1.
Toxico-Pathological And Hematological Study In Japanese ( Coturnix Coturnix Japonica ) Exposed To Ochratoxin A And Aflatoxin B
by Muhammad shahzad | Dr. Muti-ur-rehman khan | Dr. kamran | Dr. M. younus rana.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Mycotoxins are secondary metabolite toxins produced by fungi in or on grains, cereals and nuts used as feed in the poultry industry. Mycotoxicity in birds has been well documented and its severity increases in combination with other toxins. The study determined synergistic pathological responses in quail chicks when fed different level of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA). A total of 245 quails chicks were divided into seven groups (G1-G7) having 35 quail chicks in each. OTA mixed feed was fed to quail chicks at a dose rate of 1 and 1.5 ppm in G1 and G2 respectively. G3 were fed 2 ppm OTA + 1 ppm AFB1. AFB1 was offered in the feed at a level of 1 and 1.5 ppm in G4 and G5 respectively. G6 birds were fed 2 ppm AFB1 + 1 ppm OTA while G7 acted as a control. All the birds offered toxin free basal diet for first 7 days. Day 7 was considered zero day of experiment. At this day chicks shifted to different groups of 35 each (G1-G7). Group G7 was control group and offered toxin free diet. Birds were monitored twice daily for clinical signs. Randomly selected six birds from each group were slaughtered at day 14, 21, and 28. Blood samples with and without anticoagulant were collected for hematological and biochemical studies respectively. Morbid tissue of liver, kidney, and intestine were collected for histopathological studies. The OTA groups developed anemia manifested by a significant decrease in the red blood cell count, packed cell volume percentage and hemoglobin concentration, while increase erythrocyte sedimentation rate at the end of the experiment all groups showed significant reduction in red blood cell count. This reduction was found to increase with time proportionally to the level of OTA and AFB1 alone or in combination exposure. Clinical signs in chicks administered AFB1 and OTA included depression, decreased feed intake and decreased body weight. Severity in clinical signs was dose related. Pathological lesions in liver of these chicks were hemorrhages, fatty change, centrilobular necrosis and periportal fibrosis. Microscopically, liver showed vacuolation, fatty change, congestion and individual cell necrosis. Kidney of these chicks included pyknotic changes in the epithelium of proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Severe necrotic changes in the collecting ducts and accumulation of pink homogenous material in the lumen of tubules. Intestine showed hemorrhages, edema, degeneration and infiltration of mononuclear cells were observed. OTA damaged intestinal mucosa more severely than AFB1. Serum biochemical study indicated a significant decrease in total serum proteins and increase in urea and creatinine. It is concluded that AFB1 and OTA are capable of inducing hematological and histopathological alterations in quail chicks at higher dietary concentrations, either individually or in combination.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1301,T] (1).
2.
Socio-Demographical And Epidemiological Risk Factors Associated With The Diseases Of Senior Citizens of Jhelum City
by Muhammad Shahzad Ashraf | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Dr. Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Research on geriatric diseases is scarce in Pakistan. This endeavor was planned to establish a baseline data for common geriatric diseases found in lhelum, Pakistan. This study reveals the prevalence of geriatric diseases in elderly people in lhelum, Pakistan. Our first objective was to collect and interpret the baseline data about prevalent diseases among the old aged people. Our second objective was to describe the socio- demographic and epidemiological risk factors associated with the diseases of elderly population of lhelum city. In order to study the risk factors associated with geriatric diseases, a geographical cluster of lhelum was selected. The study area was Tehsil lhelum which comprises of 400,000 individuals. Tehsil lhelum is further divided into 16 union councils. In this epidemiological study, multistage sampling was performed. At first step by purposively sampling, union council number 14 of Tehsil lhelum was selected which was comprising of all socioeconomic classes of our community. At second step, by using random sampling technique, home-to-home visits were done. The data was collected on pre-tested questionnaire. The data was collected by face-to-face interviews. The pre- tested questionnaire contained variable factors and questions regarding age, gender, socio economic status, education level, exercising, smoking, marital status, walk before the age of 60 years, walk after the age of 60 years, present and past employments, financial status, use of edible oils in the past, number of children and social life. Futhermore, Information was collected regarding working of different body systems like Central Nervous system, Cardio-vascular system, Digestive system, Urogenital system, Respiratory system, ENT system, Musculo-skeleton system etc. Along with system-information, name of disease of the impaired system was also asked. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS-version 16. This present interview based study reflects the prevalence of geriatric morbidities in geriatric population of Jhelum city. In the current study, impairment of digestive system (28%), cardio-vascular system (23%) and musculo-skeletal system (21 %) was on the top of the list. Impairment of digestive system was found in a good proportion among senior citizens followed by Cardio-vascular system, musculoskeletal system, centra nervous system, respiratory system, uro-genital system and E.N.T. system. Diabetes mellitus, blood pressure related problems and arthritis are the most frequent diseases. So, vwe should try to educate the people about these diseases. As compared to other studies around the globe, our geriatric population is possessing comparatively better health. Walk before the age of 60 years and walk after the age of 60 years is helpful for health. The people who used to walk more than five kilometers usually remained healthier in theelderly. Economic status, use of edible oils and social life is also associated with health of elderly people. So, there is need to promote the habit of walk in the elderly population and in young population. Disease prevention is the most cost-effective method for the maintenance of optimal level of health in elderly population. We should understand that many of the geriatric diseases are preventable. Preventive measures can be applied during the various stages of disease progression in order to either slow or stop the process of disease.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1404,T] (1).
