1.
Incidence Of Surra (Trypanasomiasis) & Estimation Of Blood Glucose Protein P.,C.V. Values In Camels Grought To Lahore Abbatoir
by Saleem Ahmad, S | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Asif Rabbani | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Trypanosomiasis in camels caused by T. evansi occurs in both acute and chronic forms. In chronic forms huge production loss occur, i.e lower milk and meat yields. The present study had been designed to find out the incidence of the disease and estimation of blood glucose ,P.C.V. and protein level , it will eventually lead to the control of Trypanosomiasis.
For the incidence, blood samples were col- lected from Lahore abattoir and the presence of Trypa- nosome was confirmed by making smear from freshly collected blood samples from the ear vein.For the haematological study blood was collected from jugular vein in the glass tube . The values of protein , PC.V. and blood glucose was estimated by standard method.
Out of 500 samples 24 were proved to be positive i.e 4.80 % sample were positive.Whereas in the month of July 1991 it comes 4.16 %,In the month of Aug. 91 estimated as 5.58 % and during Sept. 91 was estimated as 4.30 %.
On examining the values of serum protein ,blood glucose and Packed Cell Volume ( P.C.V.) of the positive samples they showed slight increase in protein value ,decrease in glucose value and also reduction of P.C.V. values. Their mean values were calculated as 9.55 g/100 ml,29.07 mg/100 ml and 20.25 % respectively.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0247,T] (1).
2.
Serodiagnosis Of Ovine Hydatidosis
by Javaid, M | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Mubasher Saeed Mian | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: A study was under taken to find out the incidence of hydatidosis and to evaluate the efficacy of indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test for the confirmation of natural hydatidosis in sheep slaughtered at Lahore municipal abattoir.
Blood samples from 200 sheep (50 each from hydatidosis affected and free sheep on the basis of postmortem findings and 100 blood samples Elected randomly without considering postmortem finding). The serum from each sample was separated, properly labelled and stored at -20°C.
For the preparation of antigen, crude cyst fluid was aspirated aseptically from hydatid cysts. Blood from healthy sheep was collected in 3.8% sodium citrate solution and red blood cells were separated by centrifugation. A 2.5% red cell suspension was prepared in Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). The sheep erythrocytes were sensitized by Hydatid fluid antigen. Optimal dilution of antigen 1:16 was used in Phosphate Buffered Saline (p11 6.4) for sensitizing the sheep erythrocytes. All the sera were inactivated at 56°C for half an hour and serial two f1d serum dilutions were prepared by micropipettes in microtitre U plates and sensitized erythrocytes were added to the plates and incubated at room temperature in a humid chamber for 3 hours. A titre of 1:32 and above was considered as positive. In positive reactions, the cells agglutinated like a carpet at the bottom of the wells where as in negative cases the cells settled as a compact mass in the centre of the wells. By the indirect haemagglutination test Ninety-two percent sheep were found positive for hydatidosis. (Table-4.2). Out of 50 serum samples (Group A2), 46 (92%) were confirmed positive on postmortem while 3 out of 50 (6%) hydatid free samples (Group A3), gave false positive results with IHA test.
It was concluded that indirect haemagglutination test is an accurate, reliable and sensitive test (92%) for the diagnosis of hydatidosis in sheep.
The blood cell counts (TLC, DLC) and blood chemistry (Total protein, A/G ratio) of the samples under investigation were also carried out. From the results it was evident that the hydatid cysts did not affect the blood values of the host significantly. However, only 28% of hydatid positive animals showed eosinophilia ranging from 7 to 23% which was non pathognomonic.
It was thus inferred that blood cell counts and blood c1vmistry of the hydatid cyst patients was of no diagnostic value.
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3.
A Comparative Study Of Lungworms In Sheep & Goats & The Effect Of Mixed Namatode Infection On Certain Blood Parameters
by Irshad Ahmed Sherazi | Dr. Sh,. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Afzal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to find out the incidence of lungworm infestation, identify the different species and to observe the effect of mixed nematode infections on certain blood parameters in sheep and goats. The study was conducted at Parasitology Laboratory, College of Vety. Sciences Lahore. For this purpose sheep & goats brought to Lahore abattoirs for slaughtering were closely examined before and after slaughter and animals suspected for lungworms were selected for collection of blood and tissue samples. 200 samples of lungs and blood 100 each from sheep and goats were collected for parasitological and haematolog ical examination, respectively.
