1.
A Comparative Study On The Immunogenicity Of Sonicated Pasteurella Multocida And Formalized Broth Culture (Bacterin) Of Organism In Buffalo Calves
by Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Mohammad Amin Sheikh | Dr. Mubasher Saeed Mian | Dr. S.A.R. Rizvi | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0391,T] (1).
2.
Biological Health Markers Of Pregnant Crossbred Cows
by Shaista Abbas | Prof. Dr. Ijaz Ahmad | Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman | Faculty of Biosciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: Pregnancy is a period characterized by an increase in metabolic demand owing to changes in female physiology and the requirements for growing fetus. The changes that take place in various body systems during pregnancy result in an increased oxygen demand and changes in energy substrate utilization by dam, especially in the feto- placental unit. Pregnancy, though a physiological state, is a stressful condition that favors the oxidative stress and results in an imbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems of the body leading to potential damage. Metabolic demands associated with late gestation, parturition, and initiation of lactation has been supposed to increase the production of reactive oxygen species (RGS).
The current study was undertaken to elucidate the dynamics of different biological health and metabolic markers in crossbred cows at different stages of pregnancy and non-pregnant stage. The study was carried out on 40 (age range between 4 and 11 years) clinically healthy crossbred cows (Sahiwal + Holstein-Friesian). The animals were divided into four groups; first trimester, second trimester and third trimester of pregnancy, and non-pregnant, with 10 cows in each group. The results revealed that serum total oxidants, ceruloplasmin oxidase and tri- iodothyronine_ concentrations were higher (P<0.05) during third trimester of pregnancy compared to non-pregnant crossbred cows. Serum arylesterase concentration was lower (P<0.05) during second and third trimesters of pregnancy compared to non-pregnant stage. The concentration of serum total homocysteine was higher (P<0.05) during third trimester compared to first and second trimesters of pregnancy. The concentrations of serum total antioxidants, paraoxonase, total thyroxine, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were not different during pregnancy and non-pregnant stage in crossbred cows.
In conclusion, the biological health markers specially total oxidant status, aryl esterase, ceruloplasmin oxidase, total homocysteine and tri-iodothyronine of pregnant crossbred cows can provide useful information about the progression of pregnancy and can also be used as management tool for the improvement of the health status during pregnancy.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1087,T] (1).
3.
A Study Of Plasma Homocysteine And Copper In Patients Of Coronary Artery Disease
by Umer Saeed Ansari | Prof. Dr. Ijaz Ahmad | Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: The present study was carried out on 60(56 males and 4 females) stable coronary artery disease patients selected from the angiography department of Shaukat Khanum Medical & research Laboratories. Only those patients were selected as cases, who verified angiographically, as having coronary artery disease. Thirty controls were also selected from angiography department of Shaukat KhanumMedical & research Laboratories. These were the patients who on angiography were verified as having normal coronary arteries. The patients were between the ages of 30-60 years. Mean age of the cases was 43.95±5.6 years and the mean age of controls was 42.87±7.27 years (Table 1). No significant difference was found between the distribution of patients age among cases and controls. Among the cases 93% were males and 7% were females. Various risk factors which predispose to coronary artery disease were also . recorded in our study such as history of hypertension, smoking, history of hyperlipidemia, family history of coronary artery disease, obesity, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum copper and plasma Homocysteine.
Regarding the history of smoking, there were 51.7% smokers among the cases. In the control group only 30% were smokers and this difference was statistically not significant (p value 0.05) (Table 3). History of hyperlipidemia was present in 17 cases and 4 controls. The family history of coronary heart disease was seen in 33 cases and 11 controls. There was no statistical difference between the distribution or these factors among cases and controls (Table 3).
The cases had a mean BMI of 27.38±3.75and the controls had a mean BMI of 27.l4±5.56. In the control group 63.30/0 were overweight and obese and among the cases 71.6°1<> were overweight and obese. A number of biochemical tests including serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum copper and plasma Homocysteine, were done on the study population. The mean serum cholesterol among the cases was 184.23±37.83mg/dl and in the controls it was 171.07±48.24mg/dl. No difference was found between the distribution of mean cholesterol levels in cases and controls (Fig 5). The mean triglyceride level was 207±84.71mg/dl among the cases and 160±71.27mg/dl in controls. The difference was statistically significant (Fig 6).
The principal observation of this study is that mean plasma tHcy of cases was significantly higher (15.21±2.67Ilmol/l) as compared to controls (10.88±1.88Ilmol/l) (p value <0.01) (Fig 7).
The other major observation was that there was a significant difference in the distribution of serum copper among cases and controls when serum copper was divided into groups (Table 8).
This study observed more patients with conventional risk factors in hyperhomocysteinemic subjects (n=36) than the patients having low Homocysteine level (n=54). In spite of this no association was found between hyperhomocysteinemia and these risk factors except serum copper (p value <0.01). The mean serum copper in subjects with normal plasma Homocysteine level was 81.96~g/dl and in the patients with hyperhomcysteinemia it was 1 00.82~g/d1. A positive correlation was found between serum copper and plasma Homocysteine (r=0.44) Coronary artery disease is associated with moderate hyperhomocysteinemia in our study and it shows a positive correlation with serum copper. It does not show any association with other risk factors.
Since hyperhomocysteinemia is commonly seen in our patients, it is prudent to manage these subjects with vitamin supplements and adequate nutrition.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1094,T] (1).
4.
Effect Of Dietary Supplementation Of Mannanoligosaccharide On Reglamation Of Gastrointestinal Physiology In Dogs
by Khalid Abdul Majeed | Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Nisar | Faculty of Biosciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mannan-oligosaccharide in small bowel resection. Intestinal resection is conducted in various pathological conditions, which is necessary in alleviation of the anomaly but produces ill effects related to the physiological functioning of the resected part. Various post-operative treatments have been suggested in this regard. Prebiotics can serve as an important dietary and clinical nutritive substance with potential to stabilize aftermath. Dogs with jejunal resection were used as an experimental animal and were divided into three groups in this study. Groups were Control (con), MOS-lower dose (MOS-LD) fed 2g MOS and MOS-higher dose (MOS-HD) fed 4g MOS in addition to 400g standard diet daily. Dogs were assessed for glucose, cholesterol, white blood cell counts on day 0, 1 5, 30, 45 of MOS supplementation. Ammonia, microbiological analysis for E.coli, total aerobes and ('lostridium per/ringens were done on fecal samples collected between day 24 and 28 of MOS supplementation. Fecal scoring system was used to study alleviation of diarrhea in two periods with each of 5 days. Period 1 was from day 18 to day 22 and period 2 was from day 41 to day 45 of MOS supplementation. Repeated measures and one way ANOVA was used for analysis of data. Positive effects of MOS were evident on relieving diarrhea and increasing blood lymphocytes. Total aerobes and clostridium count decreased significantly. This study paved way for further studies in the assessment of potency of MOS and other Prebiotics in gastrointestinal surgeries and their inclusion in management of short bowel and the therapeutic arsenal.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1154,T] (1).
5.
Dietry Modulation Of Intestinal Physiology In Coccidiosis Induced Broiler
by Ihtesham -UL- Haq | Habib -UR-Rehman | Nisar Ahmed | Prof.Dr.Ejaz Ahmed | Faculty of Biosciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: Coccidiosis is a ubiquitous disease of almost universal importance in poultry production. The disease may strike any type of poultry in any type of facility and causes large economic losses. The immune responses of the body against coccidiosis are complex because Eimeria species exhibit a complex life cycle, which includes stages inside and outside the birds and the inside-stage, comprises extracellular and intracellular stages. The major component in coccidiosis control in the poultry industry since the I 940s has been the use of anticoccidial compounds. These compounds, when used in carefully designed prophylactic treatment programs are efficient in disease control. However, the inevitable development of drug resistance to chemical types of anticoccidials by avian coccidia, the increased pressure from consumers and governments to phase out the use of chemical anticoccidials in the diet of food animals has resulted in the need of a reexamination of another type of coccidial control. Among others, mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) has shown promising in suppressing pathogens of the intestinal mucosa of chickens. In present study one twenty broiler chicks was obtained from hatchery and divided in to four groups. Antibiotic free diet supplemented with prebiotic was fed to each group. The infected group was inoculated orally with Eimeria. The overall body weight gain, lesion scoring, relative weights of gut organ and bacterial growth of clostridium perfringens and E. coli was investigated. The overall beneficial effect of the prebiotic on these parameters was screened.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1168,T] (1).
