1.
Muaaljaat-e-Nabvi
by Hakeem Muhammad Tariq Mehmood Chughtai.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Ilmo Irfan Publishers; 2001Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.6361 Chughtai 15921 1/e 2001 Islam] (1).
2.
Studies On Antigenic Homogeneity Of Fowl Adenoviruses Causing Hydropericardium Syndrome In Broilers
by Muhammad Tariq Iqbal | Dr. Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad | Dr. Irshad Hussain | Dr. M. Sarwar | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2006Dissertation note: Babesiosis is a highly important disease in the world, caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasites of the genus Babesia. A wide range of domestic and wild animals and occasionally man are affected by this disease, which is transmitted by ticks and has a worldwide epidemiological distribution. While the major economic impact of babesiosis is on the cattle industry, infections also occurs in other domestic animals , including horses, sheep, goats, pigs and dogs.
The present study targeted the carrier cattle infected with Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis, as they are difficult to detect because of the low numbers of parasites that occur in peripheral blood. However, diagnosis of low-level infections with the parasite is important for studying the transmission and standardizing epidemiological studies. Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify a portion of the gene from the parasite, and tested the ability of this method to detect carrier cattle.
A study was conducted to detect the. Babesia in blood samples through PCR based techniques. A PCR assay was described which could differentiate Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis by using specific primer in carrier cattle. Blood samples of 100 cattle were randomly analyzed with PCR assay 29 (29.0%) out of 100 blood samples were positive for babesiosis in which 18% were positive for Babesia bigemina and 11% were positive for Babesia bovis, While the Light Microscopy detected only 18 (18%) out of the same samples. The samples found positive by LM were reconfirmed during the PCR assay but no sample was found to be having both Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis infections simultaneously.
Thus it is concluded that PCR is a reliable molecular diagnostic technique to detect low level of infections in carrier animals in a population and thus could be used as an effective screening tool for the control and eradication of disease.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0928,T] (1).
3.
Response Of Cryopreserved Nili Ravi Buffalo Bull Semen To Gallic Acid Inclusion In Semen Extender
by Muhammad Tariq | Dr. Imtiaz Rabbani | Dr. Hafsa Zaneb | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Faculty of Biosciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: The major population of buffalo in the world (more than 75%) is located in Asia and 14% in Pakistan, where buffaloes play an important role in rural livestock production providing milk, meat and work draft force. Genetically the ratio of proven buffalo bulls is lesser than cattle bulls, and additionally the volume of semen and spermatozoa concentration is also lower than cattle semen. The success of inseminating buffalos with cryopreserved semen is also low, which account for major cause of fertility problems.
During cryopreservation, the spermatozoa faces osmochemical, mechanical and thermal stresses, which are predominant at dilution, cooling, equilibration, freezing and thawing stages which lead to damage spermatozoa functional and morphological characteristics. Beside these exogenous stresses, oxidative stress damages the spermatozoa endogenously. Keeping in mind all these problems, the reduction of these stresses through inclusion of antioxidants in semen may improve its quality and ultimately the fertility of buffalo bulls. This may be obtained from antioxidant addition to extender at the time of cryopreservation. Gallic acid possess good antioxidative properties, the use of this polyphenolic compound may reduce oxidation in buffalo bull semen.
In the current study, semen from four (n=4) healthy Nili Ravi buffalo bulls was collected by artificial vagina and GA was added to the semen @ 1 µM, 15 µM, 30 µM, 45 µM, 60 µM, and 100 µM and a total of six groups were prepared. One group was kept control and no GA was added to that group. The routine quality evaluation of semen for motility and concentration was made, extender was added, then semen cooled to 4°C filled in 0.5mL straws for 4 hours and frozen in liquid nitrogen at -196 °C.