The results revealed that incidence of lungworms infestation in sheep and goats was 31 and 11 %, respectively. It was observed that Dictyocaulus filaria, Protostrongylus rufescence and Muellerius capillaris infection in lung of sheep was in the order of 22, 8, and 1 % respectively, whereas, the incidence of lungworms infestation in lungs of goats caused by the same species was 8, 3 and 0 %, respectively.
The highest incidence of lungworms infection observed was that of Dictyocaulus filaria in both the sheep and goats, while Muellerius capillaris was found only in lungs of one sheep and infection by this species could not be detected in goats.
The findings of this study showed that average red blood cell count, heamoglobin level and packed cell volume were reduced due to nematode infection in sheep and goats. The results have also indicated that nematode infection in sheep and goats enhanced erythrocyte sedimentation rate. From the results of the present study, it may be concluded that incidence of lungworm infestation in sheep and goats is on the higher side which warrants that suitable treatment and control measures should be adopted to safeguard our valuable livestock from this serious infection. It is also evident from the results that nematode infection adversly affects the components of blood in sheep and goats which may lead to anaemia and loss of growth and production.
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4.
A Study On The Taxonomy Of Sheep Cestodes And The Efficacy Of Albendazole And Miclosamide Against Natural Infections
by Ashraf, M | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Mubashar Saeed Mian | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: Pakistan has a large population of live stock, which plays an important role in the economy of the country. Parasitism adversally effects the growth and production of livestock. Great economic losses have been attributed to the sheep population in our country due to the parasitic infections including cestodes. A study of cestodal infections with taxonomy of the prevalent cestoctes species affecting sheep at different age groups in and around Lahore was conducted. The taxonomical study was conducted in the month of August, September and October, 1993. For this purpose 200 guts (one hurtdered each from below six month and above six month of sheep) were collected from Lahore Abattoir. Parasites were identitied under the microscope by preparing permanent mounts.
The over all incidence of cestodes infection in sheep was 65.5%.
The species of various genera of cestodes observed during the present
study were:
Moniezia pansa (64%), Moniezia benedeni (60%), Avitellina cjj[iur1ctta
(49.50%), Avitellina lahorea (40%), Avitellina sudanea (30%), Stilesia vittata
(30%), Stilesia globiounctata (50%) and Thvsanosoma actinioides (6%).
Monthwise prevalence of cestodes infection was also carried out and it was observed that the highest infection rate was (76%) during the month of August and (66.25%) during the month of September. While the lowest incidence was recorded as (57.14%) during the month of october, 1993.
The taxonomy of the prevalent cestode species was carried out. The effect of age of the animals on the intensity of cestodal infection was also studied. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of cestode infections among the two groups.
The present work was also aimed to verify the efficacy of two commonly available anthelmintics namely albendazole (valbazen) and niclosarnide (mansonil), in naturally infected stceep with Gastrointestinal cestocJes. Fifty sheep positive for cestods infections were randomly divided into two groups A and B, each group comprising of 25 animals. Group. A was given albendazole (valbazen) at a dose rate of 2.5 mg/kg body weight orally while the group B was administered niclosamide (mansonil) at a dose rate of 100 mg/kg body weight orally. The efficacy of both the drugs was evaluated on the bases of reduction of segments and number of eggs per gram of faeces after medication. The egg counts were made on zero, 3rd and 21st day. Both the drugs revealed a progressive decrease in the faccal egg/segment counts. The efficacy of albenclazole on 3rd and 21st day was 96.02 and 99.23% repectively while the efficacy of niclosamide (mansonil) was 100% on 3rd and 21st day.
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5.