6.
Uterine Microbial Flora Of Sahiwal Cattle During Oestrus And Its Relayionship With Pregnancy Rate
by Habib- Ur- Rehman | Prof. Dr. Masood Rabbani | Dr. Ali Ahmad Sheikh | Prof. Dr. Nasim.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: In the present study uterine microbial flora of Sahiwal cattle during oestrus and its relationship with pregnancy rate was determined. According to the results a total of 11 bacterial species were isolated from 50 uterine samples of estrus Sahiwal cattle, maintained at Livestock Production Research Institute (LPRI), Bahardur Nagar, district Okara, Punjab province, Pakistan. The isolates include E. coli, Micrococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Citrobacter diversus, Salmonella spp., Proteus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. Tabulation of results showed that prevalence of these isolates was different among pregnant and non-pregnant animals. Moreover, E .coli, Micrococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Citrobacter diversus are found to be thriving in uterus as normal microbial flora, whereas, Streptococcus spp. isolate as abnormal microbial flora appearing to be having some role in decreasing pregnancy rate. While, Pseudomonas spp., Corynebacterium spp. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella spp., and Proteus spp. Isolates could not be differentiable as normal and abnormal uterine microbial flora due to insignificant available data. Furthermore, complete blood counts of 50 blood samples of these same animals indicated that those animals harboring isolates like Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Corynebacterium spp. in their uterus, had more likelihood of abnormally increased value of Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) than to presence of any other bacteria. But due to lower data of Pseudomonas spp., and Corynebacterium spp isolated from total samples, only Streptococcus spp. seemed to be ranked as abnormal in Pakistani Sahiwal cattle cows. Interestingly all those animals from where Corynebacterium spp. was isolated, were showing increased values both of MCV and HCT (Hematocrit) which is indicative of their pathogenic role in causing uterine infections.
On the basis of this study it can be modestly concluded that uterine microbial flora identification may serve as a better tool in assessing and foretelling the reproductive health status of the breeding animals. After necessary assessment, presence of any harmful microbial flora or pathogen can be effectively treated through either selecting an appropriate antibiotic by using culture sensitivity testing or by using any suitable bactericidal agent thereby help in boosting conception and pregnancy rates.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1293,T] (1).
7.
Serum Biochemical Metabolites, Electrolytes And Minerals Profiling In Heat Stressed Donkeys (Equus Asinus)
by Naz Fatima | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Prof. Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman | Faculty of Biosciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: Background
In developing countries, equines are used as a companion animal, for transportation, carrying goods, pulling carts and to ride. Heat stress (HS) is the major problem of tropical and subtropical region that adversely affects the performance of livestock by altering the physiological indices.
Objective
The current study is designed to report the dynamics of different physiological indices including serum electrolytes, minerals, biochemical metabolites, hepatic enzymes and thyroid hormones in heat stressed (HSd) donkeys (Equus asinus).
Materials and Methods
A total of 20 donkeys were involved (10 healthy and 10 clinically diagnosed as HSd), irrespective of their gender and age, in the current study. The health of the donkeys was evaluated by observing vital signs including body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate and hematocrit. Blood was collected from each animal during summer season in August and serum was harvested by centrifugation, of clotted blood, at 4,000 rpm for 20 minutes. Serum samples were stored at -20°C for analysis. Serum electrolytes and minerals were determined using flame photometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometer, respectively, after wet digestion of serum. Serum biochemical metabolites and hepatic enzymes were evaluated using commercial kits, spectrophotometrically. Serum thyroid hormones concentrations were determined using commercial ELISA kits. Normal distribution of the data was confirmed by Shapiro-Wilk test. Data was analyzed using Independent Student's t-test by employing Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Data was presented as means ± SE. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05.
Results
Results revealed significantly higher heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature and hematocrit in heat stressed donkeys. Results revealed that serum sodium and potassium concentrations were significantly lower and serum calcium, magnesium and iron concentrations were significantly higher in heat stressed donkeys. However, there was no significant difference in Na/K ratio and serum chloride in HSd donkeys. Results revealed significantly higher serum total proteins, albumin, globulins concentrations, A/G ratio, LDL-cholesterol levels, T3, T4, AST, ALT, and ALP activity and homocysteine concentrations in heat stressed donkeys. However, serum HDL-Cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly lower. No significant difference in concentrations of serum glucose and cholesterol was observed.
Conclusion
Heat stress decreases electrolytes concentration and increases homocysteine and LDL-cholesterol levels that may account for increased risk of cardiovascular manifestations.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1437,T] (1).
8.
Serum Biochemical Metabolites, Electrolytes And Minerals Profile Durings Different Lactations In one-Humped Lactating Camels (Camelus Dromedarius)
by Anum Khushal | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Prof. Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman | Faculty of Biosciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: Background
Lactation is characterized by change in metabolic demands of body that induces stress in lactating animals. During lactation the body reserves of nutrients, electrolytes and minerals are lost in milk leading to depletion of reserves. Therefore, lactating animals may suffer from deficiency of nutrients, electrolytes and minerals.
Objective
The objective of the study was to report whether lactations alter the serum biochemical metabolites, electrolytes and minerals profile of one-humped lactating camels or not.
Materials and Methods
The study involved 25 healthy, one-humped lactating camels (Camelus dromidarious) selected randomly from the desert area of Bhakkar (Punjab, Pakistan). Camels were divided into five groups (each having five camels) on the basis of lactations. The study involved camels in first, second, third, fourth and fifth lactations.
Ten milliliter blood was drawn from jugular vein using sterilized needles and plane syringes. Blood samples were allowed to clot at room temperature and centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 15 minutes. Serum was collected and stored at -20ºC till analysis. Serum biochemical metabolites and hepatic enzymes were evaluated spectrophotometrically using commercial kits and serum thyroid hormones were determined using commercial ELISA kits. Serum electrolytes and minerals were determined using flame photometery and atomic absorption spectrophotometery, respectively, after wet digestion of serum. Data was analyzed using one way analysis of variance by SPSS and significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results
Serum concentration of glucose, total proteins, albumin and globulins, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, uric acid, and thyroid enzymes did not differ among all the five lactation stages. Serum cholesterol concentration was significantly higher during second lactation compared with the first, third, forth and fifth lactations. Serum aspartate aminotransferase concentration was significantly higher during first lactation compared with the fourth lactation. Serum alanine aminotransferase concentration was significantly higher during fifth lactation compared with the first lactation. Serum concentration of minerals like calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and selenium did not differ during any lactation. Similarly, serum electrolytes including sodium and potassium also did not differ between subsequent lactations.
Conclusion
Lactations have not much pronounced effects on the serum biochemical metabolites, electrolytes and minerals profile of one-humped lactating camels.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1508,T] (1).
9.
Response Of Dietary Yeast Supplementation In Chronic Heat Stressed Broilers On Growth Performance and Organs Development
by Islam Zeb Khan | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousuf | Prof. Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1676,T] (1).
10.
Effect Of Anti-Stressor Supplement On Varous Physiological Markers Of Broiler Chicks Under Chronic Heat Stress
by Madeeha Wajid | Dr. Imtiaz Rabbain | Prof. Dr. Habib-ur- Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1801,T] (1).
11.
Effects Of Terminalia Chebula On Blood Biochemical Profile And Pancreatic Tissue In Diabetic Rats.
by Daniyal Kazmi | Dr. Imtiaz Rabbani | Prof. Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1834,T] (1).
12.
Antiangiogenic Activity Of Extracts Of Vinca Rosea (Catharnathus Roseus) Using Cam Assay
by Ijaz Ahmed | Prof. Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman | Dr. Imtiaz Rabbani | Syed.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1835,T] (1).
13.
Response Of Probiotic Supplimentiation In Ethonal Treated Rats On Health Status And Boon Minerals.
by Basma Yousaf | Dr Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr Hafza Zaneb | Prof Dr Habib Ur Rehman | FBS.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1877,T] (1).
