1.
Identification Of Novel Snps Of Mitochondrial D- Loop And Cytochrome B In Pakistani Goat And Sheep Breeds
by Haleema Sadia | Prof.Dr.Masroor Elahi Babar | Dr. Ahmad ali | Dr. Ali awan.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: Pakistan has approximately 53.79 million goats and 26.49 million of Sheep. Goats AND Sheep are kept for milk meat and wool production and contribute significantly to the income of the farmers. Thirty recognized breeds of goats and twenty eight breeds of sheep found in Pakistan. Improvement of livestock productivity per unit animal remains the primary concern of research and development efforts. The purpose of this research work was the genetic improvement of Sheep and Goat breeds. In this present study of Goat and Sheep, Ten different breeds of Goat: Barbari, Beetal, Pahari hairy, Kamori, Damani, Khurasani, L.Hairy, Teddy, Lehri goat, Nachi and ten different breeds of Sheep: Bulkhi, Dumari, Kachi, Kaghani, Salt range, Awassi, Thalli, Lohi, Krakul, Shenwari were selected but the genetic data of different goat and sheep breeds is lacking which need to be established for their genetic characterization. Blood samples of unrelated true representatives of all breeds were collected from their respective home tract. DNA was extracted with the use of standard protocol and amplification of the mitochondrial. D-loop and Cytochrome b region was done with specific primers in Molecular Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory in the deptt of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Sequencing of amplified portion of mt.DNA D-loop and Cytochrome b was done. Sequences were analyzed with the help of software blast 2 sequence. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified and comparison of 50, 50 samples of Goats and Sheep of Cytochrome b gene and mitochondrial D-loop region were compared with their respective reference sequences. Genetic identity between ten goat breeds were calculated by BioEdit. 50 goat haplotypes and 49 sheep hapoltypes were identified. All haplotypes were rich in AT contents. 22 conserved region were identified which were common in Goats and Sheep (BioEdit, 7.0). Goals and Sheep sequence comparison was made by using sheep Ovis aries as a referenece. 405 varibale sites were already present in Goat and Sheep. Capra hircus (AF533441) had 41 insertions and 9 deletions with respect to Ovis aries (AFO 10406.1). Phylogenetic tree was constrncted using Mega 4.1 software showing the relationships between different haplotypes. Haplotpes of this research work were compared with some world wide haplotypes of Goat and Sheep separately. Goat showed very close relationship with haplotypes of Africa, Asia and Europe, while Sheep showed close relation with Europeaon and Asian haplotypes. Both Goat and Sheep seemed to have domestication from Asia. From analysis of Goat and Sheep with their wild reported haplotypes, it was confirmed that Goats and Sheep used in this research work were domestic and had close relation with Capra aegagrus and Capra sibrica was present at the bottom of phylogenetic tree. While Sheep (Ovis aries) showed a close relation with wild Mouflon (Ovis musimon).
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1159,T] (1).
2.
Clincal Cytogenetic Investications In Cattle & Buffalo Population Of Punjab For Chromosomal Abnormalities
by Muhammad Bilal Bin Majeed | Prof. Dr. Khalid Javed | Dr. Aftab Ahmad Anjum | Dr. Ahmad Ali.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1439,T] (1).
3.
In-Vivo Efficacy Study Of Camel Milk In Alloxan Induced Type-1 Diabetic Rabbits
by Hina Ijaz | Dr. Muhammad Nasir | Dr. Ahmad Ali | Prof. Dr. Talat Naseer Pasha.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1473,T] (1).
4.