A Comparative Study Of Helminth And Haemoparasites Of Domestic And Wild Pigeons
by Asma Hussain | Dr. Mubashir Saeed Mian | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: There is an increasing interest in pigeons and other game and ornamental birds. These birds are generally kept either free roaming or confined in outdoor pens and hence are vulnerable to various parasitic infectious, which greatly effects the productivity of these birds.
The meat production of the pigeons can be improved by controlling disease problems particularly helrninths and blood protozoan infections, so that in near future they may contribute towards narrowing down the animal protein supply gap by substituting poultry meat with squabs.
The present work was planned for the comparative study of helminths and heemoparasites of domestic and wild pigeons. For this purpose 300 each of guts and blood smears were studied. The overall incidence of gastrointestinal helminths and blood protozoans was 77.33% and 31.99% respectively, while 36% of birds had mixed infection. The incidence of gastro-intestinal helminths and blood protozoa in wild pigeons was 89.33 and 20.66 percent respectively and in domestic pigeons it was 65.33% and 11.33% respectively. Whereas mixed infections were 22% and 14% respectively.
The following species of helmitiths and blood protozoa were recorded and identified.
1. Raillietina tetragona
2. Raillietiiia cesticillus
3. Choanolaenia infundibulum
4. Ascaridia colurnbae and
5. Cap illaria obgnata
The two species of blood protozoa recovered were:
1. Aegypanella pullorum and
2. Haeiçotuscumbae
Among the helrninths recorded, cestodes were found predominating as compared with nernatodes in both wild and domestic pigeons. Raillietina cesticillus was the most common cestode species in both Wild and domestic pigeons i.e. 51 and 33 percent respectively while Asci colurnbae predominated the nernatode species i.e. 18 and 15 percent respectively. The Incidence was higher in wild pigeons.
Aegyptianella pullorum was more common blood protozoan i.e. 22 and 11 percent respectively in wild and domestic pigeons. The incidence of Haemoproteus clumbae was 9 and 11 percent respectively.
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6.
A Study Of Gastro Intestinal Parasitism And Haematological Disturbances Associated With Single Or Multiple Infection In Sheep
by Hafeez, M | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Mubashar Saeed Mian | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1996Dissertation note: Nature has blessed Pakistan with a large population of livestock which play an important role in the economy of the country. Parasitism adversely effects the growth and production of livestock. Great economic losses have been attributed to the sheep population in our country due to parasitic infections including gastro-intestinal parasitism. A study of gastro-intestinal parasitism with isolation and identification of the parasite species affecting sheep at different age groups in and around Lahore was conducted in the months of July, August, September and October, 1994.
For this purpose 200 G.I. tracts of sheep (One hundred each from below six months and above six months of age) were collected from Lahore Metropolitan Corporation, Abattoir.
The overall incidence of gastro-itestinal parasitism in sheep was found to be 68.5%. Age group wise incidence was found to be 71% and 66% in sheep below and above six months of age respectively. Classwise overall incidence was found to be Sporozoan (51%), Trematodes (21%), Cestodes (62%) and Nematodes (68%).
Age group wise incidence of Sporozoan, Trematodes, Cestodes and Nematodes was found to be 60% and 42%, 12% and 30%, 71% and 53%, 73% and 63% in sheep below and above six months of age.
Month-wise prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasitism was also carried out which was higher in the month of August and lowest in the month of October. Nineteen different species of Parasites were recorded which are detailed as under:
1. Eimeria arloingi
2. Eimeria ninakohlvakimovae
3. Eimerla parva
4. Elmerla intricata
5. Eimeria faurei
6. Paramphistomum cervi
7. Cotylophoron cotvlophorum
8. Moniezia. expansa
9. Moniezia benedeni
10. Avitellina centripunctata
11. Haemonchus contortus
12. Oesophagostomum colunThianum
13. Oesophagostonim venulosum
14. Trichuri
15. Ostertagia circumcincta
16. Ostertagia ostertagi
17. Chabertia ovina
18. Trichostrongvlus colubriformis
19. Nematodirus spathiger
The isolation and identification of various collected parasites was carried out. The relationship between the age of sheep and the occurrence of gestro-Intestinal parasitism was also studied. There was a Non Significant difference in the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites among the two groups.
