1.
Serological Surey Of Brucellosis In Man & Various Age Groups Of Cattle And Buffaloes
by Abbas Chaudhry, M | Dr.Irshad Ahmad Ch | Dr.Imtiaz Hussain Khan | Prof.Dr Akram | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: The sero-prevalence of brucellosis in cattle, buffaloes and various personnel employed at Livestock Production Research Institute, Bahadar Nagar, District Okara, was surveyed. Four hundred and seventy blood samples of different age groups of various groups of cattle, buffaloes and man were analyzed for the seroprevalence of Brucellosis. The various serological tests used for this investigation included the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Serum Agglutination Test (SAT). The higher incidence of the disease was observed in cattle than buffaloes. The seroprevalence of disease in man was found to be related with the prevalence of Brucellosis in animals.
The overall prevalence of Brucellosis in clinically healthy buffaloes and cattle was found to be 7.64% and 10.0% respectively, by SAT and 11.17% and 14.11% respectively by RBPT.
A prevalence of 36.67% by RBPT and 26.67% and 23.33% by SAT in clinically sick buffaloes and cattle was recorded.
The serum samples from workers subjected to RBPT and SAT revealed prevalence of 15.71% and 11.43%, respectively. The incidence of Brucellosis in adult buffaloes and cattle above 2-10 years of age was 11% and 13%, respectively by SAT. Whereas in young buffaloes and cattle under 2 years of age, it was found to be 2.86% and 5.71%, respectively by SAT. The RBPT indicated 15% and 5.7 1% incidence of the disease in adult and young buffaloes, respectively.
Similarly prevalence of 19% and 7.14% in adult and young cattle, respectively was found to be demonstrated by RBPT. rpIe SAT and RBPT established a greater incidence of brucellosis in female animals than male cows 10.67% and buffaloes 8.67% by SAT.
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2.
Effects Of Stress Folowing Vaccination (Avinew) Against Newcastle Disease In Broilers
by Asaf Jamal Khan, Major M | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Irshad | Dr.Sohail Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: This experiment was designed to find out the degree of stress and immune status in response to vaccination (Avinew) against ND and also to know the effects of two therapeutic agents, i.e. multivitaminsand aspirin, on efficacy of the vaccine. One hundred and sixty day old broiler chicks were divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C and D, each group having 40 birds. Group A was kept as control, B was vaccinated but non-medicated, group C was given multivitamins alongwith vaccine for 3 post-vaccination days and group D was treated with aspirin for 3 post-vaccination days. Blood samples were collected on days 1st, 14th, 28th and 42nd for detection of antibody titer against NDV. Blood samples were collected from 10 randomly selected birds of each group after 24, 48 and 72 hours of vaccination for study of heterophil/lymphocyte ratio and estimation of serum biochemical substances (protein, glucose and cholesterol). On 42nd day of the experiment, adrenal glands of 10 randomly selected birds from each group were examined for adrenal/body weight ratio and gross/histopathological lesions. At the end of the experiment the economics of the flocks was also calculated. "AVINEW" (freezed dried live VG/GA vaccine) against Newcastle disease, activated the immune response of the chicks without any significant stress. It provided a reasonable and persistent antibody titer. Multivitamins supplementation showed immuno-potentiating effect and also positive trend in growth traits. The effect of aspirin on immune response and weight gain was variable.
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3.
Prevalence Of Soil Borne Helmithiasis Of Zoonotic Importance In Dogs
by Muhammad Tayyab Farooqi | Prf.Dr. Azhar Maqbool | Dr.Irshad | Dr.Kamran Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: To record the prevalence of soil borne helminthiasis of zoonotic importance in dogs' one hundred faecal samples were obtained from pet dogs, fifty from pups of age less than six months and fifty from adult dogs. Four hundred soil samples along with grass were also be collected from different dog kennels, parks and playgrounds, backyards and streets of Lahore city, where soil and grass is contaminated with the faeces of stray dogs. After collection, the faecal samples were preserved in polythene bags and kept in refrigerator or preserved in 10 % formalin to avoid any other contamination of the samples. Then the samples were brought to the Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Parasitology University of Veterinary & Animals Sciences, Lahore. Microscopic examination was performed by using different parasitological techniques like Direct Smear Method, Floatation Method and Sedimentation Method for the detection of the parasite ova. Grass Samples were examined through Sedimentation-Flotation Method. The results were analyzed by using chi2 test to check the significance difference of the ova in soil samples of different areas. the result showed that out of 400 soil and grass samples 33 were positive for Ancylostoma caninum, 37 were positive for Toxocara canis, 29 were positive for Dipylidium caninum and 19 were positive for Echinococcus granulosis and out of 100 faecal samples taken from pups and adult dogs, 10 were positive for Ancylo stoma caninum, 13 were positive for Toxocara canis, 8 were positive for Diplyidium caninum and 6 were positive for Echinococcus granulosis. The results suggested that better deworming stragies shold be adopted so that the health of the dogs can be improved and this will also reduce the reisk of zoonotic infectin in humans, entry of the stray dogs in public areas should be restricted to avoid the risk of zoonotic diseases.