The semen was then transported to the Physiology Laboratory of UVAS for further evaluations. The parameters evaluated were percentage motility, plasma membrane integrity (HOST assay), acrosomal integrity (NAR), viability (Live/Dead), DNA integrity (Acridine orange assay) and oxidative stress (TBARS assay). Five straws from each GA group were thawed individually in water bath at 37°C for 30 seconds and evaluated for quality parameters. The data collected was presented as cells ± SE and treatment groups were compared using one way analysis of variance. The group differences were compared by using the Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results revealed that GA improved (P<0.05) the spermatozoa viability and plasma membrane integrity.
In conclusion, the addition of 15 µM GA to semen extender improved marginally the buffalo bull spermatozoa motility, viability and membrane integrity but still not sufficient to reach the statistical significance, while it has no protective effects on other parameters like Acrosomal integrity, DNA status and oxidative stress. However further studies are needed to assess the role of GA in different concentrations and other animals.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1456,T] (1).
4.
Lvistmsa: Interactive Visual Tools For Multiple Sequence Alignments
by Muhammad Tariq Pervez | Dr. Asif Nadeem | Prof. Dr. Masroor Ellahi Babar.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2140,T] (1).
5.
Effect Of Yeast Supplementation On Growth Performance In Non-Descript Male Cattle Calves In Summer
by Muhammad Tariq Iqbal (2006-VA-209) | Prof. Dr.Khalid Javed | Dr. Muhammad Qamer Shahid | Dr.Saeed Ahmad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Livestock plays an important role in the economy of Pakistan. There are about 72 million heads of large ruminants, playing a vital role in rural economy of country,providing meat and milk to the masses. Withthe increase in human population, meat and milk demands are increasing. Thereis a majorcontribution of beef in total meat productionand cattle have a major share in total beef production. The meager feed resources are major factor for compromised growth performance of our livestock. Feed additives are feed ingredients of non-nutritive nature that stimulate growth, improve efficiency of feed utilization, and also beneficial for health. Products that improve feed efficiency are particularly important because feed costs are a major expense in animal production.
Yeast is aunicellular eukaryotic organism much different from bacteria. Among yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiaespecies are important and currently well accepted in ruminant feed. Incorporation of yeast (Saccharomyces cervesiae) culture to animal feed has become a common practice in ruminant feed. Many yeast culture based products have been shown to affect dry matter intake, stabilizing rumen pH and digestibility of different nutrients (Callaway and Martin, 1997).
The main purpose of suchadditives in ruminant feed is to prevent rumen flora disorders and disturbances. The inclusion of yeast increases consumption of dry matter, utilization of fiber, increase in average daily gain and yeast cells, and also increases absorption of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, copper, potassium, zinc and manganese.
Due to the greaterconcerns with antibiotics and other growth stimulants in the animal feed industry, research of other feed additives, such as direct-fed microbial (DFM), has increased.DFMs are naturally occurring living microorganisms which are supplemented to enhance microbial population of rumen, and to stabilize rumen PH. DFMare frequently used in milk replacers for gastrointestinal health, welfare, as well as improving average daily gain, daily dry matter intake, and feed efficiency. Practice of these supplements in calves as a preventative measure has increased from 13.1% to 20% from 1996 to 2007 in USA (USDA, 2008).
Basic rumen studies shows that yeast apparently does not affect the digestibility, it only alters the degradation curve causing reduction in lag phase before digestion commences, thereby increasing the rate of degradation (Williams et al. 1991). It was also observed that inclusion of yeast may increase cellulolytic microorganisms in rumen. Birkelo and Berg (1994) observed that a yeast culture additive improved performance of yearling cattle fed corn-based finishing diets containing less than 10% roughage.Similarly, yeast addition was found to improve rumen fermentation by enhancing the bacterial population, soultimately increase the growth of ruminants (Beauchemin et al. 2003).Yeast culture addition increasedaily dry matter intake and average daily gain (Cole et al. 1992; Mir and Mir, 1994).
