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The Effect Of Feeding Of Physically, Chemically And Biologically Treated Rice Husk On Serum Minerals In Sheep

by Sohrab Ahmad (2014-VA-529) | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Youaf | Dr. Rahat Naseer.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Rice is the second major cereal crop cultivated in Pakistan. The rice crop‘s residual parts, i.e. straw and husk are used as an animal feed. To enhance the nutritive value and digestibility of these residues different treatments are used, including Physical, Chemical and Biological treatments to enhance animal performance. In the present study, the effect of Physical, Chemical and Biological treatment of rice husk was observed on the serum mineral profile which is also an indicator of an animal’s performance. Thirty six adult sheep were divided into six groups. Negative control group 1, positive control 2, physically treated group 3 acid treated rice feeding group 4, alkali treated rice husk group 5, and biologically fermented rice husk group 6. Each group received 20% treated rice husk along with the routine ration. Blood was collected at day 60 and serum was separated, which was analyzed for minerals by using atomic absorption specrophotometrery and flame photometry. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. One-way ANOVA was applied on data to observe among the group difference while group differences were compared by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. The results revealed that serum level of zinc was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in group 6 compared to group 4 and 1 but similar to group 2 and other treatment groups (figure 1). However, we found a tendency towards significance (p=0.056) in serum calcium level, which was higher in group 5 compared to other treatment groups and group 1 but was found similar to group 2. The serum sodium level also showed a trend towards significance (p=0.072) in group 2, 3 and 5 compared to group 6. Serum iron and potassium level were found non-significant (p<0.05) in all treatments groups compared to group 1 and 2. Blood hemoglobin level was found significantly higher (P=0.013) in control positive group compared to control negative group, 3, 4, 5and was similar to group 6. The platelet count was found in a tendency towards significance (P=0.062), higher in all treatment groups compared to the negative control group. The hematological parameters, i.e. RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, and MCHC were found non-significant (p< 0.05) in both the control groups and all treatment groups. Concluding the above discussion, we suggest that fermented rice husk feeding may have better effect on the animal n terms of increase in minerals retention and hemoglobin level in the blood which will cause an increase in the metabolic activities and hence growth of the animal. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2465-T] (1).

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Effect Of Bisphenol-A On Glucose Uptake And Electrophysiology Of Isolated Ileum Of Rabbit

by Hina Rafiq (2014-VA-921) | Dr. Imtiaz Rabbani | Prof. Dr. Habib ur Rehman | Dr. Rahat Naseer.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: A major nutritional problem these days is the biological and chemical contamination of food with environmental chemicals. Bisphenol-A (BPA) is one of a chemical which is produce worldwide and cause food contamination. BPA has many genomic and non-genomic effects and target various organs of both human and animals and cause hazardous effects. BPA cause other diseases such as angina, coronary heart disease, heart attack, stroke, asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, arthritis, thyroid hormone disruption, liver damage and disrupted beta cell function. It has adverse effects on the homeostasis of glucose which leads to the metabolic disorders like insulin resistant type 2 diabetes. BPA also affect the barrier function of small intestine. The current study was aimed to investigate the effect of BPA on the barrier function of intestine. Bisphenol-A (BPA) wasdisrupt glucose uptake and perturb the gut barrier function. Our study aimed to find out the effect of Bisphenol-A on the electrophysiology of ileum of small intestine of rabbit.For this purpose twenty healthy rabbits of uniform age and weight were selected and slaughtered at slaughter house of UVAS. Ileum was taken from the intestinal part and rinsed with standard buffer. Serosallayer was removed and tissue was mounted in Ussing Chamber. After incubation period of 15-20mins different groups were treated with different concentrations of BPA anddivided into four groups (A, B, C, and D), each having five rabbits. Group A, was control. In group B, tissue was treated with Bisphenol-A 5 µM. Group C was treated with 15 µM of Bisphenol-A, and group D was treated with 30µM of Bisphenol-A. After treatment the electrophysiological parameters like short circuit current (Isc), conductance (Gt) and potential difference (mV)was observed. BPA affected the electrophysiology of isolated ileum of rabbit by decreasing the short circuit current. The decrease of current between the groups is significant (p value < 0.05). Iscwas significantly decrease between the groups containing 5µМ BPA and control group.Gtwas significantly different from group 5µМ and group 15µМ of BPA.mV was significantly different from control group and group 15µМ of BPA. Statistical analysis was conducted with statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS). The data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Post hoc test was carried out using Tukey. P value was considered significant at P<0.05. The result of this study showed that BPA 5µM effects the electrophysiology of intestine as compared to other groups (15 µM and 30 µM). Suggesting a possible role of BPA in affected intestinal barrier function and glucose uptake. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2838-T] (1).

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