3.
Follicular Dynamics During The Estrous Cycle Of Cholistani Cow
by Muhammad Shahzad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1978,T] (1).
4.
Standardization Of Bovine Serum Albumin (Bsa) For Cryopreservation Of Beetal Buck Semen
by Muhammad Shahzad | Prof. Dr. Mian abdul sattar | Prof. Dr | Prof. Dr. Naseem ahmad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2018,T] (1).
5.
Seroprevalence Of Dengue Fever In Tehsil Jatoi District Muzaffargarh, Punjab
by Muhammad Shahzad Ahmad Khan (2013-VA-848) | Dr. Mamoona Chaudhery | Dr.Tayyaba Ijaz | Dr. Hassan Mushtaq | Dr. Waseem Shahzad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Dengue is caused by single stranded RNA virus that belongs to genus flavivirus and is a mosquito born disease. There are four serotypes of dengue virus DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. Signs and symptoms of dengue virus are high fever, severe headache, rash, muscle pain, retro-orbital pain and leucopenia. Incubation period is 4-7 days. There are three type of dengue fever named as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhage fever and dengue shock syndrome. More severe form of dengue is dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS).
Hypothesis of this study was that dengue virus is prevalent in Tehsil Jatoi District Muzaffargarh. Data was collected from individual in a face to face interview. Thirty clusters were selected and in each cluster seven (7) elementary unit (individuals) were sampled. A cross-sectional survey was conducted and blood samples were collected from individuals by using aseptic technique. The blood was drawn from the antecubital vein, from elbow or from the back side of a hand. Swab was applied to avoid bleeding.
A total of 210 apparently healthy individuals were sampled from thirsty clusters and serum was observed through ELISA for confirmation of Dengue fever disease. 27 were found positive and 183 were negative for DF out of 210 sera samples.
The data analysis was done by using “R” software. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to estimate the effect of each explanatory variable on the outcome. Overall weighted seroprevalence was recorded as 13.54 %, (95% CI, 8.144-18.92). This means that DENV was circulating in Tehsil Jatoi district Muzaffargarh, while data on risk factors were obtained through
Summary
54
a detailed predesigned questionnaire from participants in a face to face interview translated into local language (Saraiki) after taking written consent from the individual.
To identify the risk factors for Dengue fever disease seroprevalence, multivariable logistic regression were performed. The result showed that age (OR: 3.084, 95% CI: 1.180-8.061) was risk factors for dengue fever and anti-mosquito spray (OR: 0.349, 95% CI: 0.122-0.997) was protective (OR<1) factor against dengue fever disease. Variable with significant univariable relationship at P < 0.25 were selected for inclusion in the final model
The study had provided successful estimate about the risk factors and seroprevalence of Dengue Fever. The finding of above study will be published. These finding could be utilized by the policy maker to control the epidemic of DF in population. Availability: Items available for loan: (1), UVAS Library [Call number: 2293-T] (1).
6.
Faraiz kay bad dua ki Fazeelat
by Alama Muhammad Shahzad Majadadi.
Edition: 3rd ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Dar ul Khalas 2005Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297 Shahzad 22215 3rd 2005 Islam] (1).
7.
Irfan e Zaat
by Alama Muhammad Shahzad Majdidi | Imam Fakhar Al din Razi(Trans_.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Dara ul Ikhlas; 2007Availability: No items available Checked out (1).
8.
Milad Shareef kay Fayuz o Barkat
by Imam Muhammad Bin Jaffar Alkitani | Alama Muhammad Shahzad Majadadi.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Dar al Khalas; 2007Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Shahzad 22298 1st 2007 Islam] (1).