14.
Single Or Combined Effects Of Probiotics And Gallic Acid Supplementation On Zootechnical Parameters Oxidative Indes
by Mohsin Raza | Dr.Muhammad Shahbaz yousaf | Prof.Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1982,T] (1).
15.
A Study Of Antioxid Properties Of Green Tea And Black Tea In Insulin Resistant Diabetic Rats
by Jazba aiman | Prof. Dr. Ijaz ahmad | Dr. Ali ahmad | prof .Dr. Habib ur rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2020,T] (1).
16.
A Study On Antioxidant Properties Of Vitamin C And Vitamin E In Insulin Resistant Diabetic Rats
by Syeda javaria nadir | Prof. Dr. Ijaz ahmad | Dr. Ali Ahmad | Prof. Dr. Habib ur rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2028,T] (1).
17.
Single Or Combined Effects Of Probiotics And Gallic Acid Supplementation On Serum Biochemistry In Dexamethasone
by Fahad mahmood | Dr. Muhammad shahbaz yousaf | Dr. Hafsa zaneb | Prof. Dr. habib ur rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2045,T] (1).
18.
Effect Of Anti-Stressor Supplement On Physiological Indices And Gastrointestinal Development Of Broiler
by Muhammad umar minhas | Prof. Dr. Habib ur rehman | Dr. muhammad shahbaz yousaf | Dr. Sanaullah.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2046,T] (1).
19.
Study Of Electrophysiological Indices Of Median Nerve Conduction In Patients With Or Without Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
by Shafaq nazir | Prof. Dr. Habib ur rehman | Dr. Hafsa zaineb | Dr. shahbaz yousaf.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2058,T] (1).
20.
Single And Combined Effects Of Curcuma Longa And Probiotics Supplementation On Zootechnical Parameters Serm
by Nazish saleem | Muhammad Shahbaz yousaf | Dr. Hafsa zaneb | Prof. Dr. Habib ur rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2059,T] (1).
21.
Reaponse Of Lactobacillus Based Probiotics Supplementation On Serum Biochemical Metabolites And Hepatic Enzymes in Hypothyroid Mice
by Fareeha Ch | Dr. M.Shahbaz yousaf | Dr. Hafsa zaneb | Prof Dr. Habib ur rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2089,T] (1).
22.
Response Of Lactobacillus Based Probiotics Supplementation On Zootechnical Parameters Bone Health
by Hira Najeeb | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Hafsa Zaneb | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2099,T] (1).
23.
Single And Combned Effect Of Turmeric And Probiotic Supplementation On Serum Lioid And Creatinine Profile In Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats
by Salman Zafar | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Hafsa Zaneb | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2106,T] (1).
24.
Antiulcer Activisty Of Malva Parviflora Leaf Extract Narr Sonhal On Ethanol Induced Gastric Ulcer In Rat
by Sumeera Anjum | Dr. Imtiaz Rabbani | Prof. DR. Habib-ur-Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2122,T] (1).
25.
Development And Evaluation Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles As Feed Additives In Broilers
by Sajid Khan Tahir | Dr. Muhammad Quaid Zaman | Dr. Saima | Prof Dr. Habib ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2129,T] (1).
26.
Gastroprotective Effect Of Grewia Optiva (Dhamna) Leaf Extract On Ethano; Induced Gastric Ulcer In Rats
by Saira Aslam | Dr Imtiaz Rabbani | Prof. DR. Habib-ur-Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2137,T] (1).
27.
Effect Of Supplementation Of Xylanase On Feed Efficiency And Serum Biochemistry In Broilers
by Abida Niazi | Dr. Muhammad Quaid Zaman | Dr. Hafsa Zaneb | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2156,T] (1).
28.
Effect Of Gallic Acid Supplementation On Zootechnical Parameters Serum Biochemistry And Immune Response In Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats
by Nida Sahar | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Hafsa | Prof. Dr. Habib -ur- Rehman.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2162,T] (1).
29.
Impact Of Activated Clotting Time6 On Post Cardiopulmonary Bypass Blood Loss
by Adnan Haider | Prof Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Nisar.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 214Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2171,T] (1).
30.
Effect Of Different Heat Treatments On Antioxidant Activity Of Eggplant And Its Efficacy Study Dr. Sanaullah Iqbal
by Wajeeha Baig | Dr. Muhammad Nasir | Prof. Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Eggplants (Solanum melongena L), are native to the South East Asian region and were first domesticated there over 4000 years ago. In fact, the eggplant’s true species name ‘‘Melongena’’ is an ancient name for eggplant in Sanskrit (Spurling, 2003). The color, size, and shape of the eggplant fruit vary significantly with the variety of cultivar. Eggplant is one of the most common vegetables that is grown and consumed all around the world (Nisha et al. 2009). Thomas Jefferson introduced eggplant to the United States in 1806. Even today, a prickly, white eggplant still grows in Jefferson’s preserved Vir-ginia Garden at Monticello (Filippone et al. 2009). Eggplant fruit contains ascorbic acid and phenolics e.g chlorogenic acid, flavonoids, acetylated chlorogenic acid isomers, hydroxycinnamic acid oxides conjugates caffeic acid ,both of which are powerful antioxidants (Vinson et al. 1998). Eggplant is commonly considered as a vegetable, but botanically it is categorized as a fruit. Eggplant fruit is ranked among the top ten vegetables in terms of oxygen radical absorbance capacity due to its high phenolic content (Cao et al. 1996). A comparative study of the antioxidant capacity of different varieties was recently reported by two separate groups of researchers (Huang et al. 2004; Nisha et al. 2009). Vegetables contain several hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant compounds and it is important to estimate the antioxidant activity using different methods. They may act together more effectively than singly because they function synergistically and are capable of quenching free radicals in both aqueous and lipid phases (Ohr et al. 2004; Trombino et al. 2004). Antioxidant components are micronutrients present in the diet that can delay or inhibit lipid oxidation, by inhibiting the initiation or propagation of oxidizing chain reactions, and are also involved in scavenging free radicals (Othman et al., 2007). Epidemiological studies have shown that high fruit and vegetable consumption has health benefits in the prevention of chronic diseases (Cheel et al., 2007). The influence of home cooking methods (boiling , pressure-cooking , frying ) on the antioxidant activity of vegetables has been evaluated in 20 vegetables, using different antioxidant activity assays (lipoperoxyl and hydroxyl radicals scavenging and TEAC). Artichoke was the only vegetable that kept its very high scavenging-lipoperoxyl radical capacity in all the cooking methods. The highest scavenging capacity were observed in cauliflower after boiling and microwaving , in pea after boiling , and in zucchini after boiling and frying. Beetroot, green bean, and garlic kept their antioxidant activity after most cooking treatments. Swiss chard and pepper lost OH (Enez –Monreal et al. 2009). In the case of boiling or pressure-cooking occurs lixiviation phenomenon that leads to a 64% loss of total carotenoids and a 49% loss of total phenolics (Bunea et al. 2008). The phenols enter the cooking water and complex phenol proteins are found, reducing drastically by 90% or more (Barroga et al. 1985: Rocha et al. 2007). Eggplant is one of most common vegetables consumed all around the world. The present study will evaluate the antioxidant potential of two different varieties of eggplant (long purple coloured big size, and rounded purple coloured small size) in terms of total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2,di-phenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide radical scavenging activity, and total anthocyanin content. Extracts from purple colour small size eggplant demonstrated better antioxidant activities than the other samples which may be attributed to the higher phenolic and anthocyanin content since a linear relation was observed between the TPC and the antioxidant parameters (Nisha et al. 2009). There is comparison of among vegetables regarding to their antioxident capacity.
Tab.1.1: Comparison of different vegetables with respect to their antioxidant capacity
Vegetables Size Total antioxidant capacity
Russet potato 1 whole 4,649
Artichoke Half cup 4,402
Small red bean Half cup 13,727
Eggplant 1 whole 4,035
Red kidney beans Half cup 6,000
In the present study , the focus is on the amount of the antioxidants in eggplant after the application of different heat treatments. As eggplant is good source of antioxidants, it has been observed from different studies that heat leaves adverse effect on nutritional status of fruits and vegetables. Pakistan is one of the countries who has good cultivation rate of eggplant.