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4.
Charecterization Of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus (Local Strain) From Small Ruminants
by Sher Bahadar Khan | Dr.Aftab Ahmad Anjum | Dr.Azhar | Dr.Irshad Hussain | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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; Literary form:
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Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: The objectives of the study were to isolate PPR virus (Local strain) using Vero cell line, Identification of PPRV through Cytopathic effects (CPE) produced by PPRV on Vero cell line. To detect haemeagglutinability of PPR virus with RBCs of poultry, duck, goat, pigeon, sheep, horse and human through Haemeagglutination test. And confirmation of PPR virus through Hemeagglutination inhibition test and Immunocapture Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Ic ELIZA). For this purpose 120 tissue samples (40 Necrotic debris in buccal mucosa, 30 each nasal and ocular discharges and 20 lymph nodes) were collected from clinical positive cases. These samples were moistened with 2-3 drops sterile PBS and were brought immediately to the laboratory in sterilized universal container under refrigeration temperature. The tissue samples were processed for virus isolation. After sterilization of the glassware, Dehydrated modified Essential Medium (DMEM) was prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions for cultivation of Vero cells. Stock solution of phenol red, Carbonate/bicarbonate buffer, Stock antibiotic solution, Trypsin, Versene solution and Trypsin-versene (TV) solution were prepared. The inoculums of Pestes des Petitis ruminants virus was filtered through 0.2um pore sized syringe filter (Millipore,USA) and transferred to a pre-sterilized McCartney bottle.When a complete monolayer of the Vero cell line was formed and almost 80 % confluency was obtained, the exhausted medium from the carrel flask was discarded and new filtered and sterile maintenance medium (25 ml) was added per flask. The virus inoculum was inoculated on Vero cell line and examined daily for CPE. The haemeagglutinability of the virus was checked with RBCs of chicken, duck, pigeon, sheep, goat, horse and human blood group 0. The The haemeagglutinability of the virus was also checked under different conditions i.e. influence of diluents, influence of temperature and influence of incubation. Finally Haemeagglutination inhibition test and ic ELISA was performed.
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5.
Detection And Taxonomy Of Dust Mites In The City Of Lahore With Special Reference To Allergic Manifestation
by Muhammad Tanveer Khan | Dr.Kamran Ashraf | Dr.Irshad | Mr.Awais Anees | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2009Dissertation note: The most important allergy causing mites found worldwide in houses are the house dust mite's i.e. D. farinae & D. pteronyssinus and most houses contain multiple species. The geographical distributions of mite species are vary between houses within a geographical region and among different areas. Therefore it is need to know the exact prevalence of species in a particular area when diagnostic testing is performing and prescribing immunotherapy. Among environmental factors, temperature and humidity play a key role for the survival as well as prevalence of house dust mites. The most favorite place for the better survival of house dust mites is houses belong to the humid geographical areas.
In this study, 1280 dust samples from carpet, bedroom mattress, sofa and floor of total 64 houses from posh area and old city area from May to August, 2007, were collected and two examination procedures were selected (Acarex Strips Test and Direct Microscopic Examination). 320 dust samples (160 posh area and 160 old city area) were detected with Acarex Strips Test and remaining dust samples were examined by using the direct microscopy.
In the present study, the overall occurrence of house dust mites in dust samples of carpet, bedroom mattress, sofa and floor was recorded as 22.5% (9), 22.5% (9), 20% (8) and 10% (4) respectively from posh area by using the Acarex strips test from May to August, 2007, at Lahore. Similarly from old city area, the overall occurrence of dust mites from house dust samples of carpet, bedroom mattress, sofa and floor was reported as 27.5% (11), 30% (12), 22.5% (9) and 15% (6) respectively.
Direct microscopy was performed for remaining 960 (240 carpet, 240 bedroom mattress, 240 sofa and 240 floor) dust samples to examine the occurrence and taxonomy of house dust mites. Among 26.3% (63) positive dust samples of carpet 63.5% (40) were found positive for D. farinae and 36.5% (23) for D. pteronyssinus. Total 28.8% (69) bedroom mattress dust samples were found positive for house dust mites but 74.9% (51) and 26%
(18) dust samples were containing D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus species respectively.
Among 17% (41) positive dust samples of sofa, 61% (25) were containing 13. farinae and
39% (16) D. pteronyssinus. Out of 11.7% (28) positive dust samples of floor for house dust mites, 68% (19) were examined positive for D. farinae and 32% (9) for D. pteronyssinus.
The high occurrence of house dust mites were seen during May, June, July, and August 2007. During May, 2007, there was not so highly occurrence of house dust mites observed as compare to other three months (June, July and August, 2007). From late June rainy season (monsoon) was started and high moisture remains in the environment to late August. These environmental conditions have direct impact on the population of house dust mites.
From previous study, it was suggested that two species (D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus) occur in the area of Lahore, Pakistan. The highly prevalent specie in the house dust samples of carpet, bedroom mattress, sofa and floor was reported D. farinae as compare to D. pteronyssinus.
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