The present project was also aimed to observe the effect of single or multiple parasitism on certain haematological parameters like, estimation of haemoglobin contents, total erythrocytic count, total leukocytic count, erythrocyte sedimentation Rate, packed cell volume and differential leukocytic count.
These heamatological studies were carried out on control (parasitic free) and parasitised sheep of below and above six months of age.
The findings of haematological studies showed that there was decrease in haemoglobin contents. total erythrocytic count, packed cell volume, total leukocytic count and increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate in both sheep below and above six months of age under the effect of single or multiple gastrointestinal parasitism. The values of differential leukocytic count were variable in both age groups.
Most of the haematological disturbances on various blood parameters in both age group of sheep were proved to be statistically significant.
From the results of the presents study, it has been concluded that the incidence of gastro-intestinal parasitism in sheep below and above six months of age is on the higher side which warrants that certain essential preventive measures must be adopted to safeguard our valuable livestockfrom these serious parasitic infestations. It is also evident from the results that gastro-intestinal parasitism adversely affects the blood components in sheep which may lead to anaemia, loss of growth and loss of production.
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7.
A Study Of Gastro Intestinal Helminthiasis And The Effects Of Natural Infection On Various Blood Parameters In The Buffaloes
by Ishtiaq Ahmad | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Mubasher Saeed Mian | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: A total of 76 buffaloes brought to the Lahore Metropolitan Slaughter house were studied for helminthiasis. Out of which 50 (65.79%) were found positive.
The helminthiasis positive guts were examined for the presence of helminths and the following species were identified Haemonchus contortus (11.84%), Haemonchus placei (10.53%), Ostertagia ostertagi (7.89%), Trichostrongylus axei (3.95%), Mecistocirrus digitatus (2.63%), Trichostrongylus colubriformis (7.89%), Cooperia oncophora (9.21%), Cooperia punctata (5.26%), Cooperia pectinata (6.58%) , Nematodirus helvetianus (2.63%), Bunostomum phiebotomum (2.63%), Strongyloides papillosus (2.63%), Oesophagostornum radiatum (3.95%), Trichuris globulosa (1.32%), Paramphistomum cervi (3.95%), Paramphistomum microbothrium (2.63%) and Monezia benedeni (2.63%)
The effect of helminthiasis on blood parameters like, total erythrocytic count, total leukocytic count, packed cell volume, erythrocytic sedimentation rate, haemoglobin concentration was investigated and the values recorded were 5.840±0.110x106 Cimm, 5.447±0.074x103 Cumm, 32,858±0.230%, 38.004±0.217 mm/hr. and 10.368±0.096 gm/lOOml respectively. The differential leucocytic count values for neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils were
43.16±0.531%, 43.82±0.718%, 6.40±0.187%, 5.620±0.241% and 1.040±0.124% respectively.
Similarly the helminth free (control> animals studied for their total erythrocytic count, total leukocytic count, packed cell volume, erythrocytic sedimentation rate, haemoglobin concentration, gave their averages as 7.382±0.068x106 Cmm, 6.321±0.084x103 Cimm, 38.927±0.286%, 28.213±0.148 mm/hr. and 11.892±0.286 gm/lOOml respectively. The differential leukocytic count values for neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils were
29.15±0.365%, 56.0±0.513%, 8.12410.28%, 5. 852410 .264% and 0.90±0.191% respectively.
The average values for helminth infected and helminth free animals were analysed statistically. The infected animals had a significantly decreased total erythrocytic count, total leukocytic count, packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, lymphocytes and eosinophils with increased erythrocytic sedimentation rate and neutrophils, while no significant difference was seen in monocytes and basophils.
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8.
The Effects Of Induced Coccidiosis On Growth And Blood Parameters In Commercial Quails (Coturnix Coturnix
by Ashraf, M | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Mubashar Saeed | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: The study was designed to see the effects of experimentally induced coccidiosis op growth and blood parameters in commercial quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). For this purpose 200 day old quail chicks were obtained from a local hatchery and raised under standard, controlled coccidia free conditions. A commercial coccidiostat free feed was provided. At the age of 21 days, birds were divided into 2 groups A and B each comprising 100 birds.
