Parent Meat Lines With Commercial Broiler
by Mahmood Akhtar | Dr. Muhammad Saleem Chaudhary | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: This experiment was designed to compare different male and female progeny of the opposite male and female grand parent meat line breeders of ROSS-I and AVIAN strains with commercial broiler chicks of the same strains.
The objective of the experiment was to ascertain the genetic potential for the growth of these different lines of strains and their use as a commercial broiler.
The following observations were recorded on; Average feed consumption, Average weekly body weight gain, Average feed efficiency, Average dressing percentage, Mortality (if any) and Economics of meat production.
A total of 180 one -day old chicks purchased from local market were divided into six groups i.e. A having male chicks of female grand parent meat line of Ross-I strain, B having female chicks of male grand parent meat line of Ross strain, C having commercial broiler chicks of Ross strain, D having male chicks of female grand parent meat line of Avian strain, E having female chicks of male grand parent line of Avian strain and F having commercial broiler chicks of Avian strain. Chicks were reared for a period of 42 days (6 weeks) under identical managemental conditions. Same rations (Starter and Finisher) were fed to all the groups.
The results indicated that there was difference (P<0.01) in feed consumption among various groups. Group E containing female chicks of the male grand parent line of Avian strain consumed highest feed (3997 gms) during 0-42 days. It was also noted that weight gain amongst all the groups from 0 to 42 days was different (P<0.01). Highest weight gain was recorded in group E having female chicks of the male grand parent meat line of Avian strain.
The FCR of groups A, B, C, D, E and F during starter and during finisher phase was difference (P<0.05). However, the efficiency of feed utilization was highest in group E. Dressing percentage of different groups was not different (P> 0.05).
The economic evaluation of all the six groups for meat production showed that the birds of group E having female chicks of male grand parent line of Avian strain proved to be the most economical whereas birds of groups B having females of male grand parent line of Ross strain proved 2nd during grading.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The overall picture of the trail reveals that male and female progeny of the opposite male and female grand parent lines can be used as commercial broilers.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0525,T] (1).
2.
Effect Of Egg Storage Time Under Specific Temperature And Humidity On Fertility And Hatchability Of Japanese Quail
by Atta Ullah Khan Lehri | Dr. Muhammad Saleem Chaudhary | Dr. Muhammad Aslam Bhatti | Dr. Nisar.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: This project was planned to study the effect of storage time under specific temperature and humidity on fertility and hatchability of Japanese quail eggs.
A tota1 of' six hundred and thirty (630') eggs were purchased from a local breeding farm. Alter collection the eggs were cleaned and stored at specific temperature (18 °C) and humidity (75%). Eggs were equally divided into six groups i.e. A, B, C, D, E. and F having 105 eggs in each group and each group was further subdivided into three replicates having 35 eggs each. They were stored upto 4th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 16th and 19th day, prior to incubation. After incubation the effect of six different storage periods was studied on the various traits i.e. fertility percentage, hatchability percentage, clear eggs and dead in shell.
Statistical analysis of the data revealed that no differences were observed amongst the groups in case of fertility (P> 0.05) but in case of hatchability there were differences (P<O.O1) among the groups. The results also showed differences (P<O.O1) in dead in shell and no differences were observed in clear eggs.
The overall results, showed that as the storage time increased the Fertility and hatchability percentage decreased. This decrease was significant only in case of hatchability. However results were opposite in case of clear eggs and dead in shell percentage. It was seen that as the storage time increased the clear eggs and dead in shell percentage also increased.
The overall result, showed that as the storage time increased the hatchability percent decreased.
CONCLUSION
By having overall view of the present study it is concluded that for getting best results, quil eggs should not be stored for a longer time. However, for achieving best results the eggs may be set for incubation after every 3rd or 4th day.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0526,T] (1).
3.
Effect Of Water Restriction On The Conmsistency Of Droppings And On Subsequesnt Performance Of Broilers
by Afzal Sher, M | Dr. Muhammad Saleem Chaudhary | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: Spoilage of water and watery droppings are major factors responsible for the accumulation of excessive moisture in the poultry houses. This moisture will be deposited into the litter. Resultantly the litter becomes too wet, which in turn creates managemental problems and economic losses to the industry. Watery droppings are produced, when birds consume water beyond their metabolic requirements, because excretion of water with the faeces is almost directly proportional to the intake of water. The present study was designed to overcome this problem by restricting the water to the birds and to investigate its effects on the consistency of droppings, weight, gain, feed consumption, FCR, water intake, water: feed ratio, mortality and haematologi cal parameters.