One hundered gram of fruit contains 0.7mg iron, 13.0mg sodium, 213.0mg potassium, 12.0mg calcium, 26.0mg phosphorus, 5.0mg ascorbic acid and provides 25.0 calories (Yousafi et al.2013).
In world production ranking, Pakistan is at 20th position in the eggplant production. Pakistan produces 87,000 tons eggplant every year. Moreover, it has 0.2% sharing in world wide eggplant production. It is cultivated in 9,044 ha on the land of Pakistan (FAO, 2012).
Hydrogen Peroxide is one of the most powerful oxidizers known -- stronger than chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and potassium permanganate. And through catalysis, (H2O2) can be converted into hydroxyl radicals (.OH) with reactivity second only to fluorine.
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) is a colourless liquid that resembles water in many respects. Its physical properties are very similar to those of water, except that it is 40% denser. The main difference between hydrogen peroxide and water, however, is in its chemical behaviour. The single bond between the two oxygen atoms is weak, so that H2O2 readily fragments into either H and HO2 or two OHs. Either way, the resulting species are free radicals, which means they are very reactive, and this makes H2O2 a very powerful oxidizing agent. For this reason it has been utilized in rocket propulsion, when it is used to oxidise the hydrazine fuel, liberating hot gases (steam and oxygen) which propel the rocket forward. When something acts as an oxidising agent is gains electrons (removing them from the oxidised species) (Ganie et al., 2009).
For this purpose, this study has been designed to find out the appropriate method to cook eggplant at domestic level, so that maximum level of antioxidants could be obtained in our food, because antioxidants play a very important role in prevention of many chronic diseases. So, four different cooking methods i.e, grilling, cooking under pressure, boiling and deep frying has been selected for this study because these cooking methods are applied frequently at domestic level.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2191,T] (1).
31.
Effect Of Supplementation Of Fructo-Oligosaccharides And Manno-Oligosaccharides On Serum Biochemical Parameters In High-Fat Fed Rats
by Anam Jeelani (2013-VA-593) | Dr. Muhammad Quaid Zaman | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Nauman Zahid.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Obesity is a public health issue, leading to metabolic disorders usually associated with the formation of cardiovascular disorder, fatty liver diseases and diabetes type II (Dewulf et al. 2006). Many factors considered to emergence of dyslipidemia and obesity (Parekh et al. 2014). Imbalance between intake of energy and utilizing of energy cause obesity, it might be caused by various factors including food intake, lack of physical activities, modern life style inherited, hypertension, and type of diet (Arora and Sharma 2011).
Many species of micro-organisms occupied gastrointestinal tract (GIT). But in colon portion most important populations are existing and showing symbiosis relationship which helps in maintaining good health (Roberfroid et al. 2010).GIT microflora is participating in metabolic disorders and obesity as well, indicating the fatty animal and human having different gut microbiota composition as compared to slim ones (Sanz et al. 2010). Reductions in Bacteroidetes and rise of the relative abundance of Firmicutes have been associated with obesity (Parnell et al. 2011).
Bifidobacteria play a part in the development of obesity and its related co-morbidities (Delzenne et al. 2011).It was found that decreased number of Bifidobacteria at birth was associated with overweight later in childhood (Kalliomaki et al. 2008). Diabetes mellitus type II patients having very less amount of such type of bacteria as compared to non diabetic person (Wu et al. 2010). Man considered as Holobiont or super-organism because of in its composition only 10% of human cells while rest of 90% are micro-organisms (Lederberg 2000).
Prebiotics are short chain length carbohydrates (Hang et al. 2013), non-digestible food constituents which significantly effects on the person by enhancing the metabolic activity, growth and also induce the production of GIT microbiota (Manning and Gibson 2004) and induce the growth of beneficial microflora and overcome the pathogenic organism (Gibson et al. 1995). The small intestine not having the enzymes for the decomposition of prebiotics, finally they reach the large intestine (Strickling et al. 2000; Gibson and Roberfroid 1995) where they are utilized by the beneficial microbiota to produce volatile fatty acids (VFAs) (Yang et al. 2007), finally the pH of the brush border microenvironment goes down and reducing the pathogenic effects.
Generally, intestinal microbiota considered as important for health issues and immunomodulatory activities and food intake induce and stimulate the GIT (Rehman et al. 2007). Microbiota has significant roles in the host physiology, commencing from nutritional and metabolism, to infection and disease. Many evidences show, prebiotics in GIT stimulates many other systems as well for example lymphoid system (GALT). The expenditure of prebiotics can modulate defensive elements in GALT, secondary lymphoid tissues and blood circulation (Schley and Field 2007).
This selectivity was shown for bifidobacteria, which may be promoted by the ingestion of substances such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin (Gibson et al. 1995), transgalactosylated oligosaccharides (Tanaka et al. 1983).
FOS is an important group of prebiotics, which induce the production of bacteria in lower intestinal tract (Hang et al. 2013). FOS are oligosaccharides that found in plants for example in garlic, onion, artichoke, chicory, asparagus, banana, and in different plants. FOS composed of linear units of fructose and link together by beta (2-1) linkage.2 to 60 fructose number units together and end on glucose. Small intestine does not having the property to digest and hydrolysed the dietary FOS. While it contain Glycosidases and until it will be in ceum and there is no structural change of it. Then in metabolism of gut microbiota FOS converted into small chain carbolic acid, L-lactate, Hydrogen, Carbondioxide and other compounds. It contain very significant properties while low sweetness, may be use as calorie free, non-carcinogenic and are considered as soluble edible fibre. Many important and beneficial physiological aspects such as rate of mineral absorption increases, reduction of phosphoplipds, total cholesterol and triglycerides. Many food products contain FOS infant formulas causes to their prebiotic effect induce the growth of non-pathogenic gut microbiota. Metabolism affects the feces nature as well as the speed of deposition, and dose of 4-15 g/day taken by a normal person definitely having low constipation rate, also assume as a major problem of growth in a society. (Sabater-Molina et al. 2009).
FOS with significantly effected on GIT microbiota,lowering the GIT infections, and also possessing a recognized bifidogenic effect. Normally, prebiotics compounds collected by the extraction of many plants and then hydrolysed by enzymatic activity of sucrose (Hang et al. 2013).
Manno-oligosaccharide (MOS) obtained from mannans present on the cell wall of a fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well recognized prebiotic that contain competitive attaching sites for many bacteria, that’s why having capacity for many ligands. Pathogens having the mannose-specific fimbriae adsorb to the MOS rather intestinal epithelial cells (Spring et al. 2000).
Idea of prebiotics introduced in 1995, considered as non-digestable and partially fermented oligosaccharides found in food elements. Their presence in GIT may lower the effect of disease in colon. That idea about Prebiotics is revisited and possible mechanisms are proposed. Many functional aspects related to metabolism of prebiotics are assumed in sense of reducing many disorders (Van Loo 2004).
It is assumed that prebiotics have effects on the immune system, as it stabilizes the intestine by enhancing the gut microflora especially lactobacilli and some selected strains, which may change can modify host innate and acquired defensive mechanisms and also help to save in respiratory infections (Hori et al. 2001). Main objective of our current study is to elucidate effects of MOS, FOS supplementation on production performance, physiological indices of health including blood glucose level, total cholesterol, triglycerides etc.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2222-T] (1).
32.
Response Of Dietary Supplementation Of Β-Galacto-Oligosaccharides And Benzoic Acid On Growth Performance And Gastrointestinal Physiology In Broiler Chickens
by Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf (2007-VA-538) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Prof. Dr. Juergen Zentek | Prof. Dr. Ijaz Ahmad | Prof. Dr. Kamran Ashraf.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Efficient poultry production depends upon a number of crucial factors that include optimum nutrient digestibility, bioavailability and maximum conversion into end products like meat and egg as well as low morbidity and mortality in the flock. In the past, antibiotics were used successfully as growth promoters in poultry and animal feed to improve production performance. However, it has become increasingly apparent that many problems are associated with the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs); most importantly, the emergence of increasing numbers of microbes resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, AGPs were banned in the poultry as well as in the livestock industries of many countries. Due to withdrawal of AGPs, the poultry industry faced outbreak of diseases, high mortality, compromised growth performance and thus low profitability. Researchers and producers must, therefore, seek an alternate for AGPs that provide safety both for poultry and consumer health. Many potential candidates have subsequently been put forth and evaluated to replace AGPs that include prebiotics, probiotics, phytobiotics and organic acids. These AGPs replacers showed variable degree of success depending upon nutritional, managemental and hygienic conditions. Keeping in view the importance of AGP replacers, it was the purpose of this study to the growth promoting potential of β-galacto-oligosaccharides (β-GOS), a prebiotic, and benzoic acid (BA), an organic acid, in growing broilers.
