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Etiopathology Of Tuberculosis Complex In Antelopes And Its Cytokine Profile

by Maryam Saddiqa (2009-VA-366) | Dr. Raheela Akhtar | Dr. Muhammad Yasin Tipu | Dr. Ali Ahmed Sheikh.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Bovine tuberculosis is a contagious disease of domestic and wild animals with serious zoonotic effects in humans. The economic importance and public health concern of bovine tuberculosis enlist it in the world top priority disease to be eliminated by WHO (World Health Organization). Tuberculosis in antelopes is caused by Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis & Mycobacterium avium. This disease in antelopes causes tremendous economic losses. Unfortunately in Pakistan no such study has been conducted on wildlife tuberculosis except one (Zeeshan 2007) his work was on the identification of one specie i.e. M.bovis in deer while this study was on the identification of three different types of species (Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium). A total of 50 blood samples from tuberculosis suspected antelopes were collected. These samples were subjected to multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex PCR) and cytokine ELISA to determine the etiopathology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The results indicated that 10% and 4% of antelopes were positive for M.bovis, M.tuberculosis infection with multiplex PCR and cytokine ELISA respectively. From these results it is evident that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is more sensitive than cytokine ELISA for the diagnosis Mycobacterium Tuberculosis complex (MTC) and it shows much higher percentage of positive cases. This study provided valuable information about the presence of M.bovis, M.tuberculosis and M.avium in different types of antelopes (Urial, Mouflon sheep, Black buck, Goral and Hog deer). The cytokine profile could be used as a diagnostic marker in future. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2549-T] (1).

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Amelioration Of Pathological Changes Due To Infectious Bursal Disease By The Administration Of Mentofin And Asi-Mirus In Broiler Chicken

by Muhammad Umair Shah (2011-VA-15) | Prof. Dr. Asim Aslam | Dr. Ghulam Mustafa | Dr. Ali Ahmed Sheikh.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Poultry industry is the second largest industry in Pakistan but despite of its rapid growth rate it is facing huge economic losses due to many infectious diseases. Infectious Bursal Disease is one of them. Huge economic losses in case of infectious bursal disease are due to immunosuppression and high mortality. In Pakistan, commercially available vaccines are abruptly used to control different viral diseases but unfortunately failure of these products occur from time to time. Hence, current study was designed to determine the immunostimulatory effect of two commercially available products (Mentofin and ASI-MIRUS) against IBD vaccine. A total 300 broiler chicks were taken, divided into six groups each having 50 birds and were replicated under controlled conditions. A, B and D groups were vaccinated with the IBD live virus vaccine. B and C groups were treated with Mentofin. D and E groups were treated with ASI-MIRUS while F group served negative control. To detect antibody titer against IBDV at every week (0-42 days of age), a commercial ELISA kit, IDEXX Flock Chek standard (IDEXX Corporation, Westbrook, ME, USA) was used. In order to analyze gross and microscopic changes in bursa, postmortem examination and histopathology of bursa was done. The volatile oils in Mentofin and ASI-MIRUS have effective immunomodulatory effects on humoral immune response in broiler chicks. Eucalyptus and peppermint oils increase bursa to body weight (B/BW) ratio as compared to untreated birds. Results of present study indicated the highest antibody titer in group D supplemented with ASI-MIRUS and vaccinated as compared to group B supplemented with Mentofin and vaccinated. Significantly high bursa to body weight ratio also observed in vaccinated group D (ASI-MIRUS treated) comparing with other CHAPTER 6 SUMMARY Summary 35 vaccinated groups A and B. In Group B (Mentofin treated), bursal samples showed necrosis at medullary region of bursal follicle. Group D (ASI-MIRUS treated) showed the active follicle consist of lymphoid cells and shown no obvious histopathological lesion. So present study showed that ASI-MIRUS is reduced the severity of IBDV which has more beneficial effect on immune response against IBD vaccinated Broiler Chicken as compared to Mentofin. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2557-T] (1).

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