The experiment was carried out at Poultry Experimental Station, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore for a period of 6 weeks i.e. from 30-10-1996 to 10-12-1996. One hundred and eighty, one day old "Hubbard" broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 groups i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F, comprising 30 chicks in each. Each group was further sub-divided into 3 replicates. These groups were given water in such a way that group NA" was offered full water and the rest of the groups were given 95, 90, 85, 80 and 75% respectively of the requirement. All the groups were reared in battery brooders under optimum environmental and managemental conditions. Same rations (starter and finisher) were fed to them. The source of water was also the same throughout the trial. They were vaccinated according to the recommended standard schedule.
From second week, onwards, moisture contents of the faeces were estimated on weekly basis. It was examined that each increment of water deprivation resulted in drier faeces and lower Water: feed ratio than the control. Statistically differences (P<0.01) of weight gain, moisture contents of the excreta, FCR, water: feed ratio and blood values were recorded among the groups. The best performance was evaluated in group C and the poorest in group F. Waler stresses did not affect mortality, only 3 birds died during the whole study. Feed consumptions was found to be non-significant. Commercially these results will be helpful in controlling watery dropping, without lowering meat production, saving of water, labour and sewerage cost in poultry operations.
CONCLUSION
Excreta moisture can be minimized from 1.6 to 5.2% without affecting production and economics.
RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recornmenj, that water consumption can be reduced from 5% to 10% in a relatively cooler environment during starter and finisher phase. Reducting the water intake 15% or more had deleterious effect on the performance of broilers.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0530,T] (1).
4.
Effect Of Mating Ratio And Age On Fertility And Hatchability In Japanese Quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica)
by Col.Shabbir Ahmad | Dr. Muhammad Saleem Chaudhary | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: The present project was planed to study the effect of mating ratio and age on fertility and hatchability in Japanese quails.
The production of fertile eggs was found to relate to the number of males present in a flock. Fertility and hatchability of eggs was directly influenced by sex ratio and age of birds. However, very little information in this regard is available.
One hundred and seventy four males and four hundred twenty six females quails of 4 weeks age were purchased from the local market. They were divided into five equal mating groups i.e. A, B, C, D and E comprising 120 quails in each group. Each group was further divided into 2 sub groups i.e. Al, A2, Bi, B2, Cl, C2, Dl, D2 and El, E2. The mating ratio of males and females in the respective groups was 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5. Birds were reared for a period of two weeks i.e. 5-6 weeks of age under similar environments on floor, then they were transferred to battery cages and were kept there upto the age of 16 weeks.
To assess the ideal parental age for optimal fertility and hatchability, hatching eggs from a single hatch breeding flock between 7 and 16 weeks of age were set twice in a week The mean hatching performance of the eggs set during 7 to 8, 9 to 10, 11 to 12, 13 to 14 and 15 to 16 weeks of age were recorded separately.
The unhatched eggs were opened on the day 18 and examined
macroscopically to identify the infertile eggs, embryonic mortality, fertility and hatchability of fertile eggs set were calculated.
Identical environmental and managemental conditions were provided to all the experimental birds. They were fed on commerca1 ration -libitum. Clean and fresh water was made available at all times. Light was provided 24 h during rearing time and 16 h during breeding period. Standard rearing, breeding and hatching management procedures were followed throughout the study period.
The following data was recorded:
Weight of birds at the start of experiment, Feed consumption, Average body weightlbirds on weekly basis, Feed conversion ratio, Mortality if any, Fertility percentage and Hatchability percentage.
The data collected was statistically analysed using 5 x 5
Factorial design.
The quail chicks at 4 weeks age weighed on an average 98 gm/bird and within a period of two weeks rearing gained on an average a body weight of 134.1 gm/bird. The weight gradually increased with age. The final body weight at the age week 16, under ratio 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 was 130.5, 186.5, 188.0, 189.5, 191.5 and 193.5 gm respectively, the overall mean value being 189.8 gm/bird.
