1.
Evaluation Of Dual Staining Procedure To Detect The Viability And True Acrosome Reaction Of Buffalo Bull Spermatozoa
by Munir Ahmad | Rashid Ahmed Chaudry | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Tayyab Rahil | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0091,T] (1).
2.
A Study Of Micromorphology, Alkaline Phosphatase And Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels Of Buffaloes Suffering From Endometritis
by Mohammad Ali | Tufail Muhammed Khan | Javaid Rashid | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0140,T] (1).
3.
Preliminery Studies On Hydropericardium Syndrome In Broiler
by Khurshid Ahmad | Muhammed Ajmal | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Zafar Iqbal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1989Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0156,T] (1).
4.
Preparation Of Fowl Pox Vaccine On Tissue Culture
by Qamar-ul-Islam | Muhammed Yousaf Vaid | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Sheikh Altaf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1980Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0158,T] (1).
5.
Immune Response In Chicks Administered Mukteswar And Lasota Strain Newcastle Disease Vaccines Through Different Routes (Intraocular, Drinking Water, Subcutanequsly And Intramuscularly)
by Raza-ul-Haq | Muham,med Akram Muneer | Ata Ur | Rashid Ahmed Chaudry | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1989Dissertation note: This study was under-taken to compare the immune response of 6 weeks old chickens which were administered Mukteswar and LaSota Strain NDV Vaccines through different routes (intraocular, drinking water, subcutaneous or intramuscular).
Birds in groups E and G which were subcutaneously and intramuscularly vaccinated with the Mukteswar strain of ND Vaccine had GMT of 181. and 315 respectively. All the vaccinates resisted virulent NDV challenge and did not show any clinical signs or untoward reaction following challenge. The groups F & H which were vaccinated subcutaneously and intramuscularly with LaSota Strain of ND Vaccine had GMT of 74 and 91, respectively. All the vaccinates of groups F and H resisted challenge. Groups A and B were administered Mukteswar and LaSota Strain of ND Vaccine intraocularly. Their GMT was 84 and 45,. respectively. LaSota Strain Vaccine conferred 80% protection while the Mukteswar Strain Vaccine afforded 92% protection.
Groups C and D were administered Mukteswar and LaSota Strain ND Vaccines through drinking water. Their GMT on 21 days postvaccination was 74 and 6.9 respectively. The postchallenge protection rate of Mukteswar and LaSota Strain vaccines was 72 percent and 68 percent, respectively.
This study indicates that the Mukteswar strain induces higher HI titre and protection percentage than the LaSota Strain irrespective of the route of administration.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0173,T] (1).
6.
A Study On The Incidence Of Salmonellosis In Poultry In And Around Lahore
by Zubair Anjum | Muhammed Akram muneer | Muhammed Naeem | Tufail | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1983Dissertation note: Poultry has emerged ss an imtrnrtant industry in Pakistan in recent years. The Salmonellosis in poultry has become major hinderence in the development of this industry. The imnortsnt oathoens are Salmonella gallinarum and SalmoneHa nuilorurn which mainly effct noultry.
Snot agglutintion whole-blood ranid test was conducted on 1000 birds from breeding stocks at noultrv farms and noul try cliñiôs. 17q (17.9°) reacted oositively and 100 oositive birds were selected and slaughtered and internal organs such as liver, soleen ovary and ilium were collected and their morbid material was cultured on selenite broth for 18-24 hours and then on Salmonel1a- Shigella agar for 24-48 hours at 37°C. Nutrient and MacrConkey agars were used to obtain oure colonies. Salmonella isolations were successful from 54 (54%) cases out of 100. Salmonella gallinarum from i15 (45%) cases and Salmonella pullorum from 9 (9%). The incidence due to S.gallinarum (83.33%) was higher to S.pullorum (16.67%). Different biochemical and serological tests were conducted Serologically 'D' group was confirmed.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0178,T] (1).
7.