Birds of group 'A' were kept as non infected control and birds of group 'B' were infected with I ml of coccidial inoculum having 50,000 sporulated oocysts given directly into crop. After the infection, the OPG of the both groups was recorded. Weekly weight gain/bird of both A and B group was recorded. Meanwhile the morbidity, mortality, clinical finding and post-mortem finding were also observed. At the end of experimental period of 42 day, 20 birds from each group were slaughtered and blood sample were collected for haematology.
The weight of birds in group 'B' was significantly lower than that of group 'A' birds. The morbidity and mortality rate in group B were 100% and 38% respectively.
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9.
A Study On Gastro Intestinal Nematodes Of Camels Slaughtered At Metropolitan Corporation Abattoir Lahore With Taxonomy Of The Isolated Species
by Abbas Ali, Syed | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Mubasher Saeed Mian | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present study was carried out to determine the incidence of gastro-intestinal nematodes of camels, with the taxonomy of the isolated species. Sixty guts were examined rendomly at the rate of 15 guts per month from August to November, 1993. The adult parasites were collected, fixed and preserved. The whole mounts were prepared. The faecal samples were examined and the EPG was estimated using McMaster egg counting technique. The taxonomy of the isolated species was determined by examing the whole mounts, according to the morphological characters given in the keys. The five species of nematodes representing different genera were isloated and identifed as Haenionchus ion gistipes, Izlaemonchus contortus, C'ainelostrongy!us mentulatus, Neniatodirus spathiger and Trichuris giobulosa.
The overall incidence recorded from camels during the present study was 65 percent. The morphological characters were studied by preparing permanent mounts and were described.
The findings of the present study will help in planning programme for the control of parasitic disease, especially caused by the above mentioned species of nematodes of camels in Pakistan, which will contribute to the development of animal industry by providing much effective coverage for the devastating effects of the parasites and will ultimately enchance the production of milk, meat and hides.
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10.
A Study On The Epidemiological Aspects Of Fascioliasis In Buffaloes In Lahore District
by Rabbia Sahar | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Haji Ahmed Hashmi | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1996Dissertation note: The study was designed to find the prevalence and intensity of liver fluke infection in buffaloes in Lahore District. The study period was from April 1995 to July 1995. The data was based on:
Data collected from four Veterinary Hospitals in Lahore District namely, Herbenspura, R.A. Bazar, Shamkey Bhattian and Rukh Chandra indicated that during the study period from 1 April, 1995 to 31 July, 1995, a total of 2184 buffaloes were treated for different diseases in these hospitals. Based on history, clinical symptoms and response to treatment 229 (10.48%) buffaloes were positive for fascioliasis.
Information collected from Municipal Corporation, Lahore abattoirs regarding economical losses revealed that one hundred eight million rupees were lost annually due to damage and condemnation of liver fluke infected livers.
Two hundred faecal samples collected directly from the rectum of buffaloes from various localities at Lahore were examined microscopically by fresh smear and sedimentation methods, which revealed that 75 (37.5%) buffaloes were suffering from fascioliasis.
In order to determine the intensity of Fascioliasis in infected animals, quantitative faecal examination was done (and it ranged from 32.6 to 45.6 EPG indicating that the disease is likely to be pathogenic).
Overall liver fluke infection was recorded by examining forty livers along with their bile ducts collected from slaughtered buffaloes and it was found that 16 (40%) had liver fluke infection.
Identification of live flukes from the infected flukes revealed that 8 (50%) had mixed infection of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, 5 (31.25%) had only Fasciola gigantica infection while 3 (18.75%) had only Fasciola hepatica infection.
It was concluded from the above studies that Fascioliasis in buffaloes in Lahore district is quite prevalent, and it needs to adopt appropriate measures to control the infection.
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11.