The difference in average weight/bird in various groups has been due to the difference in the number of females. The females weighed heavier than the males consequently the groups having smaller number of females were lighter in weight than the groups having higher number of females.
The percentage weekly increase in body weight was 37.6, 12.76 and 8.27% at age weeks 7, 8 and 9 respectively. Further increase in body weight from age week 10 to 16, ranged between 0.9 and 4.7. The rearing of Japanese quail beyond age weeks 8 or 9 for meat purposes will not be economical. The egg fertility was the highest at age weeks 13-14 (80.73%) followed by 15-16 (72.34%) 11-12 (7 1.12%), 9-10 (63.57%) and 7-8 weeks (56-20%), all being statistically different from one another. The mating ratio (1:1 to 1:5) showed statistically significant effect on egg fertility, which ranged between 58.16 to
8 1.12%, the maximum being at mating ratio of 1:2 and the minimum at 1:5.
The mating ratio and age have been found to have significant effect on egg hatchability, it was maximum at age weeks 13-14 (67.46%) and the minimum at age weeks 7-8 (41-23%). Similarly mating ratio 1:2 resulted in the maximum (66.08) and mating ratio 1:5 showed the minimum (48.73%) egg hatchability.
The results of present study have led to the conclusion that egg fertility and hatchability were highest at age week 13-14 and at mating ratio 1:2.
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5.
Studies On The Effect Of N.Fac-1000 As Stress Reducer Under High Population Density In Broilers
by Riaz, M | Dr . Muhammad Saleem Chaudhry | Dr . Muhammad Aslam Bhatti | Dr . Saghir.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: The effect of N.Fac-1000 was studied on weight gain, feed consumed, feed conversion, dressing percentage and bone meat ratio on broiler with regards to stocking density under the prevailing Pakistani climatic condition.
Three hundred and sixty one day old broiler chicks were obtained from a commercial hatchery and were fed on commercial broiler starter ration upto 28 days, and finisher upto 42 days - libitum. The chicks were divided into 6 groups as A, B and C supplemented with N.Fac-1000 (treatment groups) and D, E and F without supplementation (control group) and reared at 1.0 Sq.ft, 0.75 Sq.ft and 0.50 Sq.ft respectively.
During the course of study, the birds were weighed weekly and their weekly feed consumption was also recorded. The FCR was also calculated. At the end of experiment 3 birds from each replicate were slaughtered and dressed to determine the dressing percentage and bone meat ratio. The economics of the project was also calculated.
The results indicated that the weight gain in groups fed on ration containing N.Fac-1000 were significantly better as compared to those fed on ration without N.Fac-1000 supplementation. Similarly difference space densities also showed effect on the effect the weight gain of the birds. It was also observed that a maximum gain in body weight was observed at 6th week in the chicks fed on ration supplemented with N.Fac-1000.
The feed consumption in groups fed on ration supplemented with N.Fac-1000 showed significantly better results as compared to those fed on ration without N.Fac-1000 supplementation. There was also a significant difference among different groups of birds regarding feed consumption provided 1.00, 0.75 and 0.50 Sq.ft of space. It was also observed that feed consumption increase with the increase of age of birds.
The FCR in groups fed on ration supplemented with N.Fac1000 showed better results as compared to those fed on ration without N.Fac-1000 supplementation. There was also significant difference among different groups of birds regarding FCR. Significant difference in F.C.R. was also observed regarding increase of age from 0-6 weeks.
A significant difference could not be observed amongst the bird so far as dressing percentage and bone meat ratio on concerned.
While calculating the economics it was observed that the groups supplemented with N.Fac-1000 showed better performance compared with the control group.
It was concluded from this study that stress due to reduced floor spacing can be minimized with the addition of a stress reduce i.e. N.Fac-1000 in the ration of the birds.
The overall picture of the results as depicted from the mean and ANOVA tables indicated that the birds fed on ration supplemented with N.Fac-1000 showed significantly better performance. They gained significantly better weight, consumed less feed, had better FCR, dressing percentage find bone meat ratio than the control group. The order ofmerit was also as A, B and C.
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6.