In experiment-1, 200 day old Hubbard broiler chicks, were randomly divided into four treatment groups (n = 50) with five replicates (n = 10) in each group. Birds in different treatment groups were allotted four different types of diets. Birds in the control group (β-GOS-0) were given ad-libitum corn based basal diet, free of antimicrobials and coccidiostats, whereas birds in three other experimental groups were given the same basal diets supplemented with different concentrations of β-GOS i.e., 0.1% (β-GOS-1), 0.2% (β-GOS-2) and 0.5% (β-GOS-5) for a period of 35 days. Birds in all the experimental groups were vaccinated against the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infectious bursal disease virus by giving primary and booster doses according to the schedule. Moreover, birds were also sensitized against 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene for determination of cell mediated immunity (CMI). Body weights, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency were determined on a weekly basis. At the end of experiment, ten birds from each group were slaughtered to collect blood, organs and caecal digesta for determination of serum biochemical metabolites and humoral immunity, organ characteristics and selected caecal digesta bacteria, respectively. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance and incase of significant F-value (P < 0.05), data were subjected to Tukey's-HSD post hoc test. Results demonstrated that growth performance and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) of β-GOS supplemented birds were improved (P < 0.05) in a dose dependent manner, with the highest body weights (P < 0.05) and improved FCE (P < 0.05) observed in the β-GOS-5 group. Relative weights of liver and pancreas were higher (P < 0.05) in the β-GOS-1 group. Likewise, CMI was also higher (P < 0.05) in the β-GOS-1 group. Concentrations of caecal Lactobacilli spp. were higher in the β-GOS-2 and β-GOS-5 groups. The serum biochemical metabolites, humoral immunity in terms of antibodies titres against NDV and Clostridia spp. and coliforms were not affected by dietary supplementation of β-GOS. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 0.5% β-GOS conferred a better response in terms of growth performance, feed conversion efficiency and caecal Lactobacilli spp. in broilers.
In experiment-2, 120 day old male Cobb broiler chicks were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n = 40) with eight replicates (n = 5) in each group. Birds in different treatment groups were allotted three different types of diets. Birds in the control group (CON) were given ad-libitum maize based basal diets, free of antimicrobials and coccidiostats, whereas birds in two other experimental groups were given the same basal diets supplemented with two different types of BA i.e., 0.096% free BA (FBA) and 0.2% slow releasing BA (SBA) for a period of 35 days. Body weights, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency were determined on a weekly basis. At the end of the experimental period, birds from each group were slaughtered to collect digesta from the crop, proventriculus, gizzard, proximal small intestine, ileum and caecum for determination of benzoic acid, microbial metabolites, microbial populations and molecular microbial ecology. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance and incase of significant F-value (P < 0.05), data were subjected to Tukey's-HSD post hoc test. Results revealed that overall growth performance, feed intake and FCE remained unchanged among all the treatment groups. Total short chain fatty acids were only increased (P < 0.05) in the gizzard by both types of BA supplementation. Likewise, D-lactate concentration was increased (P < 0.05) by both types of BA in crop digesta, whereas, L-lactate was only increased (P < 0.05) by SBA in crop digesta. Both types of BA increased (P < 0.05) the concentrations of L-lactate, D-lactate and acetic acid in gizzard, and D-lactate in proximal small intestine. Concentrations of i-butyric acid and i-valeric acid were decreased (P < 0.05) in caecal digesta by both types of BA, whereas, n-valeric acid was only decreased (P < 0.05) by SBA supplementation in caecal digesta. Concentrations of both types of BA in different segments of gastrointestinal tract were comparable. Concentrations of gizzard Lactobacilli spp. were higher in both the BA supplemented groups, whereas, L. johnsoni and L. reuteri concentrations were higher in the SBA group compared with the control group. Similarly, in the proximal small intestine both types of BA increased the population of Lactobacilli spp., L. reuteri, L. amylovorus and Enterococci spp. Ileal concentrations of Lactobacilli spp., L. johnsoni, L. amylovorus and S. alactolyticus were higher (P < 0.05) in SBA group, whereas, L. reuteri was increased (P < 0.05) both by the FBA and SBA supplementations. Microbial populations of crop and caecum remained unchanged among all the treatment groups. Results of ileal molecular microbial ecology analysis revealed that evenness was higher (P < 0.05) in both the BA supplemented groups, whereas, the Sorensen index (P < 0.05) and the Renkonen index (< 0.5) were different only in the SBA group. However, caecal microbial ecology analysis revealed no changes among all the treatment groups. In conclusion, FBA and SBA supplementations produced similar responses in terms of microbial metabolites production with no effect on overall growth performance and feed conversion efficiency. However, SBA conferred some advantages over FBA in terms of increased bacterial concentrations, especially some species of the Lactobacilli as well as S. alactolyticus, and improved ileal molecular microbial ecology.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2310-T] (1).
33.
Study Of Wound Healing Effects Relating To Topical Application Of Human Saliva On Rabbits
by Sanila Amin (2013-VA-281) | Prof. Dr. Tahir Yaqub | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Habib ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Histatin proteins present in human saliva have been observed to show natural antibacterial and antifungal properties, as well as play a role in wound healing. These naturally occurring proteins can serve as effective agents when combating microbial infections of vulnerable wounds that have become drug resistant, without inducing negative side effects in the host. Focusing on these proteins can create a new outlook with regards to wound-healing medicine for both humans and animals.
Subjects of this study were 30 fully grown adult male rabbits weighing 2.0 to 3.4 kg and ranging from 8 to 16 months in age. They were acclimatized for two weeks in stainless steel cages and fed commercial diets, vegetables, crushed wheat and corn all over the whole experiment. Out of all 30 rabbits 24 rabbits were experimental on which saliva was applied, three were negative control to check natural wound healing, and three were positive control on which wound healing medicine was applied.
The 24 experimental rabbits were further divided into four groups with each group consisting of 6 rabbits to check the effect of age on wound healing. The age groups of human samples were divided as 15-25, 25-35, 35-45 and 45-55 (Verma et al. 2013). Saliva of human individuals belonging from these four age groups was applied on the wounds of experimental group. Furthermore, all age groups contained saliva from both gender i.e. each age group consisted of 3 male and 3 female saliva samples.
Furthermore, DNA was extracted from blood samples of the same individuals from whom saliva samples were procured. HTN1 gene which is responsible for the production of salivary histatin protein was amplified using specific primers and PCR optimization.
CHAPTER 6
SUMMARY
33
The results of this study demonstrated the wound healing properties of histatin proteins present in saliva and thus, providing a basis of using the natural ability of human saliva to act as a major component in the future of medicine for wound healing and preventing wound infections in both human and animals. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2344-T] (1).
34.
Identification Of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism In Toll Like Receptor 4 Gene And Its Association With Mastitis In Sahiwal Cows
by Hafiz Kamran Rizwan Ullah (2013-VA-557) | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Dr. Muhammad Wasim | Prof. Dr. Habib Ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Several factors militate against realizing the milk production potential of cows. Mastitis is one of the shocking maladies of milch animals causing high production losses to livestock industry in Pakistan and elsewhere in the world. Mastitis has been familiar as one of the most inexpensively important diseases affecting dairy animal’s worldwide.
Susceptibility and resistance to mastitis is a complex trait and influenced by genetic variation of the immunity genes of animals. Among these variations, the polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 4 gene (TLR4) play important role in the immune response to mastitis. Polymorphism in exon 3 of TLR4 gene is associated with mastitis susceptibility and resistance. It is a potential candidate gene for screening of the mastitis susceptible and resistant dairy cows.