Develoopment Of A Reliable Microsatellites Maarkers Panel For Parentage Analysis In Cattle Breeds Of Pakistan and Its Validatio Through Cytochrome B Gene Sequencing
by Tanveer Hussain | Prof. Dr. Masroor Ellahi Babar | Dr. Ahmad Ali | Dr. Muhammad Wasim.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Pakistan posseses enormous Animal Genetic Resource (AnGR) with 36.9 millions of cattle population. The data on genetic fabric of these breed is yet to be documented for their genetic characterization and identification. This work reports first country wide microsatellite markers and cytochrome b gene based genetic characterization of 10 famous cattle breeds of Pakistan. A total of 352 blood samples from unrelated and phenotypically representative of ten native cattle breeds including Bos indicus; Sahiwal, Cholistani, Red Sindhi, Tharparker, Dhanni, Dajal, Lohai, Bhagnari, Achai and Bos indicus x Bos taurus; Nari Master, and an exotic Bos taurus; Holstein Friesian breeds were collected from their respective home tracts, institutional herds and private livestock farms located throughtout the country. These samples were subject to DNA extraction using inorganic method caliberated to same concentration in Molecular Biology and Genomics Laboratory of the Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Pakistan. A total of 21 microsatellite markers recommended by the programme for the global management of genetic resources (MoDAD) for breed characterization of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations and International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) were applied. Multiplex PCR were optimized for amplification and were genotyped using ABI Genetic Analyzer 3130 xl using LIZ as size standard. Genotyping results were analyzed using POPGENE and Arlequin ver 3.5 software. The observed and effective number of alleles ranged from 10 (INRA32) to 43 (TGLA126) and 2.3574 (CSSM66) to 15.0019 (BM6526) respectively in all breeds? The observed and expected heterozygosity estimates ranged from 0.0638 (INRA32) to 0.7101 (BM2113) and 0.6510 (INRA32) to 0.9347 (BM6526) respectively in the experimental samples. Mean values for observed and expected heterozygosity was 0.4943 ± 0.1647 and 0.8164 ± 0.0930 respectively. Mean values for Fis, Fit and Fst in all cattle breeds were calculated as 0.2819, 0.3864 and 0.1456 respectively. Average polymorphic information content (PIC) of all microsatellite loci was 0.81 indicating a high degree of informativeness of all microsatellite markers used. It implies that the same set of markers is equally good and could reliably be used for parentage confirmation in Pakistani cattle breeds. The data produced, also showed least degree of genetic difference between Red Sindhi and Tharparker breeds. This may due to mixing of the two breeds for being in close proximity of their home tracts.
Fragment mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was also amplified using specific primers through PCR of 130 individuals representing all selected breeds and sequencing was done using ABI Genetic Analyzer 3130 xl. The sequences were aligned and analyzed with CodonCode Alligner 4.0.4 software. The analysis revealed highly degree of sequence conservation in all the Pakistani cattle while documenting changes in only 9 nucleotides from 26 individuals whereas multiple nucleotide changes in 5 locations were shown by more than one individual in the data presented. One polymorphic site was found in nucleotide 318 (T?C) in several breeds of indicine cattle while 2 Lohani and 5 Nari Master individuals showed nucleotide changes specific to taurine cattle. Of all the changes found, only three of them caused changes in the amino acid sequence. The UPGMA tree using MEGA 5.1 showed a clear differentiation between taurine and indicine cattle, except for Nari Master Pakistani cattle showing mitochondrial taurine sequences because it's a cross between Bhagnari (Bos indicus) and Australian Draught Master (Bos taurrus). The estimates of divergence among breeds were also low for most breed pairs, except for Nari Master and Dhanni whereas the overall divergence within Bos indicus or within Bos taurus were also very low (0.002 and 0.003, respectively) but the differences between Bos indicus and Bos taurus were significantly higher (0.014) as should be the case.
These results of microsatellite markers have produced a set of information that can be recommended as a reliable marker panel for studies on genetic diversity analysis, parentage confirmation. The cytochrome b data on the other hand not only substantiated genetic diversity analyses but it also proved to be equally good for comparative Phylogenetic analysis of Pakistani cattle breeds and exotic breeds. This work provides most authenticated data and adds a great deal, to already existing information on Pakistani AnGR. This information coupled with prospective data using next generation genetic technologies will assist designing breed improvement focused breeding policies and conservation activities in future.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1597,T] (1).