A Study On The Effects Of Different Photperiods On The Performance Of Coturnix Coturnix Japonica (Japanese Quails)
by Khalid Mahmood | Ch Muhammad Saleem | Dr Muhammad Aslam Bhatti | Dr Saghir.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1985Dissertation note: The study was aimed to find out the effect of different photoperiods on body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, age at first egg laid, mortality and dressing percentage of Japanese quails (coturnix coturnix Japonica) . The photoperiods provided were natural day light, 6 hours light and 18 hours darkness, 10 hours light and 14 hours darkness and 14 hours light and 10 hours darkness to groups A, B, C and D respectively.
One hundred and eighty, one day old quail chicks were divided into four groups comprising 45 birds each. These groups were further sub-divided into three replicates of 15 birds each. They were provided 25 sq. inches floor space per bird and fed ad-libiturn on a ration containing 26% protein throughout the study period of 70 days. Feeding, watering, environmental and manage mental conditions were made identical for all the birds. The average live weight of the quails recorded at the end of the 10th week was 161.25 gms., 134.52 gms., 165.59 gms., and 186.33 gms., with feed consumption of 870, 699, 882, and 1031 gms., for the groups A, B, C and D respectively. A highly significant difference was observed for weight gain among all the groups except groups A and C. For feed consumption a highly significant difference (P/0.0l) was observed in groups B and D while the difference in groups A and D was significant (PL0.05) and no significant difference was noticed in groups A and C, because of almost equal hours of light. The feed conversion ratio was 5.68, 5.53, 5.60 and 5.79 for groups A, B, C and D respectively, and no significant difference was observed among all the groups.
The age in days at which the first egg laid was 55, 69, 58 and 51 in groups A, B, C and D respectively. The mortality percentage was 16.00, 33.55, 13.33 and 11.00 and the mean dressing percentages recorded at the end of experiment were 62.5, 63.0, 62.7 and 64.0 for groups A, B, C and D respectively. No significant difference was observed for dressing percentage in all the groups.
CONCLUSION
From the results of the present study it was concluded that Japanese quails can be reared economically and efficiently under natural day light throughout the year in Punjab for table purpose. It is advisable to market the broiler quails at 6 weeks of age as keeping them longer is uneconomical.
However, if the quails are to be kept for breeding purpose, at least 14 hours continuous light per day should be given in order to attain early sexual maturity and onset of egg production.
It is suggested that the study should be extended upto two successive generations to assess the productive potential of Japanese quails in detail under local environmental conditions of Pakistan.
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7.
Effect Of Different Egg Storage Periods Temperature And Humidity On Fertility And Hatchability Of Broiler Breeder
by Azher Javed, Malik | Mr. Athar Mehmood | Dr. Muhammad Aslam Bhatti | Dr. Talat.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2001Dissertation note: This project was made to study the effect of different egg storage periods, temperatures and humidity on fertility and humidity of broiler breeder eggs.
A total of 200 eggs were obtained from (lie flock of 32 weeks of age oil a single day collection basis. After collection eggs were cleaned, fumigated and stored on different temperatures (4°C, I 6°C ambient and room temperature) and groups A, B, C, D and E and relative humidity of 80%. Eggs were equally divided into five groups. Each group was further subdivided into 4 replicates having 10 eggs each Group A (consists of 40 eggs 10 from each temperature) was set in incubator after the storage of one day as a control group for comparing with the other four groups. The rest of the four groups were set after the storage of 3, 6, 9 and I 2 (lays. Alter incubation, the effect of five different storage periods on four different temperatures was studied for the following various traits, i.e. fertility percentage, hatchability percentage, clear eggs percentage, dead in shell % and chick weight. The results showed that as the storage period increases on different temperatures 4oC, 16oC ambient and room temperatures it effect the hatchability (P<0.01%). Hatchability decreases after the storage of 6 days. Fertility and clear eggs were not effected by increase of storage length. In case of dead in shell it was observed that as the storage time increases the dead in shell increase significantly (P<0.01%). The results of chick weight Storage of eggs is very important from hatchery as well as farmer economic point of view. By storing eggs under better environment, both the producer and consumer achieve the healthy and quality chicks.
Thus the objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of different eggs storage time under different temperatures and humidity on fertility and hatchability of boiler breeder eggs.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0815,T] (1).
