1.
Evaluation Of Diet Ary Mannan Oligosa Ccharide Suplementation On Growth Performance Intestinal Microbial Ecologr and Immune Status of Rock Pigeon (Columba Livia Domestic)
by Aamir Riaz Khan | Dr.Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf | Prof.Dr.Habib-ur-Rehman | Prof.dr.Kamran | Faculty of Biosciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) had been successfully used in poultry industry for decades but recent advancements in life sciences have proven that the issues like drug resistance and drug residues can only be negated if the industry would be able to replace AGPs with some non-pharmaceutical preparations; prebiotics, for example. The positive aspects of MOS, a prebiotic, according to many researchers are multi-fold in poultry. It is thought to promote the growth of beneficial microflora of the gut, helps the development of such a gut environment which is deleterious for pathogenic forms, and enhances the production, fertility and immune response. The effect of MOS supplementation has been studied in many species but a little work is done in pigeon.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of MOS supplementation when given in different concentrations, 0.1 %, 0.2 % and 0.5 % of the feed. The birds were randomly divided into four groups, each of 10, and were kept for 35 days. One of the groups was kept as control, i.e., on corn based basal diet; while others were supplemented with different concentrations of MOS as described earlier. During the trial, the birds were immunized against New Castle's disease antigen (La Sota strain), sheep RBCs and DNCB (2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene). The data collected during the trial and later, after the slaughter of the birds, was used to study the parameters including FCR, organ weight, intestinal length, microbiological parameters (CFUs of Escherichia coli, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus) and immune response against the aforementioned antigens in three MOS supplemented (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%) and control groups.
The results revealed that the gizzard weights in 0.1% and 0.2% dietary MOS supplemented groups were significantly higher when compared with 0.5% dietary MOS supplemented and control groups. The small intestinal weights were also observed to be significantly increased in 0.2% dietary MOS supplemented group as compared with the others. The lengths of small and large intestines were higher in all the dietary MOS supplemented groups compared with the control group. However, no effect of MOS supplementation was observed in terms of body weight, feed conversion ratio, liver, heart, pancreas and large intestinal weights. Secondly, there was no significant increase in the number of microbes under observation (Escherichia coli, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus) in any of the MOS supplemented groups when compared to the control.
Similarly, the MOS supplementation did not favor the immune response against New Castle's disease antigen in any of the dietary MOS supplemented groups compared to the control. Moreover, the birds in all groups, did not respond to sheep RBCs, therefore, no antibodies were detected. The cell mediated response against DNCB was also observed to be the same in dietary MOS supplemented and control groups.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1247,T] (1).
2.
Detection Of Canine Parvo Infection At Different Pet Clinics In Lahore Through Haemagglutination (Ha)
by Asif Ali | Prof.Dr.M.Younus Rana | Dr.Asim Aslam | Prof.Dr.Kamran Ashraf.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Canine parvovirus, caused by a haemagglutinating canine parvovirus (CPV), one of the most important acute viral infectious diseases of pups, had been prevalent in the country. In the present study, 200 faecal and blood samples, from clinically suspected cases of parvovirus diseases dogs were collected from five pet centers of Lahore. Serum samples were harvested for hemaglutination inhibition test while the faecal samples were diluted and centrifuged to collect the supernatant. Being a haemagglutinating (HA) virus, the pre-filtered supernatant from all suspected samples was checked for any HA activity using 1% washed chicken erythrocytes. Out of total of 200 samples, 127 samples were found HA positive. Postmortem of dead dogs suspected for CPV infection was done and various gross pathological lesions were noted. Blood filled intestine lumen was found during postmortem. When lumen of intestine was opened it gave washed out appearance of intestine as mucosa was severely sloughed off. The heart of young puppies showed marbled appearance due to the presence of whitish layer on heart. Tissue samples duodenum, jejunum, ileum and heart were preserved in 10% formalin solution. The CPV cases were also observed in the locally found cross breed. This could be due to the emergence of the new stains of parvo virus due to which the cross breed getting affected.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1260,T] (1).
3.
Effects Of Fish Oil On The Histopathology Of Lymphoid Organs Of Broiler Experimentally Infected With Infectious Bursal Disease Virus
by Safdar Fareed Rabbani (2012-va-637) | Prof.Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Muti-Ur-Rehman | Prof.Dr.Kamran Ashraf.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Infectious Bursal Disease has become the major poultry disease in Pakistan. The
disease causes immune suppression due to damage to primary lymphoid organs (Bursa of
Fabricius) in affected birds. Supplementation of fish oil enhances the immune status and subside
the inflammatory conditions. So this study was designed to study the effects of fish oil on
histopathology of lymphoid organs and growth performance of broiler birds. For this purpose a
total number of 80 day old Hubbard broiler chicks were randomly divided into four group i.e. A,
B, C and D. Group A and B were challenged with IBD Virus with known (EID50 106/ml) dose
was 0.1 ml intranasal on 21th day of age, Group B and C were treated with 3% fish oil while
group D acted as a negative control. Blood was collected from birds on irregular interval of days
20, 22, 29, 36 and 42 for monitoring of antibody titer against IBD virus and ND vaccine.
For the histopathology the lymphoid organ were collected on day 20, 22, 29, 36 and
42. Feed consumption of group A and D during 1st week of age was significantly higher than
group B and C. The broilers of group A consumed feed without fish oil significantly higher than
broiler of group D while, the broilers of group C consumed feed containing fish oil significantly
higher from the broilers of group D after challenged with IBD. The body weight of birds of
group B and C supplemented with fish oil mixed feed was significantly (p<0.05) higher than
broilers receiving feed without fish oil before challenged, however after challenge the body
weight gain of group C was significantly higher than group B while that of group D was
significantly (p<0.05) higher group A. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds supplemented
with fish oil was significantly different from the broilers receiving feed without fish oil before
challenged.
Summary
48
However after challenged significant difference was observed with highest value of
FCR by group C, followed by group B, group A and group D. Before challenged, group C show
the highest Mean titer value (606.0) for IBDV followed by group B (466.0), C (288.0) and D
(106.5), However, after challenge the highest value of Mean titer for IBDV was observed in
group B with 5006.0, followed by group C, A and D with Mean titer of 4608.0, 4469.0, and
4015.0, respectively on 42nd day of age.
During Histopathological examination, congestion, depletion of lymphocytes, dysplasia
of thymic lobules, thinning of cortex, focal necrosis, disappearance of lymph follicles and
interfollicular edema like lesions were observed in the lymphoid organs of challenged birds.
However, cellular hypertrophy, increased lymphocytes population and presence of lymphoblast
were the prominent changes in lymphoid organs of broilers supplemented with 3% fish oil, while
no pathological lesions were notified in the lymphoid organs of control group. From this study, it
was concluded that Infectious Bursal Disease causes immune suppression and damage immune
organs in broiler, with an associated loss of response to Newcastle disease vaccine.
It was also concluded from the current study that, fish oil had beneficial effect on the
antibody titer against Infectious Bursal disease virus and on growth performance in broilers. The
fish oil also showed therapeutic effect against Infectious Bursal Disease. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2364-T] (1).
