1.
Impact Of Nutrition Education On Knowledge About Osteoporosis Among Women
by Aroob Hussain (2012-VA-399) | Ms. Tahreem Hussain | Dr. Sana Ullah Iqbal | Dr. Mamoona Chaudhary.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Osteoporosis is a serious public health problem. It leads to compromised bone health and quality of life deteriorates. As there is no cure to it, it is important to prevent it. The peak bone mass can be achieved prior to the age of 30. Therefore, prevention is most effective if done in childhood and adolescent. About 9.9 million people in Pakistan have osteoporosis of which 7.2 million are women. The occurrence of Pakistan is expected to rise in the coming years with an estimated prevalence of 11.3 million in 2020, and 12.9 million in 2050. Therefore, the high prevalence of osteoporosis in Pakistan is of public health concern. The nutrition knowledge about osteoporosis in women was improved after nutrition education. The study design was randomized pretest posttest control group design. A sample of 150 females aged between 16 - 30 years visiting Pakistan Society for the Rehabilitation and Disabled were selected through purposive sampling. Data was collected through closed ended questionnaire. Sample was divided into two equal groups; Control Group and Experimental Group. Both groups were pretested. The baseline knowledge of both the groups was assessed using a 27-item questionnaire. After pretesting nutrition education was imparted to the experimental group through various materials. Nutrition education was given once a week for 2 months (8 weeks). Each education session was of 30 minutes approximately. The educational tools used were handouts for participants and multimedia power point presentations. After 2 months, both control and experimental group were post-tested to assess the effectiveness of nutrition education. The data analysis was done using SPSS v.20 software. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used and qualitative data was presented in the form of descriptive statistics. Analysis of data was carried out by making tables and clustered bar charts. The study concluded that intervention (nutrition education) is effective on improving the knowledge and attitudes about Osteoporosis among females aged 16-30 years. The findings are in conformity with studies from Pakistan and abroad. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2583-T] (1).
2.
Comparative Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Various Nutritional Education Methods On Knowledge, Attitude And Practices Of School Going Children.
by Khadija Jamil (2014-VA-532) | Ms. Amina Chughtai | Ms. Tahreem Hussain | Muhammad Bilal.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Nutrition education is an essential component of nutrition intervention to improve dietary habits, food choices and to prevent nutritional deficiencies. During the developmental stage between 9-13 years the children experiences a period of remarkable physical, social-emotional, intellectual change and puberty begins to reshape their body. Poor dietary habits and lack of physical activity can be the main cause of poor nutritional status among school going children. Balanced diet has been promoted by health care professionals and food guide pyramid as a tool in relation to balanced diet. Along with basic energy and nutrients the concept of balance must be keep in mind. For proper growth and development and to prevent nutritional deficiencies it is important that children must adopt healthy eating patterns from the early stages of their life. The most important challenging task is to change attitude and modify the dietary behavior of children because most of the children do have information about healthy eating and proper nutrition. In order to change the unhealthy eating patterns of children to become permanent part of life style, nutrition education must provide to children by different nutrition education methods. The directive of the current research helped us to enhance the understanding of different nutritional educational methods and compared the results of three different nutritional education methods (audiovisual, brochure and oral) to improved students’ nutrition knowledge, attitude and dietary practices with the view of determining which method was the most effective. .
To compare the effectiveness of nutrition education methods data was collected from three different private schools of Lahore. The study sample consisted of 166 participants. The participants were divided into three groups. In Group 1 nutrition education lectures were
delivered through (audio visual), Group 2 nutrition education lectures were delivered through (brochures) and in Group 3 nutrition education lectures were delivered through (traditional oral method). Baseline data included weight, height, BMI and food frequency. The effects of various nutrition education methods on three groups were evaluated by using KAP questionnaire before and after nutrition education lectures delivered. Data were analyzed statistically through analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t test. Level of significance was defined as (p<0.05).
