1.
Comparision Of Synchronization Protocols On Estrus, Follicular Dynamics, Ovulation Time And Conception Rate in Sahiwal Cows
by Mubbashar Hassan | Prof. Dr. Nasim Ahmad | Dr. Aijaz Ali Channa | Dr. Aneela.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Sahiwalcow is one of the established milch breed of zebu cattle (Bosindicus), known for heat tolerance and tick resistance in tropical and subtropical region which has its origin in Pakistan.Average milk yield is about 1500-2200 liters per lactation with 4.5% contents of fat (Shah, 1994).The population of Sahiwal cattle in Pakistan is decreasing over the past few decades due to change in agriculture system, indiscriminate crossbreeding and preference for buffalo. To minimize the cross breeding of Sahiwal cows, efforts have been made for its conservation, through management and genetic improvement. Significant genetic improvement, through artificial insemination(A.I) has been made. Fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) has emerged in recent times which usually performed in association with a variety of estrus and ovulation synchronization protocols.Synchronization of estrus is actually the manipulation of estrous cycle or induction of estrus to bring large group of females in estrus at a programmed time. Three synchronization protocols were compared. In PG group, each animal was treated with luteolytic dose of PGF2? (d-Cloprostenol 0.150 mg; Dalmazine, Fatro®, Ozzano Emilia Italy; 2 ml; i.m) on random stage of the estrous cycle. In OVS group each cow received an intramuscular injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH; 50 mcg of a GnRH analogue, DalmarelinTMFatro®, Italy; 2 ml; i.m) on random stage of estrus cycle (day 0). On day 7 these cows were treated with PGF2? (d- cloprostenol 0.150 mg; Dalmazine, Fatro®, Ozzano Emilia Italy; 2 ml; i.m), followed by second injection of GnRH on day 9. In CIDR group, each animal received an intravaginal Controlled Internal Drug Releasing Device (CIDR™; 1.38 g progesterone Eazibreed™; InterAg, Hamilton, New Zealand) on random stage of estrus cycle that was considered as day 0 of treatment. CIDR was removed on day 7 and on day 6 cows were injected with luteolytic dose of PGF2? (d-cloprostenol 0.150 mg; Dalmazine, Fatro®, Ozzano Emilia Italy; 2 ml; i.m).Estrus response and estrus intensity are higher in CIDR group but ovulation rate is less in CIDR and high in PG and OVS group. Timing of ovulation is shortest in OVS group as compared to other groups. Pregnancy rate are also high in OVS group. Therefore it is concluded that Ovsynch protocol is helpful to improve ovulation and pregnancy rate in Sahiwal cows.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1827,T] (1).
2.
Effect Of Trehalose On Cryopreservation Of Sahiwal Bull Spermatozoa
by Zohaib Ashraf | Dr. Aijaz ali channa | Prof .Dr. Aneela | Prof. DR. Nasim ahmad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1948,T] (1).
3.
Effect Of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin (Bst) On Antral Follicular Population Plasma Igf-1 Concentration
by Omer Waqas | Dr. Amjad Riaz | DR | Dr. Aijaz Ali Channa.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2116,T] (1).
4.
Effect Of Molting On Reproductive Performance Of Indigenous Aseel Chicken
by Bashir Ahmad Khan (2013-VA-447) | Dr. Aijaz Ali Channa | Dr. Amjad Riaz | Prof. Dr. Athar Mahmud.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: The native breeds of Aseel chicken are playing vital role by producing organic meat and eggs. The Aseel chicken breed has some advantage as compared to other native breeds like, Lyallpur Silver black and Desi for their growth traits. However the growth and production traits need to be enhanced. There is no commercial farming system of Aseel chicken due to its poor fertility and hatchability. To overcome these problems the breeding roosters must be physiologically elite having excellent semen quality for better growth and egg production. The objective of this study was to enhance the semen quality, fertility and hatchability of Aseel roosters by the process of induced molting. For this purpose molting was induced in the 3 old males. There were three groups of Aseel Lakha cockerels’ i.e. molted, non-molted and fresh. The research was performed at Indigenous Genetic Resource Center (ICGRC), Department of Poultry Production, Ravi Campus, Pattoki.