According to Blake et al. (1993) and Girard et al. (1997) yeast culture noticeably increase the cellulolytic activities of rumen microorganisms in such a way that they increase their total numbers, improve fiber digestion, decrease lactate accumulation, lessen the concentration of oxygen in rumen fluid and improve utilization of starch supplied in the feeding ration. In this way they influence (inhibit) the rate of volatile fatty acids production and, thus, increase the permanency of rumen environment and improve the intensity of digestion. Yeast culture has also directly enhanced rumen fungi, which may improve fiber digestion (Chaucheryaset al. 1995).
Yeast culture addition impact on ruminal lactic acid metabolism; prevent the accumulation of lactic acid in the rumen when they are fed on yeast supplementation. Sullivan and Martin (1999) described that yeast culture supplementation improved the utilization of lactate and digestion of cellulose. Yeast culture may improve ruminal fermentation because they are able to diminish excess oxygen (Newbold, 1996).So they provide optimal environment for fermentation. They amplified the number of rumen protozoa and NDF digestion in calves fed straw-based diets (Plata et al. 1994). Yeast culture has also been revealed to encourage acetogenic bacteria in the occurrence of methanogens (Chaucheryaset al. 1995), which may result in more effective ruminal fermentation.
The effect of altered doses of yeast (S. cerevisiae) (0, 3, 6 and 12 g of yeast/day respectively) on the lactating performance of Holstein dairy cows was described by Nikkhah et al. (2004). They concluded that the live yeast(LY) had a favorable effect on the rumen health. Other available data indicated that in the rumen fluid of animals receiving supplements of LY the total content of volatile fatty acids , the percentage of propionic acid (Sullivan and Martin, 1999), acetic acid were enhanced (Nursoy and Baytok, 2003) and the total numbers of ruminal bacteria were also significantly increased (Sune, 1998; Alshaikh et al. 2002; Kamra et al. 2002).
The positive effect of yeast may be due to increased dry matter intake reported byWohlt et al. (1991) and Williams et al. (1991).The increase in average daily gain and other productive parameters can be the function of increased dry matter intake and outflow rate of digested material from rumen. The dietary supplementation of yeast culture showed significant increase in degradability of roughage in 6 h (P<0.05) after live yeast addition(Ando et al. (2004).Moreover it is stated that yeast also contribute in maintaining rumen pH, reducing the risk of acidosis, improve rumen metabolism by stabilizing anaerobic rumen environment. It also regulates the digestibility approach, a positive influence on feed efficiency. It also maintains balance of ruminal ammonia concentration,improve feed efficiency in young calves and ultimately increase daily gain in cattle calves. The yeast supplementation in ruminant diets is being practiced at commercial herds both beef and dairy, especially where high concentrate rations are in use.
Based on the existing knowledge of live yeast supplementation and the inadequateinformation on the supplemental use of yeast in calves feedand effects on growth performance, under local conditions, the objective of present study was to determine the effects of yeast supplementation in non-descript male cattle calves on growth.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2214,T] (1).
6.
Shaheed e Pakistan
by Muhammad Tariq Mehmood Chughtai.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Makki Darulkutab; 1998Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.91 Tariq 15943 1st 1998 Pak.History] (1).
7.
Mualajat e Nabvi(PBUH) aur Jadid Science
by Hakeem Muhammad Tariq Mehmod Chughtai.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ilam o Irfan; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Tariq 15918 1st nd Islam] (1).
8.
Pur Sakoon zingi ki Talash
by Hakeem Muhammad Tariq Mahmood.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: Publisher: Lahore: Ilam o Irfan; 2003Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Tariq 22170 1st 2003 Islam] (1).
9.
Shahrah e Maarfat Pur Kamyabi ka Safar
by Hakeem Muhammad Tariq Mehmood.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Khazena Ilam o Adab; ndAvailability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.1 Tariq 21669 1st nd Islam] (1).
10.
Moaljat-e-Nabvi (PBUH) aur Jadeed Science
by Hakeem Muhammad Tariq Mahmood Chughtai.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Ilm-o-Irfan Publishers; 2001Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.163 Tariq 15920 1st 2001 Islam] (1).
