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Prevalence And Risk Analysis Of Coxiella Burnetii In Soil Of Sheikhupura And Attock Districts Of Punjab

by Sidra Akram (2009-VA-246) | Dr. Muhammad Zubair Shabbir | Prof. Dr. Masood Rabbani | Dr. Waseem Shahzad.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Background: Besides nutrients and minerals, soil is aggregate of number of pathogens. Many of them are of zoonotic importance and have significant threat to public health. Of these is Coxiella burnetii that has been reported from other countries including the neighboring to Pakistan. Its occurrence in soil, clinical significance and importance to human and animal health has been reported; nevertheless nothing is known of C. burnetii in Pakistan particularly in rural setup where human and animals are in close proximity to each other as well as the fact that how different risk factors can be implicated in its spread and survival in the soil. PCR helps to identify the organism on the basis of its genome and it is highly preferable over other conventional detection assays. Methodology: PCR technique was used to identify C. burnetii in the soils of Sheikhupura and Attock districts.Soil samples were collected from each village of the both districts and processed for genome extraction using commercial soil DNA extraction kit. Following genome extraction, the samples were run further for PCR analysis followed by standard gel electrophoresis technique. Later the pathogens prevalence has mapped in relation to roads, canals, rivers and drains for both districts. Summary 47 Outcome: Contribute to the understanding about previously unrevealed prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in soil of district Sheikhupura and Attock together with risk factor analysis implicating possible health significance as well as survival in the soil. The distribution among two districts showed a close association of gene IS1111 positivity and the land use. Positive samples were mostly found along the roads and water bodies (canals, drains, river etc.). Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2314-T] (1).

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Prevalence Of Cpb2 In Clostridium Perfringens Isolated From Livestock In Punjab Pakistan

by Iqra Baig (2009-VA-228) | Dr. Aamir Ghafoor | Dr. Jawad Nazir | Dr. Waseem Shahzad.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: The current study designed for the microbiological and molecular characterization of C. perfringens. C. perfringens is Gram positive rod shape, spore forming bacteria and these are free living bacteria. It is suggested by different studies that the C. perfringens has ability to producing different disease in intestine wall of bovines. Mostly C. perfringens has ability of producing different variety of toxins and enzymes that are responsible for severe myo-necrotic lesions. C. perfringens is divided into five groups (A-E) on the basis of ability for producing the major toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon and iota). A total of 100 fecal samples cattle (n=50) and buffalo (n=50) were collected and analyzed to determine the prevalence of C. perfringens contamination. The samples were enriched in Fluid Thioglycollate Medium (FTM), purified on Reinforced Clostridium Medium (RCM) agar and were identified by their culture characters, morphology and biochemical profile. For confirmation of C. perfringens biochemical test, hemolysis on blood agar, lecithinase activity, gelatine liquefaction test and nitrate reduction test were performed. C. perfringens was successfully isolated from 17 out of 100 samples with an overall positivity ratio of 17 percent. Seven out of 50 were positive for C. perfringens in cattle while this was 10 in buffalo showing slightly higher percentage of C. perfringens in buffalo. Confirmed C. perfringens isolates through biochemical test were subject for DNA extraction by boiling method and kit method both. Isolates of C. perfringens confirmed through biochemical testing were subject for PCR to confirm cpb2 toxin gene. Zero prevalence was found from PCR results. CHAPTER 6 SUMMARY Summary 47 Conclusion: The study reveals that there is high prevalence of C. perfringens among buffalo than cattle. C. perfringens is prevalent in our local animals but beta2 toxin gene not found in the C. perfringens. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2209-T] (1).

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