To evaluate the impact of induced molting on semen quality, fertility and hatchability followed by natural mating of females to get better fertility and hatchability in eggs. Six Aseel roosters up to 60 weeks of age having 3.5 to 4kg body weight were divided into two groups’ as molted and non-molted. Third group of fresh birds more than 30 weeks of age were selected in this experiment as control. In one older group molting was induced by feed restriction. After completion of molting, two weeks rest was given to birds to recover body weight. These birds were trained for semen collection by abdominal massage method for two weeks. Semen was brought to the laboratory for evaluation after collection in all three groups. The significant difference (P < 0.05), was observed for volume, concentration, motility, livability and morphological defects in molted, non-molted and fresh groups. Eggs collected from the females mated with three groups were stored at 40C for two weeks. After that these
Summary
26
fertility, infertile eggs, and dead germs, dead in shell and hatchability% were recorded in three experimental groups. There was significant difference (P < 0.05), between fertility % infertile eggs % dead germs % and hatchability %. It is concluded that the semen quality is improved by the process of induce molting. Further egg sets from the females mated with induced molted males’ yielded better fertility (77%) and hatchability (54.1%) in indigenous Aseel chicken so induced molting is a better tool for the old males after 60 weeks of age for their reproductive performance. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2423-T] (1).
5.
Effect Of Bio-Stimulation On Estrus Expression And Pregnancy Rate In Cidr Based Synchronization Protocol In Nili-Ravi Buffalo
by Abdul Waheed (2009-VA-133) | Dr. Aijaz ali Channa | Dr. Syed Murtaza Hassan Andrabi | Prof. Dr. Mian Abdul Sattar | Prof. Dr. Aftab Ahmad Anjum.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Our water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) has much potential for production of milk. But this
animal has some problems regarding reproduction including delayed puberty, poor estrus behavior,
silent heat, long postpartum period and low conception rate by artificial insemination. This leads
to poor reproduction and hence great economic loss. Therefore, the requirement is to address these
problems efficiently and formulate more effective techniques for improvements. Researchers have
devised many estrus synchronization protocols (PGF2α, P4, GnRH, eCG, hCG etc.) that help
bringing many animals in heat and hence improve the reproductive performance when fixed time
artificial insemination is combined with them. But these protocols give inconsistent results when
they are applied on buffaloes making it necessary to improve the techniques.
This study was planned on the hypothesis that presence of bull (bio-stimulation), at the
time of synchronization, may play an important role in enhancement of estrus intensity and fertility
rate in Nili-Ravi buffaloes. Seventy one adult buffaloes were randomly selected from different
areas of field conditions and LRS (NARC) and subjected to CIDR based heat synchronization in
combination of either bio-stimulation or non-stimulation. The animals were observed for
behavioral estrus signs twice a day starting after 12 hours of CIDR removal till 96 hours.
Pregnancy diagnosis was done by rectal palpation 60 days post CIDR removal. Estrus response
and pregnancy rate were analyzed by Chi-square test using MINITAB version 15. Estrus signs and
total estrus intensity were compared by Mann Whitney U test. Difference was considered
significant at probability level of (P < 0.05).
In peri-urban areas, more animals from bio-stimulated group showed better behavioral
estrus signs, more total intensity score and significantly higher pregnancy rate as compared to nonSUMMARY
63
stimulated group of animals. At LRS (NARC), more animals from non-stimulated group were
found in behavioral estrus but intensity of heat signs was high in bio-stimulated animals.
Pregnancy rate was also higher in non-stimulated animals but the difference was not significant.
Overall, in this study, we got higher pregnancy rate in bio-stimulated animals than non-stimulated
group which indicates a positive response of bull stimulation on reproductive performance of Nili-
Ravi buffaloes who were synchronized with CIDR based estrus synchronization protocol. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2469-T] (1).
6.
