1.
Molecular Identification And Treatment Of Th eileriosis In Small Ruminants Of North ern Balochistan
by Mir Ahmad Khan (2005-VA-214) | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Arif Khan | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Azam Kakar | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Prof. Dr. Aftab Ahmad Anjum .
Material type: Book; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Th e present study was conducted to investigate th e prevalence of Ovine and Caprine Th eileriosis in North ern Highlands and Suleiman Mountain Region of Balochistan, Six th ickly populated /union councils were included in th e study area. Samples were collected from 2870 animals Sheep (n= 2200) and Goats (n= 670) for screening of th e disease. Th e samples were collected and processed in Regional Disease Investigation Laboratories, Department of Livestock and Dairy Development Balochistan, T.B. Sanatorium Hospital Quetta and Center for Vaccinology, Bacteriology, Th e University of Balochistan, Quetta and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Th e University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. Data revealed 20.82% disease in sheep and 9.70%. in goats. Th e regional prevalence of th eileriosis revealed 19.19% in North ern Highlands and 17.48% in Suleiman Mountain Region Chi-square analysis showed significant difference in th e prevalence of disease in sheep and goats. Th e regional difference was not significantly different between two regions of North ern Balochistan. Th e comparison among union councils showed significant difference being highest prevalence (22.71%) in union council Kuchlak district Quetta followed by Aghberg (18.42%) and Hanna Urak (15.53%) in North ern highlands and Union Council Zangiwal Jogezai (19.83%) followed by Kach Amaqzai (16.30%) and Sinjavi (15.92%) in SMR. Th e disease prevalence when compared among 4 different breeds of sheep showed significant difference being highest in Karakul breed (34.62%) followed by Shinwari (24.54%), Bibrik (19.36%) and Harnai (16.40%). Th e highest prevalence of th eileriosis in sheep and goats were observed in Summer season (30.30%) followed by Autumn 19.07%, Spring 14.52% and Winter
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7.61%. Chi-square analysis of th e data showed significant difference in th e prevalence of th e disease in different seasons of th e year. Th e disease was also compared in th ree age groups of sheep and goats. Th e data showed 22.17% disease in adult animal group above 2 years of age followed by 15.85% in animals between 1-2 year and 7.99% in age group below one year. Statistically significant difference in all age groups was found in chi-square analysis. Th e sex wise prevalence of th eileriosis revealed non-significant difference between male and female sheep and goats. Two different species of Th eileria were reported by many researchers causing disease in sheep and goats. Th e PCR was carried out for th e identification of Th eileria species affecting sheep and goats in Balochistan. Two species specific sets of primers were designed using 18SRNA gene sequence to identify th ese two species of Th eileria and th e distribution among th e two species of animals. Th e genomic DNA of two species of parasite was successfully amplified in positive samples. Th e assay was proved successful and we recommend for th e prevalence surveys for th eileriosis in sheep and goats. Th e data showed th at th e prevalence of T. lestoquardi was 73.80% in sheep and 69.23% was in goats in th e target regions. It was found th e T. lestoquardi was highly prevalent and causing th eileriosis in small ruminants. Th e prevalence of T. ovis was 26.19% in sheep and 30.76% in goats respectively in th e investigated animals; it was less th an T. lestoquardi. It was concluded th at both Th eileria species were identified and found circulating in small ruminants in th e target region of Balochistan. In th e study we determined th at PCR meth od based on 18S RNA gene could detect and differentiate T. ovis and T. lestoquardi.
Effect of th eileriosis in sheep and goats on hemeto-biochemical parameters were studied included RBCs, Hb%, PCV, Platelets, WBCs, MCV, MCHC, AST, ALT, BUN, Bilirubin and Creatinine. Blood samples were collected from Th eileria confirmed, diseased animals (sheep and
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106
goats) along with equal number of health y animals for comparison. In sheep RBCs, Hb%, PCV, WBCs, MCHC, AST, ALT and Creatinine values showed significant difference when compared with values of health y animals. Significant (p<0.05) reduction was noted in measurement of RBCs, Hb%, PCV and MCHC whereas, AST, ALT and Creatinine showed significant increase in diseased animals. In goats affected with th eileriosis showed significant decrease in RBCs count and Hb%. Th e values for AST, ALT and Creatinine were found significantly increased in diseased animals when compared with health y control group of equal number of animals. In present study it was noted th at Butalex intra muscularly at th e rate of 2.5 mg/kg body weight is quite effective in eliminating th e Th eileria parasite from th e blood of sheep and goats and treatment at th e day 10 post treatment. Imizol was also found an effective treatment of th eileriosis but less effective th an Butalex. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2690-T] (1).
2.