Physicochemical Factors Effecting The Survival Of Newcastle Disease Virus
by Rizwan Qayyum | Dr. Muhammad Naeem | Dr. asif Rabbani | Prof. Dr. S.A.R. Rizvi | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: For this research project, about 305 fresh fertile hen eggs were obtained from Veterinary Research Institute, Lahore. These eggs after cleaning were incubated at 37°C in automatic incubator for 11 days. At the 11th day, candling was done to confirm the fertility of eggs, either they are embryonated or not,. Eggs found dead at the time of candling were discarded. Fertile eggs 305 in number were inoculated with physically and chemically treated mesogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus which had already been treated and stored in plastic vials at -20°C. Each egg was inoculated with about 0.lnil of the treated viral sample. Four eggs were set for each of the factor for each time period. Four eggs were kept control in each factor in which viral suspension without physical or chemical treatment was inoculated.
The project was designed to study the effect of physical and chemical factors on the survival of Newcastle disease virus. The physical factors were temperature, p11 and UV light and chemical factors included five disinfectants like Formaline, Iosan, Phenol Aldekol and Bromosept (QAC). It was noted that at 56°C temperature virus lost its haemagglutinating activity after 45 minutes, but survived this temperature at 15 and 30 minutes exposure. It was observed that virus survived at pH 4 and 9 for 6, 12, 18 and 24 hrs but was killed at pH 1 and 13 for all the said time periods. After exposing virus to UV light, it was examined that Newcastle disease virus survived at UV light exposure for 45 minutes.
As far as the chemical factors were concerned, the results showed that 0.48% concentration of formalin inactivated virus in 30 minutes but not in 15 minutes. Other two concentrations i.e. 0.12% and 0.24% could not inactivate the virus. Phenol and Bromosept showed good antiviral activity against ND virus. 0.4% and 0.6% concentrations of Phenol inactivated the virus within 15 minutes but virus retained its HA activity at 0.2% phenol concentrations for 15, 30 and 45 minutes. The virus survived at 0.1% Bromosept concentration for 45 minutes and at 0.5% concentration for 15 minutes time but its haemagglutinating property was lost at 0.5% concentration in 30 minutes and at 1% concentration, the virus was killed within 15 minutes time. 0.1% concentration of Aldekol could not inactivate the virus in 15, 30 or 45 minutes. At its 0.5% concentration virus was inactivated after 45 minutes exposure but not at 15 and 30 minutes. However 1% Aldekol inactivated virus after 30 minutes but not within 15 minutes time. losan with 0.5% and 1.0% concentrations killed the mesogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus in 15, 30 and 45 minutes respectively. So the results of this study show that losan shows excellent antiviral activity against ND virus and is the best for disinfection of this virus at the farm. Bromosept (QAC) and Phenol should be the other two options for farmers to disinfect their sheds and hatcheries to minimize the chances of infection from Newcastle disease virus.
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12.
Studies On The Incidence Of Gastro Intestinal Helminths And Their Economic Impact On Production Potential Of Sheep
by Zia ur Rehman, Qazi | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Afzal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: A study of gastro intestinal helminth parasites of sheep and goats of District Peshawar has been conducted, covering a period of 4 months (May to August, 1998). During this study incidence of GIT. helminths and their impact on production potential (weight gain) of sheep and goats was studied. Random collection of samples were made from Peshawar slaughter house and a total of 40 guts each in sheep and goats were examined and following species of helminths were recovered and identified. Oesophagostomum columbianum, 0. venulosum, Trichuris parvespiculum, Haemonchus contortus, Chabertia ovina, Bunostornum trigonocephalum, Nematodirus spathiger, Moniezia benedeni, Moniezia expansa, Trichuris lani, T. globulosa, Cysticercus tenuicollis.
Only two species of cestodes and nine species of nematodes were recorded during the study. However no trematode specie was recorded. Amongst the nematodes Trichiurisparuespiculum infection was recorded to be the highest in sheep and goats with an incidence of 64.70% and 73.33% respectively. The incidence of Haemonchus contortus was 24.19 and 53.33% in sheep and goats respectively. The worm burden ranged from 1-470 in sheep and 3-141 in goats respectively.