The present study was designed for the identification of polymorphism in TLR4gene associated with mastitis. Blood samples from 20 Sahiwal cows having clinical and subclinical mastitis were sampled. Blood sample of 10 normal Sahiwal cows was also collected. DNA was extracted. Specific primers for amplification of TLR4 gene were designed from NCBI.
TLR4gene was amplified and sequenced to get the desire sequence of this gene. Comparative analysis of the resulted sequences using NCBI BLAST was done.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2392-T] (1).
35.
Aazan
by Habib Ur Rehman Hashmi.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Multan, Pakistan: Maktaba Qasmia; 2008Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.3 Habib 23622 1st 2008 Islam] (1).
36.
In Vitro Effects Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles On Electrophysiological Indices Of Jejunal Mucosa Of Laying Hens
by Wajeeha Mehmood (2013-VA-899) | Prof. Dr. Habib-Ur-Rehman | Dr. Muhammad Quaid Zaman | Dr. Hafsa Zaneb.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Zn is a vital micro-nutrient in living body and food industries have been using Zn as feed additive in animal diets. Previous studies presented that the performance of organic Zn differ from inorganic Zn due to higher bioavailability of organic Zn than that of inorganic Zn, but the addition of organic Zn in animal diet is costly. Therefore, to fulfil animal’s requirements, Zn is added in excess than the normal requirement. This can leads to environmental pollution when stool with excess Zn is released outside. Also the excess dietary Zn may cause other trace elements and vitamins. NPs are regarded to be highly absorbed into the gastrointestinal systems than larger particles. ZnO NPs in lesser quantity instead of bulk-sized ZnO, can be a better option. Different zinc salts affects the intestinal ion transport. There is less information about ZnO NPs effects on intestinal transport. The current study is established to study the in vitro effects of ZnO NPs on electrophysiological properties and its flux across jejunal mucosa of laying hens. Twelve White Leghorn laying hens were procured from a local commercial farm, kept in a shed and provided with feed and water ad libitum. After a week the birds were killed and jejunum was then removed, washed and conveyed in ice-cold oxygenated buffer to the laboratory within 5 minutes. Four segments were taken out of jejunum and designated with four groups (Control, ZnO 70 µM, ZnO NPs 70 µM and ZnO 35 µM). Each of the segment were mounted on separate UC. After mounting, twenty minutes were given to the tissues for equilibration under open circuit and then short-circuited by clamping the voltage at 0 mV. After getting the base line, the ZnO NPs and ZnO were added in separate chambers. The ZnO NPs or ZnO was added to the mucosal compartment of the Ussing chamber where its response was noted. Glucose was added after the incubation of approximately twenty to twenty five minutes. The electrical response was measured as the peak response obtained two minutes after the addition of glucose. The change in Isc (∆Isc) was estimated after addition of ZnO, ZnO NPs and glucose. Presentation of data was done as means ± S.E.M. The data was analyzed using One-Way Analysis of variance. The group differences were compared by the Post Hoc Tukey Test. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. The result showed that there was an obvious decrease in Isc of tissue treated with ZnO (Group II) but a slight increase in Isc was observed when segments treated with ZnO NPs at 70 µM and 35 µM concentration (Group III and IV). Statistically, the mean ∆Isc values of Group II was significantly different from control, Group III and IV. While Group III and IV were not significantly different from control. Also, no change existed between Group III and IV. A significant decline in glucose induced Isc was observed in tissue of Group II as compare to control, Group III and IV. There was a slight non-significant decline in glucose induced Isc when treated with ZnO NPs at 70 µM and 35 µM concentration. In conclusion, ZnO NPs are not showing any significant interference with the ionic and glucose transport and can be used as a food supplement to fulfil Zn demands. On the other hand, ZnO suppress Cl- ion secretion and glucose transport in vitro. Further confirmation of these fact needs more studies with more decreased dose of ZnO NPs.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2439-T] (1).
37.
Physical, Chemical and Biological Treatment of Rice Husk to Improve Its Nutrative Value
by Rahat Naseer (2003-VA-196) | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Thesis submitted without CD. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2450-T] (1).
38.
The Effect Of Feeding Of Physically, Chemically And Biologically Treated Rice Husk On Serum Minerals In Sheep
by Sohrab Ahmad (2014-VA-529) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Youaf | Dr. Rahat Naseer.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Rice is the second major cereal crop cultivated in Pakistan. The rice crop‘s residual parts, i.e. straw and husk are used as an animal feed. To enhance the nutritive value and digestibility of these residues different treatments are used, including Physical, Chemical and Biological treatments to enhance animal performance. In the present study, the effect of Physical, Chemical and Biological treatment of rice husk was observed on the serum mineral profile which is also an indicator of an animal’s performance.
Thirty six adult sheep were divided into six groups. Negative control group 1, positive control 2, physically treated group 3 acid treated rice feeding group 4, alkali treated rice husk group 5, and biologically fermented rice husk group 6. Each group received 20% treated rice husk along with the routine ration. Blood was collected at day 60 and serum was separated, which was analyzed for minerals by using atomic absorption specrophotometrery and flame photometry.
Data was analyzed using SPSS software. One-way ANOVA was applied on data to observe among the group difference while group differences were compared by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05.
The results revealed that serum level of zinc was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in group 6 compared to group 4 and 1 but similar to group 2 and other treatment groups (figure 1). However, we found a tendency towards significance (p=0.056) in serum calcium level, which was higher in group 5 compared to other treatment groups and group 1 but was found similar to group 2. The serum sodium level also showed a trend towards significance (p=0.072) in group 2, 3 and 5 compared to group 6. Serum iron and potassium level were found non-significant (p<0.05) in all treatments groups compared to group 1 and 2. Blood hemoglobin level was found significantly higher (P=0.013) in control positive group compared to control negative group, 3, 4, 5and was similar to group 6. The platelet count was found in a tendency towards significance (P=0.062), higher in all treatment groups compared to the negative control group. The hematological parameters, i.e. RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, and MCHC were found non-significant (p< 0.05) in both the control groups and all treatment groups.
Concluding the above discussion, we suggest that fermented rice husk feeding may have better effect on the animal n terms of increase in minerals retention and hemoglobin level in the blood which will cause an increase in the metabolic activities and hence growth of the animal.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2465-T] (1).
39.
Effects Of Ethanolic And Aqueous Extracts Roots And Leaves Of Catharanthus Roseus On Serum Biochemical Parameters In Broilers
by Kiran Sabir (2014-VA-05) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Muhammad ShahbazYousaf | Mr.Shahid Abbas.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: The study was designed to checkthe effects of supplementation of C. roseus in various concentrations (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%) as an alternative to AGPs on various physiological indices of birdshealth. Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) have been used in poultry farms as a drug resistance and drug residues. Now, there is a need to look for safe alternative for AGPs. Catharanthusroseushaving the properties of antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant and growth promoter.
Total 260 birds weretaken and divided into the 13 groups. Each group was further sub-divided into four replicates with 5 birds in each replicate. The birds were supplemented with basal diet (Group A) and all other groups were supplemented with diet of aqueous extract of Cathrathusroseus at the concentration of 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% in the Groups B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K,L and M for 35 days trial. During the trial period, the birds were vaccinated with Newcastle disease and Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccine (IBDV). Blood was also collected on day 35 to determine the concentration of various physiological indices.
Statistical analysis was conducted by using Statistical Packages For Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20 USA). To analyzed the data one way ANOVA was used.Post hoc test was carried out using tukey.
The results of glucose was found significantly higher (P<0.05) in group H compared to group K and M but similar to group B, C, D, E, F, G, I and J and M. The results of total cholesterol was found significantly higher (P<0.05) in group A, B, D, G, and I compared to group F and J but similar to group C, E, H, K, L and M.The serum Triglycerides concentrationwas no significantly (P<0.05) difference in all treatment groups compared to the control group.The serum ALT concentration was found significantly higher (P<0.05) in group F, G L and M than control group but similar in Groups B, C D E, H, I, J and K.The serum AST concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05) in group K and significantly lower in Groups B,C,I,J,L,M but similar in Groups D,E,F,G,H,A .