Effect Of Synchronization Protocols (Pg And Ovsynch) On Estrus Response, Estrus Intensity, Ovulation Time And Conception Rate In Cholistani Cows
by Muhammad Awais Ajmal (2009-VA-370) | Dr. Aijaz Ali Channa | Prof. Dr. Nasim Ahmad | Dr. Jawad Nazir.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Cholistani cattle breed, like other milch breeds of our country (Sahiwal, Red Sindhi cattle), is one of the indigenous breeds of Pakistan having superior dairy characteristics. Being heat tolerant breed present in tropical and subtropical areas of Pakistan it has average milk production 1235 litters with 4.8% fat in it. To minimize the cross breeding of Cholistani cows, some efforts are being done for its conservation, through management and genetic improvement. Moreover genetic improvement, through artificial insemination (A.I) is in process. In recent times another important tool Fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) has emerged to improve fertility which usually is performed in association with a variety of estrus and ovulation synchronization regimens. Synchronization of estrus is actually to bring large group of females in estrus at a desired fixed time by manipulation of estrus cycle. Two synchronization protocols were compared. In PG group, each animal was treated with luteolytic dose of PGF2α (d-Cloprostenol 0.150 mg; Dalmazine, Fatro®, Ozzano Emilia Italy; 2 ml; i.m) on random stage of the estrous cycle and repeated after 11 days TAI was done at 72 and 84 h after 2nd PG. In OVS group each cow received an intramuscular injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH; 50 mcg of a GnRH analogue, Dalmarelin TM Fatro®, Italy; 2 ml; i.m) on random stage of estrus cycle (day 0). On day 7 these cows were treated with PGF2α (d-cloprostenol 0.150 mg; Dalmazine, Fatro®, Ozzano Emilia Italy; 2 ml; i.m), followed by second injection of GnRH on day 9 and TAI was done at 12 and 24h after 2nd GnRH. Estrus response and estrus intensity were higher in OVS group as compared to PG. Timing of ovulation was shorter in OVS group as compared to. Conception rate are also high in OVS group. Therefore it is concluded that Ovsynch protocol is helpful to improve ovulation and conception rate in Cholistani cows. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2523-T] (1).
7.
Prevalence, Associated Risk Factors And Treatment Of Toxocariasis In Small Holders’ Buffalo Calves
by Muhammad Qasim Sharif (2007-VA-488) | Dr. Muhammad Avais | Dr. Syed Saleem Ahmad | Dr. Aijaz Ali Channa.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of Toxocariasis in buffalo calves in outskirts of Lahore. For this 5g fecal samples from 369 buffalo calves were collected directly from the rectum to avoid the soil contamination. For this purpose, buffalo calves between 1 to 20 weeks of age were selected. Data regarding each calf and possible associated risk factor was entered in data capture form. The data capture form included information on species, sex, breed, age, physical condition, weaning time, fecal score, feeding, housing and management etc. After collection the fecal samples were immediately transferred to ice box for transportation to Medicine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. The fecal samples were analyzed by Direct Smear Method as described by Souls by (1982).
Positive samples for T. vitulorum were further subjected to McMaster Technique for Egg per gram (EPG) count.
A total of twenty-four (n=24) calves which were detected as positive for Toxocara. Vitulorum, were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups i.e. Group A, B, C and D, with each group having six calves. Calves in group A were treated with Albendazole at the dose rate of 10 mg/ kg of body weight via oral route while the calves in group B were given Levamisole at dose rate of 8 mg/kg of body weight orally. The animals in group C were treated with Doramectin at 0.2 mg/ kg of body weight via sub-cutaneous route whereas calves in group D were given Chenopodium album at the dose rate of 2g/kg of body weight. All the treatments were given once. The fecal samples from calves in each group were collected at days 0 (pre-treatment) and then at day 4, 7, 14, and 21 (post-treatment) for EPG count through modified McMaster technique. Efficacy of particular treatment was calculated on the basis of fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT).
Data on prevalence was analyzed using chi square test while Odd Ratio (OR) was determined for association of T. vitulorum with different risk factors. The data on EPG at various days was analyzed through two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 20, at a significance level of 5%.
Out of total 369 buffalo calves, 87 (23.58%). buffalo calves were found to excrete T. vitulorum eggs in their feces. While 212 (76.42 %) buffalo calves were found normal with no fecal egg excretion. 23 calves (26.44 %) with age of 1-4 weeks, 37 calves (42.53 %) with age of 5-10 weeks and 27 calves (31.03 %) were found positive. Percentages of male and female infected calves were 25.79 % and 21.23 % respectively. Number of non-infected calves in healthy and sick animals were 236 (80.55 %) and 54 (71.05 %) respectively. While infected calves in healthy and sick animals were 57 (19.45 %) and 22 (28.95 %). Numbers of sick and healthy mothers of calves were 54 and 315 respectively. 13 calves (24.07%) were infected with T. vitulorum infestation whom mother was sick, while 67 calves (21.27%) were infected with Toxocaravitulorum whom mother was healthy. 77 calves had diarrhea while remaining 292 calves did not have. 28 calves (36.36%) out of 77 (calves suffered from diarrhea) were found as positive for T. vitulorum infestations, while 62 calves (21.23%) out of 292 calves (did not suffer from diarrhea) were infected with T.vitulorum. 280 calves (75.88%) had normal body coat, while 89 calves (24.12%) had abnormal body coat. Number of calves infected with T. vitulorum were 27 (30.34%) and 58 (20.71%), in calves with abnormal and normal body coat respectively.