Study results demonstrated that majority of participants were normal weight with BMI 20.6±2.4 kg/m2. After three months, the post anthropometric measurements of students from different groups were indicating that the mean age, height and BMI from different schools were same when compared with baseline data. Dietary habits of the study participants in three groups (audiovisual, brochure, oral) were also assessed before and after nutrition education lectures were delivered. Analysis of food frequency questionnaire explored that few consumption of food items like milk, yogurt, chapatti, white bread, mutton increased with the passage of time which were statistically significant (p <0.05). The consumption of vegetables (potato and cabbage) and fruits (apple, guava and banana) were increased but they were not statistically significant (p>0.05).
The effect of three nutrition education methods (audiovisual, brochure and oral) revealed significant changes on knowledge, attitude and practices before and after nutrition education lectures in three groups. Of the three methods audiovisual, brochure, oral), the mean score of correct answers on knowledge, attitude and practices about balanced diet before nutrition education intervention was less as compared to post test. Although there was a significant changes on knowledge attitude and practices between three nutrition education methods, but the results of the present study revealed that the highest mean score of correct answers on knowledge, attitude and practices was seen in group 1 (audiovisual) than in group 3 (oral) and lastly in group 2 (brochure), indicating audiovisual as the most effective method to improve nutrition knowledge, attitude and practices of children on balanced diet.
The nutrition education lectures delivered through audiovisual method has shown to bring about an improvement in knowledge, attitude and practices on balanced diet as compared to other nutrition education methods (oral and brochures) used in the study. The present study demonstrated that after audiovisual, oral method was the second most effective to improve knowledge attitude and practices about balanced diet as compared to brochures.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2596-T] (1).
3.
Effect Of Nutrition Education On Dietary Compliance Of Pre-Diabetics
by Aniqa Maqbool (2014-VA-520) | Ms. Tahreem Hussain | Dr.Sanaullah Iqbal | Prof. Dr. Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Pre-diabetes or borderline diabetes, a condition characterized by impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance is a wakeup call to forestall the path leading to diabetes and its related complications. Nutrition education is thought to be a cornerstone in the prevention of chronic diseases. Intervening at right time through nutrition education will help to minimize the risk of diabetes.
The current study hypothesized that nutrition education can improve dietary compliance in pre-diabetics.
The current study was carried out on 400 participants who were interviewed and screened by arranging diabetes awareness camps arranged at Hafiz Medical and Diagnostic Centre.
Filled questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive and inferential statistics was done to analyze data.
The results of the current study showed positive effect of nutrition education on dietary compliance with improved blood glucose levels. The results showed compliance to go up with increasing education level (100% compliant in post-graduation) and importantly in extremely obese people (100%). Furthermore, it was observed that total calorie intake was significantly reduced by decrease in the intake of bakery products, starchy vegetables, refined sugar, sweets and desserts, fried products and sweetened carbonated beverages from baseline food consumption of pre-diabetics. Also, it was noted that consumption of fresh fruits, non-starchy and leafy vegetables was increased although not statistically significant but it replaced the refined carbohydrate intake thereby showing reduction in total percentage of carbohydrate consumed from total calories.
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Protein intake was statistically significant whereas percentage of fat consumed from total calories was not statistically significant between groups. Moreover, compliant pre-diabetics had significant improvement in fasting blood glucose levels on monitoring after 2 months of nutrition education whereas no statistically significant change was observed in anthropometrics measurements between groups although slight decrease was assessed in experimental group. Therefore, it can be concluded from the current study that nutrition education can definitively improve dietary compliance in pre-diabetics by good nutritional and lifestyle counseling. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2604-T] (1).
4.
Effect Of Various Classroom Educational Activities On Fresh Fruit Intake Of Children
by Anum Zafar (2014-VA-533) | Ms. Tahreem Hussain | Ms. Amina Chughtai | Mr. Muhammad Bilal.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Children of age group 3-4 years are developing their dietary habits. Multiple factors affect their eating preferences. Intake of fresh fruits is observed to be less in this age group. Initiative to improve fresh fruit intake during this age is of utmost importance as fruits are rich in micronutrients. The proposed study attempts to find out the effect of class activities on fresh fruit intake of children.
The current study hypothesized that class learning activities can improve the consumption of fresh fruits in children and the results of the current study indicates that fresh fruit intake can be increased by different educational activities.