Studies On Duration Of Maternally Derived Antibodies Against Pasteurella Multocida In Buffalo Calves
by Fayyaz Mahmood | Muhammed Amin SHeikh | M.Sarwer Khan | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
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Publisher: 1990Dissertation note: Haemorrhagic septicaemia, an imrortant bacterial disease of dairy animals (buffaloes and cattle), results due to infection of Pasteurella inultocida. Undoubtedly improved managemental practices and regular vaccination program has significantly contributed to lowering the incidence of the disease in our country, however, the pattern of the diseases has under gone changes and contrary to the past, presently the outbreaks are mostly experienced in young animals, especially, calves. The latter are invariably left unvaccinated thinking that they are safe by virtue of their passive immunity.
The present project was designed to have an idea regarding the actual period for which maternally derived antibodies were able to afford protection against any possible attack of the infection. The study was conducted on fifty pregnant, randomly selected buffaloes, maintained at livestock production and research institute Bahadarnagar Okara (LPRI).
The serum samples of the vaccinated mothers were collected a month before parturition. The serum samples of the calves were collected once before taking colostrum then at the interval of two weeks for the first four weeks. All subsequent sampling was done at an interval of four weeks. The processing of the samples for antibody titre was carried out through ELISA and haemagglutination tests.
The indirect haemgglutination and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay tests showed that the titres of maternally derived antibodies, received by taking colostrum, attained a peak during the first two weeks and gradually decreased in the following two weeks i,e up to the age of one month. At the age of 8 weeks calves were found with 0 titres.
Aanalysis of IHA revealed that the IHA titres of calves rose from 1.932 GMT to 6.824 GMT from birth to 2 weeks of age and gradually faded to 6.714 GMT after four weeks of age. calves were found with 0 titres at the age of 8 weeks.
The analysis of ELISA titres showed highest antibody titre (36.225 GMT) was in calf on 2nd week and then declined (32.633 BMT) gradually upto 4th week. At the age of 8th week calves were found with titres (4.366 GMT) almost negligible.
Buffalo dams (407.) were found with low titres when examined for their antibody level 30+10 days before parturition, despite the fact that they received vaccination according to the normal schedule of the farm.
Results of the study indicated that there was great need for improvement of vaccine and vaccine schedule i,e animals should be immunized thrice a year. Pregnant dams should be vaccinated late in gestation period so as to raise their antibody levels against the disease, ensuring a sound passive immunity of their off springs. Calves should also be regularly tested for their maternal antibodies and should be immediately vaccinated if passive protection is over. The funding of the present study necessitate the vaccination of calves at 2 months of their age.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0184,T] (1).
8.
A Comparative Study Regarding The Immunogenicity Engendered By Three Strains Of Newcastle Disease Vaccine
by Abdus Sattar | Muhammed Akram Muneer | M.Ajmal | T.M.Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1983Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0196,T] (1).
9.
Effect Of Storage Temperature On Pathogenicity On Hydropericardium Syndrome Virus In Chickens
by Arshad Dar, M | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Muhammed | Muhammed Naeem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Present study was designed to work out effect of different storage temperatures, and storage periods on pathogenicity of UPS virus. Observations on demonstration of inmiunosuppresive effect of UPS virus and its antigenic relationship with viruses producing similar type of problems in meat type chickens, were also made. Results of this study have shown no significant difference in virulence upto six weeks of storage at the given temperatures. Disease induction was done in relatively younger birds. Histopathological study of different organs from morbid birds showed changes similar to those reported by other workers.
Immunosuppressive effect of HPSV was demonstrable by low titers of antibodies against NDV and UPS. Indirect haemagglutination test with sensitized human "0" positive erythrocytes for detection of antibodies against HPSV worked effectively. The test is expected to become more sensitive with use of more purified antigen. Sheep RBCs sensitized without use of chromium chloride did not work in IHA test. Slight antIgenic similarity between HPSV and IBD virus iàs demonstrable in Agar gel diffusion test.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0210,T] (1).
10.
Comparative Efficacy Of Haemagglutination Inhibition Test And Enzymne Linked Immunosorbent Assay In Detection Of Antibody Response To Newcastle Disease Virus
by Shafiq Ahmad Noori | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Ehtisham | Muhammed Naeem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to observe the effects of various temperatures on the immune system, growth rate and various lymphoid organs of chickens.