It was concluded that Catharanthusroseus can be use as a cheaper, easiest and quickly available source as an alternative of antibiotic in the poultry.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2504-T] (1).
40.
In Vitro Study Of The Effect Of Menthol On Electrophysiological Indices Of Isolated Rumen Epithelium In Goat
by Najma Khan (2014-VA-506) | Dr. Imtiaz Rabbani | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Hafsa Zaneb.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Ammonia is product of protein metabolism and its reabsorption occur by non-selective cation channels across rumen epithelium otherwise it will not be available as non-protein nitrogen source and excreted out causing hazard to environment. At physiological pH, ammonia is present as NH4+ in rumen and its transport leads to electrophysiological changes. It was reported that addition of menthol to the isolated rumen epithelium of cattle cause electrophysiological changes, primarily linked to the ammonium transport suggesting presence of non-selective cation channels. Addition of cation channel modulators such as menthol to diet can enhance absorption of nitrogen in the rumen. Scarce data was available for rumen epithelium of goats which has a large contribution in livestock population and has a great potential for mutton market revealing effect of cation channel modulators on electrophysiology and ammonium transport. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of menthol on electrophysiological changes and its link to ammonia transport in the isolated rumen epithelium of goats.
Hypothesis
Menthol may affect the electrophysiology of the isolated rumen epithelium of goats and enhance ammonia transport across rumen epithelium.
Methodology
Ten goats of uniform age and weight were selected and slaughtered in a local slaughter house. Reticulorumen was removed from the abdominal cavity and cleaned in a standard transport buffer solution. Serosal layer of rumen was removed and mounted in the Ussing chamber. Rumen epithelium was incubated with transport buffer solution and after 20 minutes replaced with ammonia containing buffer solution (10mM and 40mM respectively)
46
and changes in bioelectric parameters were observed. Menthol in concentration of 1mM was added to mucosal side and electrophysiological parameters like Isc and Gt were observed. Moreover, pH of serosal side was checked after menthol treatment at time intervals 20, 60 and 90 minutes respectively to assess ammonia transport.
Results
Menthol affected the electrophysiology of isolated rumen epithelium of goats by increasing short circuit current due to increase in ammonia concentrations in the rumen. Menthol addition in 40mM NH4Cl containing solution significantly increased current (p value = 0.00). ΔIsc was also significant between the groups containing 10 and 40mM NH4Cl containing solution. Change in potential difference was significant after addition of menthol in both groups (P = 0.00). Conductance increased significantly by increasing concentration of ammonia (p value = 0.03). PH of serosal side decreased, suggesting possible NH4+ uptake, while on mucosal side increase in pH was observed.
Statistical analysis
Data were analyzed by using completely randomized ANOVA followed by post-hoc test LSD. Level of significance was set at 0.05.
Conclusion
Menthol treatment affects the electrophysiological indices of isolated rumen epithelium of goat presumably by opening non-selective cation channels and enhances ammonium transport across rumen epithelium increasing recycling of nitrogen. This may leads to efficient protein utilization by the animals. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2558-T] (1).
41.
Azan
by Habib ur Rehman Hashmi.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: Publisher: Multan: Maktaba Qasmia: 2008Availability: No items available
42.
Evaluation Of Cardioprotective Effect Of Citric Acid On Serum Biochemical Profile Against Isoproterenol Induced Myocardial Infarction In Rabbits
by Aasma Shabbir (2014-VA-525) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Dr. Nisar Ahmad .
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Isoproterenol is a drug which is used to treat heart attack, congestive heart failure, shock and certain types of irregular heartbeat. In addition to this, it is also employed during the process of anesthesia to avoid the constriction of airways. Isoproterenol is a synthetic catecholamine which produced myocardial infarction because of production of cytotoxic free radicals. Citric acid is water soluble and is most important antioxidant and enzyme cofactor. Recent evidence suggests that citric acid possess antioxidant activity.
The aim of this study was to optimize a supplement at which citric acid can act as cardio protector against isoproterenol and also to evaluate its effect on level of CK-MB, serum glucose, serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, AST, ALT, ALP.
Forty rabbits were selected and housed in the experimental shed of the Department of physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. Before the arrival of rabbits, the shed was cleaned and fumigated. The rabbits were divided randomly in to five groups, each with eight replicates (n=8 in each group). Animals were treated by following treatment plan; Group 1: (Negative Control) Animals received normal saline 1ml orally for 14 days. Group 2: (Positive Control) Animals received normal saline 1ml orally for 14 days and then myocardial infarction induced on 15th day. Group 3: Animals received citric acid 250 mg/kg body weight orally (dissolved in 1 ml distill water) for 14 days and then myocardial infarction induced on 15th day. Group 4: Animals received citric acid 500 mg/kg bodyweight orally (dissolved in 1 ml distill water) for 14 days and then myocardial infarction induced on 15th day. Group 5: Animals received citric acid 750 mg/kg body weight orally (dissolved in 1 ml distill water) for 14 days and then myocardial infarction induced on 15th day.
At the end of the experiment, rabbits were slaughtered to collect blood samples for serum biochemical analysis (CK-MB, lipid profile, LFT’s, RFT’s, serum glucose). Data was analyzed by one way analysis of variance using SPSS software (SPSS Inc. version 20, Chicago, Illinois). The group differences were studied by using Duncan’s multiple range tests. The P value <0.05 was considered as significant. Data was presented as mean ± SD.
Results showed that the level of CK-MB, creatinine, urea, HDL-C, ALT were found significant (P<0.05) in rabbits compared with the control. While there was no significant effect found on serum glucose, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALP in all the experimental groups compared with control.
From our study we have concluded that supplementation of citric acid has cardioprotective effect against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rabbits. It shows significant effect on CK-MB, HDL-C, ALT, urea and creatinine. While there was no significant effect found on serum glucose, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, AST, ALP.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2703-T] (1).
43.
Electrophysiological Evalution Of Patients Suffering From Juvenile Epilepsy
by Masuma Amin (2014-VA-526) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Ahsan Numan | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Ms. Amina Chughtai.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Epilepticogenic seizures are episodes of excessive, abnormal and repeatsynchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Seizures can be accompanied by clinical neurological symptoms as alterations in consciousness and abnormal body movements.These epileptic activities are causing impermanent disturbance in brain an message signals became mixed up and it results in epileptic seizure. The electrophysiological changes occur in epileptic seizure in the brain and it can be diagnosed by the EEG which is an electrical presentation of impulses on a paper. The electrophysiological evaluation of children with epilepsy was made by the EEG machine. There are many risk factors contributing to the occurrence of epilepsy including cousin marriages, positive family history and affected sibling. Different types of seizures are studied which included Generalized tonic clonic, Myoclonic and tonic clonic.
This study was a cross sectional study in which 50 epileptic children and 25 control subjects with no epilepsy were studied. The age of the patients was between 4-18 years divided into 4 groups regardless of gender in this study conducted in Services Hospital Lohore.EEG was performed and history has been taken, a questionnaire was filled by parents and clinical examination was done.
This study showed that there are electrophysiological changes in epileptic seizure and the wave changes exhibit in epilepsy (p=0.03) which shows significant results .Similarly the history of family with epilepsy has significant relation with occurrence of epilepsy(p= 0.037). The cousin marriage are also contributing factors in occurrence of epilepsy as it has link with genes and it run into families showing the significant association (p= 0.040).The sibling are also affected if there is presence of epilepsy in any one of the child in the family(p=0.020). Hague severity scale was applied that reveals that the severity of epilepsy occurred as the number of scale increases and it affects the daily activity of the individuals.Chi Square test was applied to analyze the Electrophysiological changes in epilepsy while Binary Logistic Regression was applied to analyze the different contributing factors in prevalence and occurrence of epilepsy.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2719-T] (1).
44.
Effects Of Mannanoligosaccharides Feeding On Selected Mineral Profile In Post-Weaned Goat Kids
by Tasneem Kausar (2014-VA-556) | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Saif ur Rehman Kashif.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Minerals play a pivotal role in kids’ growth and development. Minerals deficiency in young age has lifelong consequences. It is necessary to maintain adequate level of minerals in kids body to match their requirements. This can be achieved either by supplementing diet with minerals or by enhancing their absorption. Mannan-oligosaccharides supplementation can enhance minerals concentration in liver, muscles, blood and kidney by enhancing their absorption in gastrointestinal tract.