While after treatment trial it was concluded that Albendazole and Levamisole had effectively reduced the eggs per gram in effected calves. Albendazole eliminate the fecal eggs up to 100 % till day 14. While, Levamisole, Doramectin did the same on day 21. While oral chenopodium album have no significant effect. So it can be concluded that Albendazole can be used in field where there is chances of outbreak of Toxocariasis in calves especially in buffalo calves.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2738-T] (1).
8.
Relationship Among Physical Reproductive Charecters And Semen Quality Parameters At Different Age Groups Of Sahiwal Bulls
by Muhammad Asif (2015-VA-1077) | Dr. Aijaz Ali Channa | Prof. Dr. Nasim Ahmad | Dr. Muhammad Avais.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: The present study demonstrate the relationship among physical reproductive characters and
semen quality parameters at different age groups of Sahiwal bulls. The standard breeding
soundness evaluation criteria is not set for the screening of Sahiwal bulls. Artificial insemination
is a tool for rapid genetic improvement. Sahiwal bulls used as AI sire should be screened through
standard breeding soundness evaluation criteria. Therefore the present study has been designed to
determine objectives like: (1) to determine the relationship among physical reproductive characters
and semen quality parameters at different age groups of Sahiwal bulls (2) to compare the semen
quality parameters of pendulous with non-pendulous Sahiwal bulls. The study was carried out
during July-October 2016 at Semen Production Unit Qadirabad district Sahiwal. The Sahiwal bulls
(n=91) maintained at SPU as a regular semen donor bulls, having no reproductive disorder were
selected for this study. These bulls were divided into four different age groups G1 (24-48 months,
n=8), G2 (49-72 months, n=50), G3 (73-96 months, n=27) and G4 (97-108, n=6). The evaluation
of the bulls were done for BW, SC and DPS. Semen quality parameters (ejaculate volume, sperm
concentration, motility, percent live sperm and morphological abnormalities) were evaluated and
compare between different groups. Mean BW and SC increases (P˂ 0.05) with the age of bulls,
but DPS is not correlated with the age means it does not increases with the age. Ejaculate volume
(3.58±0.1, 3.92±.05, 3.97±.06, 4.24±0.15 ml), sperm concentaration (870.6±14.1, 897.4±6.5,
899.5± 8.0, 856.9±20.2 x 10x6 /ml) increases with age. However motility remain more or less
unchange with age . The percentage of live sperms were 75.06±0.3, 75.75±0.1, 75.96±0.1,
77.09±0.4 respectively and percentage of morphological abnormalities were
Summary
32
19.57±0.6,17.61±0.2,15.80±0.2,16.69±0.4 repectively. The morphological abnormalities were
higher in younger bulls as compered to older bulls. It can be concluded that the BW, SC, ejaculate
volume, sperm concentration (except in G4 due to small sample size) increases as that the age
increases, whereas the other semen quality parameters like individual motility, motility after
dilution and individual motility after freezing looks to be more or less independent of age. The
DPS is not correlated with the age, it may be a genetic character. In comparison of semen quality
between pendulous and non-pendulous bulls, the ejaculate volume and sperm concentration were
significantly higher in pendulous bulls instead of non-pendulous bulls (in G2 and G3) and nonsignificantly
higher (in G1 and G4). While comparing the other semen parameter like motility
percentage (individual, after dilution and after freezing) between pendulous and non-pendulous
bulls the results remain non-significant. The findings of this study direct us to focus more on nonpendulous
bulls instead of pendulous bulls, the reason behind that is the pendulous bull’s needs
extra managemental care as they are more prone to injuries and perpetual infections. These
findings could be used to set the selection criteria for Sahiwal bulls. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2922-T] (1).
