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1. Comparative Study Of External Fixation Devices Used For The Repair Of Mid Shaft Tibial Fracture In The Dog

by Syed Mohsin Abbas Kazmi | Dr. M. Arif Khan | Dr. Kamran | Dr. Mazhar Iqbal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Nature of contents: biography; Literary form: Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: Mid shaft tibial fractures can be repaired by external and internal methods of fixation. The internal methods include bone plates, bone screws, intramedullary pins, circiage wires etc. whereas external fixation devices include K.E. apparatus, Thomas splint, P.O.P. (Gypsona cast splint) other casts and fixation devices. In the cases of mid shaft tibial fracture in the dog, it is not necessary all the times to repair it by internal methods of fixation. External methods of fixation are comparatively cheaper and easy to apply and handle and prevent the animal from the post-operative complications of internal methods of fixation. The present study was launched for the comparison of the external fixation devices used for the repair of mid-shaft tibia fracture in the dog i.e. a) Gypsona cast splint. b) K.E. apparatus. c) Thomas splint. The study was carried out on 12 mongrel dogs of either sex divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C and D and each groups comprising three animals designated as I, II and III. In group A, after the induction of mid shaft tibial fracture Gypsona cast splint was applied on right limb. In group B, K-E. apparatus and in group C Thomas splint was applied. The group D was held sham operated (control) after the induction of mid-shaft tibial fracture. The aforesaid devices were first applied on right tibia and then on left tibia of the same dog at an interval of 10 weeks. The dogs were kept in kennels for 20 weeks. At the end of experimental period, the dogs were euthanized and gross examination was conducted. The results were collected on the basis of clinical examination (lameness) radiographs and post-euthanasia findings. The results clearly revealed that K-E. apparatus was the best choice in cases of mid shaft tibial fracture in the dog, in terms of best immobilization and good calus formation. Although K.E. device is costly one, but it won't exceeds the cost of the animal in many cases. The results were excellent and procedure can easily be applied easily by an average Orthopaedic surgeon. Thomas splint comes next to K-E. apparatus. If properly applied gives good results. Gypsona cast splint was graded at the end, due to its less efficacy and accuracy. It usually resulted in bone bending after application. It could have been a better procedure if applied with some metallic cast or splint. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0545,T] (1).

2. Comparative Evaluation Of Polyvinyl Tube And Cephalic Vein As Ureteral Substitutes In The Dog

by Bilal Qasim | Dr. Mazhar Iqbal | DR. Asim Aslam | Dr. M. Arif Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: Ureteral prosthesis was the procedure adopted for the conduit of urine in the most natural way either by introducing synthetic graft, autograft or both at different ureters. In this project 21 healthy dogs of either sex were used. Laparotomy was performed under aseptic precautions on eighteen dogs with the remaining three as control animals. In group A an eight centimeter piece of left ureter was removed from its mid portion. One end of the selected polyvinyl tube was introduced into the lumen of the renal portion of the ureter in a telescoping fashion upto a distance of 0.5 cm and firmly secured with modified matress sutures using 4/0 prolene. Other end of the tube was secured in cystic portion of the ureter in the same manner. In group B, 8 cm segment of right ureter was removed in the same manner as described for group A, but in this group instead of Polyvinyl tube an 8cm cephalic vein graft, harvested from one of the forelimbs was used as a ureteral substitute. A 12 cm small diameter polyvinyl tube was passed through the lumen of the graft such that both the ends of the tube protruded beyon The protruding ends of the tube were passed into the renal and cystic segments of the ureter. This was done to stabilize the graft and proper approximation of the cut ends of the ureteral segments and the graft for suturing. The respective ends of the ureteral segments and the graft were sutured with horizontal mattress everting sutures using 4/0 prolene. Then a small nick was given in the renal ureteral segment to remove the tube. The nick was repaired with one horizontal mattress suture using the same suture material. In group C polyvinyl tube and cephalic vein were grafted in the left and right ureters respectively as described for group A and B. All the survivor dogs were kept under observation for 3 weeks and evaluated on clinical observations, biochemical studies and intravenous urography. Euthanasia was performed after the experimental period and operative sites were explored and gross changes were recorded. The analysis of the results clearly indicated that the use of polyvinyl tube was a better option over cephalic vein for the ureteral prosthesis. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0554,T] (1).

3. Comparative Efficacy Of Bone Plate And Plaster Cast For The Repair Of Mid Shaft Metacarpal Fracture In Equine

by Iftikhar Safdar Wahla, M | Dr. M. Arif Khan | Dr. M. Sarwar Khan | Dr. Shakil | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Nature of contents: biography; Literary form: Publisher: 1999Dissertation note: The fractures of long bone specially the metacarpal and metatarsal are quite common in race, polo as well as tonga horses. Mostly they appear as simple fracture as they do not involve the skin. These fractured cases are mostly euthanised due to lack of facilities and skills to handle such type of orthopedic problems. Different types of external fixation devices are used to immobilize such types of orthopedic ailments. But these methods cannot fulfill the requirements of an ideal union. In this project the internal method of fixation has been compared with the external method. The project was carried out 16 healthy donkeys divided into four groups of 4 animals each. In group A single plate, in group B double plates at right angle to each other and in group C plaster of paris were tried. Where as group D was considered as sham operated (control). The experiment animals kept over a period of 8 weeks postoperatively at Surgery Section of College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore and different parameters were studied to pick-up the best procedure for the repair of mid-shaft metacarpal fracture in equine. The analysis of the results clearly indicated that the use of double broad (dynamic compression plate) plates at right angle to each other has an edge over the single plate and plaster cast. However, the single plate can also provide successful results in certain cases, where the movement of the animals is restricted and kept under closed observations. The gypsona cast applied alone can not immobilize the fracture site as required for the ideal healing. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0591,T] (1).

4. Evaluation Of Liver Functions At Varying Degrees Of Hepatectomy In Dogs

by Farhan Ahmad Atif | Dr. M. Arif Khan | Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1999Dissertation note: Liver is the most important organ because of its multiplicity of functions. It played a pivotal rote in the nutrition and maintenance of the body. In this project 16 dogs were taken and divided into 4 groups comprising 4 dogs each. In group-A total removal of right lateral lobe was performed. In group-B half part of the right lobe was resected. Group-C was sham operated in which only laparotomy was experienced. Whereas, group-D acted as control. Liver function tests were conducted in all the groups before and after surgery. rfhe.e was slight elevation in the values of liver enzymes which remained within the normal range except alkaline phosphatase. Metabolic ability was not affected appreciably after resection of half and complete removal of right lateral lobe. All the dogs were euthanized after 8 weeks post-operatively. The dogs of group-B showed hepatic regeneration that was 31.2, 38.8 and 28.3 percent in dog No.6, 7 and 8 respectively. The histopathology of regenerated tissue revealed normal hepatic tissue. The analysis of results has clearly indicated that resection of liver upto this extent does not alter liver functions noticeably and thus partial hepatectomy can be performed without any fear. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0596,T] (1).



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