Molecular Identification And Treatment Of Th eileriosis In Small Ruminants Of North ern Balochistan
by Mir Ahmad Khan (2005-VA-214) | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Arif Khan | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Azam Kakar | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Prof. Dr. Aftab Ahmad Anjum .
Material type: Book; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Th e present study was conducted to investigate th e prevalence of Ovine and Caprine Th eileriosis in North ern Highlands and Suleiman Mountain Region of Balochistan, Six th ickly populated /union councils were included in th e study area. Samples were collected from 2870 animals Sheep (n= 2200) and Goats (n= 670) for screening of th e disease. Th e samples were collected and processed in Regional Disease Investigation Laboratories, Department of Livestock and Dairy Development Balochistan, T.B. Sanatorium Hospital Quetta and Center for Vaccinology, Bacteriology, Th e University of Balochistan, Quetta and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Th e University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. Data revealed 20.82% disease in sheep and 9.70%. in goats. Th e regional prevalence of th eileriosis revealed 19.19% in North ern Highlands and 17.48% in Suleiman Mountain Region Chi-square analysis showed significant difference in th e prevalence of disease in sheep and goats. Th e regional difference was not significantly different between two regions of North ern Balochistan. Th e comparison among union councils showed significant difference being highest prevalence (22.71%) in union council Kuchlak district Quetta followed by Aghberg (18.42%) and Hanna Urak (15.53%) in North ern highlands and Union Council Zangiwal Jogezai (19.83%) followed by Kach Amaqzai (16.30%) and Sinjavi (15.92%) in SMR. Th e disease prevalence when compared among 4 different breeds of sheep showed significant difference being highest in Karakul breed (34.62%) followed by Shinwari (24.54%), Bibrik (19.36%) and Harnai (16.40%). Th e highest prevalence of th eileriosis in sheep and goats were observed in Summer season (30.30%) followed by Autumn 19.07%, Spring 14.52% and Winter
SUMMERY
105
7.61%. Chi-square analysis of th e data showed significant difference in th e prevalence of th e disease in different seasons of th e year. Th e disease was also compared in th ree age groups of sheep and goats. Th e data showed 22.17% disease in adult animal group above 2 years of age followed by 15.85% in animals between 1-2 year and 7.99% in age group below one year. Statistically significant difference in all age groups was found in chi-square analysis. Th e sex wise prevalence of th eileriosis revealed non-significant difference between male and female sheep and goats. Two different species of Th eileria were reported by many researchers causing disease in sheep and goats. Th e PCR was carried out for th e identification of Th eileria species affecting sheep and goats in Balochistan. Two species specific sets of primers were designed using 18SRNA gene sequence to identify th ese two species of Th eileria and th e distribution among th e two species of animals. Th e genomic DNA of two species of parasite was successfully amplified in positive samples. Th e assay was proved successful and we recommend for th e prevalence surveys for th eileriosis in sheep and goats. Th e data showed th at th e prevalence of T. lestoquardi was 73.80% in sheep and 69.23% was in goats in th e target regions. It was found th e T. lestoquardi was highly prevalent and causing th eileriosis in small ruminants. Th e prevalence of T. ovis was 26.19% in sheep and 30.76% in goats respectively in th e investigated animals; it was less th an T. lestoquardi. It was concluded th at both Th eileria species were identified and found circulating in small ruminants in th e target region of Balochistan. In th e study we determined th at PCR meth od based on 18S RNA gene could detect and differentiate T. ovis and T. lestoquardi.
Effect of th eileriosis in sheep and goats on hemeto-biochemical parameters were studied included RBCs, Hb%, PCV, Platelets, WBCs, MCV, MCHC, AST, ALT, BUN, Bilirubin and Creatinine. Blood samples were collected from Th eileria confirmed, diseased animals (sheep and
SUMMERY
106
goats) along with equal number of health y animals for comparison. In sheep RBCs, Hb%, PCV, WBCs, MCHC, AST, ALT and Creatinine values showed significant difference when compared with values of health y animals. Significant (p<0.05) reduction was noted in measurement of RBCs, Hb%, PCV and MCHC whereas, AST, ALT and Creatinine showed significant increase in diseased animals. In goats affected with th eileriosis showed significant decrease in RBCs count and Hb%. Th e values for AST, ALT and Creatinine were found significantly increased in diseased animals when compared with health y control group of equal number of animals. In present study it was noted th at Butalex intra muscularly at th e rate of 2.5 mg/kg body weight is quite effective in eliminating th e Th eileria parasite from th e blood of sheep and goats and treatment at th e day 10 post treatment. Imizol was also found an effective treatment of th eileriosis but less effective th an Butalex. Availability: No items available