Five hundred day-old chicks were reared upto six weeks of -age under various temperature ranges. These birds were randomly divided into 5 groups (each consisting of 100 chicks), A, B, C, D and E. Birds in group A were kept at 25°C and given NDV vaccine, birds in group B were kept at 37°C and administered NDV vaccine, birds in group C were housed at 42°C and inoculated with NDV vaccine, birds in group D were kept at ambient temperature and given NDV vaccine and those in group E were kept at 37°C and not vaccinated with NDV.
Blood samples from all the birds were collected on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42. Live body weights of the birds were recorded on days 1, 21, 28, 35 and 42. At the termination of the study all the surviving birds were sacrificed to study the various lymphoid organs such as thymus, bursa of Fabricius, spleen and liver.
Heat stress at higher temperature enhanced the immune response of the chicken vaccinated against NDV as compared to the birds kept at lower temperature and non-vaccinated birds. The heat stress at various temperatures did not significantly affect:, the bursal and body weight gain, however, heat stress significantly affected the liver, splenic and thymic weight gain.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0216,T] (1).
11.
Sero-Epidemiology Of Brucelosis In Sheep And Goats At Livestock Production Research Institute (Bahadarnagar Farm)
by Shaukat Yab Khan | MUhammed Akram Muneer | Sheikh Muhammed Amin | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0218,T] (1).
12.
Role Of Maternal Antibodies In Protection Against Infectious Bursal Disease (Ibd) In Commercial Broilers
by Zaheer Ahmad | Muhammed Akram Muneer | s. Ata-ur-Rehman Rizvi | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: In this study, the decay rate of maternal antibodies to infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) protective efficacy of maternal antibodies to experimental IBDV challenge and the protective efficacy of a live IBD virus vaccine (Bursine 11) to I8DV experimental challenge were studied. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent 1ssay (ELISP) was standardized and performed to analyze the serum samples.
The level of maternal antibodies to (IBDV) was found to be positive till the fourth week of age. The line of best fit to this decay rate within the study period was found to be Y=0.43-O.O53 (week) and has the coefficient of determi- nation 0.904. The positive level of maternal antibodies after second week of age were found insufficient to protect broiler chicks against the IBDV challenge. Maximum mortality (207.) was observed after experimental IBDV challenge at 35 days of age in broiler chicks. This suggested that the offsprings need to be vaccinated with the live IBD virus vaccine before that age.
The maternal antibodies were demonstrated to interfere with the live vaccination.
vaccination. Live virus at 14 days of age were found to be protective and a booster with the same vaccine in the fifth week of age prevented the chicks from infection.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0250,T] (1).
13.
Studies On Anaerobic Ruminal Bacterial In Nili-Ravi Buffaloes
by Sajjad Hussain, S | S.Ata-Ur-Rehman Rizvi | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Rashid Ahmed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: 1000 samples of ruminal fluid, 500 from each of the two experimental Nili-Ravi buffaloes, kept in Nutrition Section of College of Veterinary Science Lahore were examined for ruminal flora. One quarter of sample 1rom each animal were used for the isolation of proteolytic, amylolytic and lypolytic bacteria.
From these samples 617 species of bacteria were Isolated and identified on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristic. Number of species of different bacteria isolated were Streotococcus bovis 229 (109 from tiuffalne A and 120 from buffaloe B.), Selenomonas ruminantium 16 (9frorn buffaloe A and 7 from buffaloe B), Bacterolde amylophilus 83 (28 from buffaloe A and 55 from buffaloe B); Bacteroides ruminicola 79 (36 from buffaloe A and 43 from buffaloe B), Anaerovibrio lvoolvtica 47 (19 from buffaloe A and 28 from buffaloe B), Bacteroides succiriopenes 59 (31 from buffaloe A and 28 from. buffaloe B), Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens 40 (25 front buffaloe from A and 15 from buffaloe B), and Ruminncoccus fjvifacieris 64 (26 from buffaloe A and 38 from buffaloe B).