Ten healthy goat kids were selected for study purpose to evaluate effects of prebiotics supplementation on minerals profile of serum, liver, muscles and kidneys. These kids were divided into 2 groups. One group (control group) was on normal basal diet other the experimental group was fed with diet supplemented with 1 g mannan-oligosaccharides. The kids were slaughtered on day 75 and sampling was done. Clear non hemolysed sera were separated for serum mineral analysis. Samples from liver muscles and kidneys cut into small pieces and dried. Wet digestion of samples done and upto 50 ml of solution of each sample was made for spectrophotometry. Calcium levels are analyzed by flame photometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to evaluate levels of copper, zinc and iron.
Results obtained are statistically analyzed by applying students-t test and presented as mean ± SE and considered significant at P < 0.05. The results of the study, to evaluate the relationship between mannan-oligosaccharides supplementation and minerals absorption, were not significant. MOS has not any significant effects on minerals profile in goat kids.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2711-T] (1).
45.
Sajda Sahoo kay Masayal
by Habib ur Rehman.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Maktaba e Khalil; 2000Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Habib 32114 1st 2000 Islam] (1).
46.
Evaluation Of Antiviral Activity Of Opuntia Delliniand Carica Papayaagainst Newcastle Disease Virus
by Rizwan Aslam Rai (2008-VA-578) | Dr. Aqeel Javeed | Dr. Habib-ur-Rehman | Dr. Qamar Niaz.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: This Study was designed to find out the antiviral activity of Opuntia dellini and Carica
papaya against Newcastle disease virus.
In this study three different concentrations(2%,4% and 8%) of aquous extracts of fresh leaves of Opuntia dellini andCarica papaya leaves were evaluated for their antiviral activity by injecting into 10 days old live embryonated broiler chicken eggs, through chorioallantoic sac route. For each drug (Opuntia dellini and Carica papaya), embryonated eggs were treated with three different concentrations to evaluate toxicity and to check the antiviral efficacy. Embryonated eggs were treated with the suspensions of three different concentration of drug with 4HA titer ofNewcastle disease virus(NDV)
In case of Opuntia delliniiall the three concentrations used were non toxic for embryos but antiviral effect was observed only by 4gm and 8gm/100ml concentrations of the respective extracts of respective plant.Carica papaya leaves extract, 2gm, 4gm and 8gm/100ml were failed to check viral replication, but were not lethal for chicken embryos.
Thewhole data contained constant values so only descriptive statistics was applied to evaluate results and for comparison studies.
So it is concluded that Both plants are non toxic for embyonated chick eggs as all embyos were alive in groups C1,C2 and C3, whileOpuntia dellinishowed antiviral effect against NDV at 4 gm and 8 gm/100ml doses as all embryos remained alive in groups, D1,D2, D3.Whereas Carica papaya extract could not show antiviral effect as embryos died in their respective groups D1, D2, and D3. As outcome it investigated that Opuntia dellini can be used in poultry flocks to avoid Newcastle disease.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2761-T] (1).
47.
Assessment Of Post Prandial Glycemic Response Of Pasteurized Camel Milk In Comparison With Pasteurized Cow Milk Among Normal, Prediabetic And Diabetic Human Subjects
by Moeena Baig (2014-VA-770) | Dr. Muhammad Nasir | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Assessment Of Post Prandial Glycemic Response Of Pasteurized Camel Milk In Comparison With Pasteurized Cow Milk Among Normal, Prediabetic And Diabetic Human Subjects Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2739-T] (1).
48.
Assessment Of Post Prandial Glycemic Response Of Pasteurized Camel Milk In Comparison With Pasteurized Cow Milk Among Normal, Prediabetic And Diabetic Human Subjects
by Moeena Baig (2014-VA-770) | Dr. Muhammad Nasir | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Zubair Farooq.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Assessment Of Post Prandial Glycemic Response Of Pasteurized Camel Milk In Comparison With Pasteurized Cow Milk Among Normal, Prediabetic And Diabetic Human Subjects Availability: No items available
49.
Comparison Of Cold Versus Warm Blood Cardioplegia In Diabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting On Cardiopulmonary Bypass
by Komal Saeed Awan (2014-VA-953) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Wasim Shehzad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: In cardiopulmonary bypass, inflammatory reaction started in the body as the blood cells comes in contact with the nonphysiological surfaces. This response is more prominent in high risk diabetic patients. Since warm cardioplegia is more prone to an incidence of stroke, increase level of cardiac enzymes and is more controversial. However, cold blood cardioplegia gives better myocardial protection, less inotropic support and inflammatory response.
Data were collected on pre designed proforma for the pre operative, per operative and post operative findings. Consecutive 140 patients were included in this study after fulfilling the inclusive criteria. In this seven day trial we compared hospital outcomes of diabetic patients undergoing CABG (coronary artery bypass grafting) on cardiopulmonary bypass with either intermittent antegradge cold or warm blood cardioplegia. Outcomes of this trial were divided into primary and secondary end points. Hospital mortality was primary end point and need of ionotropic support, left ventricular function, infection, inflammation and cardiac enzymes were secondary end point. Ionotropic support data indicated that cold blood cardioplegia is better than warm blood cardioplegia.
Results have demonstrated that risk factors like smoking, hyperlipidemia, renal failure has shown no significant results in both cardioplegia techniques. Ventricular assist device Intra aortic balloon pump has shown no significant results. Use of inotropes has shown significant results in both groups like adrenaline, nor-adrenaline and dopamine doses were higher in WBC. Post operative ejection fraction has shown no significant results between groups. Effect of cardiac enzymes and c-reactive protein has shown significant results in both groups. Results have demonstrated that in CBC Cardiac enzymes and inflammatory response were significantly less. Post operative blood parameters hemoglobin, serum creatinine and blood sugar level have shown significant differences between groups. Bypass time and aortic cross clamp have shown no effect between groups. The result of this study indicated that cold blood cardioplegia is superior over warm blood cardioplegia in cardiopulmonary bypass diabetic patients.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2747-T] (1).
50.
Comparison Of Cold Versus Warm Blood Cardioplegia In Diabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting On Cardiopulmonary Bypass
by Komal Saeed Awan (2014-VA-953) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Wasim Shehzad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: In cardiopulmonary bypass, inflammatory reaction started in the body as the blood cells comes in contact with the nonphysiological surfaces. This response is more prominent in high risk diabetic patients. Since warm cardioplegia is more prone to an incidence of stroke, increase level of cardiac enzymes and is more controversial. However, cold blood cardioplegia gives better myocardial protection, less inotropic support and inflammatory response.
Data were collected on pre designed proforma for the pre operative, per operative and post operative findings. Consecutive 140 patients were included in this study after fulfilling the inclusive criteria. In this seven day trial we compared hospital outcomes of diabetic patients undergoing CABG (coronary artery bypass grafting) on cardiopulmonary bypass with either intermittent antegradge cold or warm blood cardioplegia. Outcomes of this trial were divided into primary and secondary end points. Hospital mortality was primary end point and need of ionotropic support, left ventricular function, infection, inflammation and cardiac enzymes were secondary end point. Ionotropic support data indicated that cold blood cardioplegia is better than warm blood cardioplegia.
Results have demonstrated that risk factors like smoking, hyperlipidemia, renal failure has shown no significant results in both cardioplegia techniques. Ventricular assist device Intra aortic balloon pump has shown no significant results. Use of inotropes has shown significant results in both groups like adrenaline, nor-adrenaline and dopamine doses were higher in WBC. Post operative ejection fraction has shown no significant results between groups. Effect of cardiac enzymes and c-reactive protein has shown significant results in both groups. Results have demonstrated that in CBC Cardiac enzymes and inflammatory response were significantly less. Post operative blood parameters hemoglobin, serum creatinine and blood sugar level have shown significant differences between groups. Bypass time and aortic cross clamp have shown no effect between groups. The result of this study indicated that cold blood cardioplegia is superior over warm blood cardioplegia in cardiopulmonary bypass diabetic patients.
Availability: No items available