A sample of 100 children 3-4 years of age enrolled in The Educators (Shahdara campus) participated in the study. They were divided in four equal sub groups, 25 children in each group. Each group was given the same weighed (109grams) fruit bowls for 20 mins. One group was the control group. In contrast the other three experimental groups received the treatment in the form of different class activities like animated movie, storytelling and the talk session. The fruit bowls were served after these activities and then the weight of the fruit bowls were recorded again. The experiment was performed thrice with a gap of one week to observe the difference. Those participants who were suffering from any type of allergy were excluded from this study.
Data of the leftover weight was analyzed statistically by SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics (frequency/percentage), graphs, tables and graphs were used to analyze the data of different days of the treatment. One way ANOVA was used to check the difference between the outputs of different groups.
The result of the current study showed that participant with the treatment of storytelling ate more than any other treatment with lowest mean value of left over weight 14.36, however the group which receive the treatment of discussion had the mean value of 21.49 and the treatment with movie had the mean value of 34.02. Participant belong to the control group did not eat much fruit because they had highest mean value of leftover weight of 39.69.
Therefore it can be concluded from the current study that there is a positive effect of different class based learning activities on fresh fruits intake in children of age group 3-4 year.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2659-T] (1).
5.
Effect Of Chicory (Cichorium Intybus L) Roots Powder On Blood Glucose Level Of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats
by Nazish Abid (2012-VA-782) | Dr. Sanaullah Iqbal | Ms. Tahreem Hussain | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: The increasing numbers of elderly people, eating calorie rich diets, obesity and lack of physical activity have increased a great the number of patients with diabetes. Worldwide According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) there were 6.9 million cases of diabetes in Pakistan in 2014 and occurrence of diabetes in adults of 20-79 years of age was 6.8 %.( International Diabetes Federation, cited on January 31, 2015). The feeding on chicory roots decreased the levels of plasma glucose, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and also reduced liver cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipids of diabetic patient. In the present study, it was aimed to utilize a indigenous sources like prebiotics to overcome the representative burden on economy and estimating the outcome of administration of chicory powder for use as a substitute mediator of insulin in the control of diabetes mellitus.
In the present study, chicory roots were cleaned, oven dried and ground to fine powder. The proximate analysis of chicory powder was performed. For feeding trial, thirty two Albino rats 5 to 6 weeks age, almost of same weight and mixed sex were procured and were randomly divided into four groups i.e. (A) Control , (B) Diabetic control, (C) Chicory treated and (D) Metformin treated group containing six rats each (three male and three female). Each group of rats was fed with a high fat diet (20%) for the first 2 weeks of adaptation. Then Diabetes was induced in B, C and D groups of rats by injecting 65mg/kg STZ through intraperitoneally. The diabetic rats of group C and D were then used for chicory intervention (125mg/kg of body weight) and for Metformin medication (500mg/kg body weight) along with normal diet respectively. The blood glucose level and weighing of animals measured initially and then
Summary
39
weekly whereas glucose tolerance test of rats was performed initially and thereafter fortnightly. The feed and water consumption was measured on daily bases.
A significant (p<0.05) difference in blood glucose level was seen among the group B, C and D of rats. A non-significance difference (p>0.05) in blood glucose level was observed when compared between male and female rats of groups A, B, C and D. A significant (p<0.05) difference in live body weight was observed. The group B, C and D showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in live body weight from day 7 to day 28 as compared to group A whereas a non-significant (p>0.05) difference in live body weight of male and female rats of all groups was observed. A significant (p<0.05) difference in glucose tolerance between group C and D was observed whereas a non-significant (p>0.05) difference of glucose tolerance was seen between all male and female rats of groups A, B, C and D while a significant difference (p>0.05) in feed consumption within group A, B, C and D was seen whereas a significant difference (p<0.05) in feed consumption was seen between the subjects. A significant gender difference in feed consumption was observed (p<0.05) between the subjects but within the subjects a non-significant difference was seen. A non-significant (p>0.05) difference was observed within the subjects in water intake whereas significant (p<0.05) difference was seen between the subjects whereas a significant gender difference (p<0.05) was seen between the subject but a non-significant gender difference was observed within the subjects.
It is concluded that Cichoriun intybus root extract can be used as hypoglycemic agent to treat diabetic condition and has no adverse effects on body weight, feed intake and water intake. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2727-T] (1).