Out of total gastro intestinal tracts examined (40 each in sheep and goats), 73.33% and 60.29% were found positive for mixed infection in sheep and goats respectively.
In order to assess the effect of GIT helminths on live weight gain and its measurement in terms of economics of the above mentioned animals, 0 Hasthnagri sheep and 30 beetal goats were divided into two groups (control vs. treated by Nilzan Plus of ICI). The average daily weight gain in sheep group was 83.78 gms while in goats it. was 85.26 gms per animal. On comparison with treated group, the increase weight gain was 3.03 kg and 2.56 kg in sheep and goats respectively at the end of the experiment. Calculating the increase on live weight basis Rs.234.5 and 158 per animal were earned more in sheep and goats respectively. After deducting the cost of anthelmintic treatment the net gain Rs.222.5 and Rs.146 per animal in sheep and goats. During this study a progressive decrease in faecal egg counts with increasing age was observed both in sheep and goats.
Statistical analysis by using un-paired "t" test confirmed that there was significant differences in weight gain and faecal egg counts, between control and treated groups of sheep and goats.
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13.
Estimation Of Blood Haemoglobin, Serum Iron And Magnesium Level In Clinical Cases Of Ovine Haemonchosis
by Haneef ur Rehman | Dr . Asif Rabbani | Dr . Mubashar Saeed Mian | Dr . Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1985Dissertation note: Haemonchosis is a serious helminthic infection of sheep and goats resulting in the mortality due to excessive blood loss and causes great economic losses. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of natural infection of Haemonchus contortus in sheep upon blood haemo- globin, serum iron and magnesium level so that it could aid in accurate diagnosis and effective therapeutic measures. Infection was confirmed through faecal examination. Eggs per gram of faeces were calculated by McMaster egg counting technique. To see the effect of severity of infection on these blood components, blood samples of positive cases were taken from jugular vein.
Blood haemoglobin, serum iron and magnesium were estimated by using standard diagnostic kits with spectrophotometer. A decreased level of haemoglobin and serum iron was directly proportional to the severity of infection. However, no alteration in serum magnesium level was observed in infected and non-infected animals.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0701,T] (1).
14.
Toxonomical Study Of The Genus Trichuris And Comparative Anthelminitc Efficacy Of Fenbendazole (Panacur) Ad Albendazole (Valbazen) Against Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes in Sheep
by Dr. Muhammad Iftikhar | Mr. Asif Rabbani | Mr. M. Akram | Mr. Muhammad Afzal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1990Dissertation note: Pakistan has a large population of livestock, which plays an important role in the economy of the country. Parasitism is a major problem in our country. Great economic losses have been attributed to the sheep population in our country due to the parasitic infections. The genus Trichuris includes some of the most important nematode species effecting the sheep, therefore a taxonomical study of the genus Trichuris was conducted in the month of September and October, 1989. For this purpose 100 guts (large intestine) of sheep slaughtered at Lahore abattoir were procured and brought to the parasitology laboratory College of Veterinary Sciences, for further investigations. The overall incidence of Trichuris spp. was found to be 74% . The following two species were recorded.
1. Trichuris ovis 66%
2. Trichuris globulosa 18%
Taxonomy of Trichuris species was studied by preparing permanent mounts. The present work was also aimed to see the effect of two commonly available anthelmintics namely fenbendazole (panacur) and albendazole (valbazen), on naturally infected sheep with gastrointestinal nematodes. Sixty sheep positive for nematode infections were randomly divided into three groups A,B & C each group comprising of 20 animals. Group A and B
were given fenbendazole and albendazole respectively according to the manufacturers dose rate while group C was kept as untreated control. The efficacy of both the drugs was evaluated on the bases of reduction of eggs per gram of faeces after medication. The egg counts were made on zero, 7th, 14th and 21st day. Both the drugs revealed a progressive decrease in the faecal egg counts. The efficacy of fenbendazole on 7th, .14th and 21st day was 96.33, 97.05 and 99.66% respectively while the efficacy of albendazole was 92.56, 95.37 and 98.18% respectively. There was no significant difference in the effectiveness of the drugs.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1130,T] (1).