It was observed that both the experimental buffaloes, maintained on the same diet, had a similar type of bacterial flora, the differences being in number only.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0252,T] (1).
14.
Studies On Isolation, Identification And Pathogenicity Of Bacteria Isolated From The Respiratory Tract Of Cattle And Buffaloes At Lahore Abattoir
by Yousaf, M | Muhammed akram Muneer | Ata-Ur- Rizvi | Imtiaz Hussain Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: total of 1200 samples consisting of 300 nasal, 300 tracheal, 300 bronchial swabs and 300 pieces of lung tissue from 150 randomly selected cows and buffaloes (75 from each species) were collected from abattoir of Lahore Corporation. Of the total samples 702 isolates were isolated and identified on the basis of their morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics. The isolates included Pdsteurellp multocida 89 strains, (45 strains from buffaloes and 44 strains from cows), Pasteurella haemolvtica 98 strains (59 from buffaloes and 39 strains from cows), Corynebacterium ovocenes 76 strains (54 strains from buffaloes and 22 strains from cows), Escherichia coli 146 strains (80 strains from buffaloes and 66 strains from cow), Staphylococcus epidermidis 152 strains (75 strains from buffaloes and 77 strains from cows), Bacillus subtilit 135 strains (67 strains from buffaloes and 68 strains from cows), and Mycobacterium bovis 6 strains (2 strains from buffaloes and j strains from cattle).
The isolation percentage of Pasteurella. multocida was 19.66% in buff aloes and 13% in cattle, 15% Pasteurella haemolytica was present in buffaloes and 14.66% Pasteurella haemolvtica in cows. 18% and 7.33% Corvnebacterium pyogenes could be isolated from buffaloes arid cattle respectively. 26.66% and 22% Escherictiia coli was isolated from buffaloes and cattle respectively. From buffaloes and cows 25 and 25.66% of Staohvlococcus epidermidis was isolated respectively. Bacillus subtilis was 22.33% and 22.66% in buffaloes and cows respectively 2.66% and 5.33% Mvcobacterium bovis was isolated from buffaloes and cattle respectively.
There was small difference in the number of isolates from buffaloes and cattle. Pasteurella haemolytica, Staphyloicoccus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis proved to be nonpathogenic while Pagsteurella multocida, Corynebacterium pyogenes ai.d Escherichia coli caused l00, 50 and 59 percent mortality on experimental inoculation. Mycobacterum bovis was non pathogenic for mice. However upon intraperitoneal inoculation in rabbit it caused 57% mortality.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0253,T] (1).
15.
Immunomodulatory Effects Of Coccidiostats In Broiler Chicks
by Fraaz Mahmood | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Manzoor | Muhammed Naeem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: This study indicated that Amprolium and Clopidol (Coyden 25) when used at recommended dosage levels (6.25 gm of pure drug/50 kg of feed & 25 gin of premix/50 kg of feed respectively) did not interfere with the body weight gain of birds; did not have adverse effects on weights of lymphoid organs such as bursa of Fabricius, spleen, thymus, liver; did not interfere with the development of serum antibody in vaccinated or vaccinated and challenged birds; their medication in feed had beneficial effects on serum antibody development; did not result in higher post-challenge mortality of vaccinated birds as compared to the non-medicated vaccinated control birds. The injection to baby chicks on first 4 consecutive post-hatching days with a known immunosuppressive agent (Cyclophosphamide) resulted in lower body weights, destruction of the bursa of Fabricius, poor antibody response of birds to vaccination against NDV, and very high post-challenge mortality, upon challenge with a virulent strain of NDV.
The weight gain studies indicated that vaccinated and non-vaccinated birds on Amprolium and Clopidol medicated feeds had non-significantly higher body wegh ts that those on non-mothcateii ration at 42 days of age. Oopiclo) (Coyden 25), at recommended dosage level, had more beneficial effects on the body weights than the Amprolium. These studies further indicated that vaccinated birds kept on Clopidol medicated feed had significantly higher serum antibody titres on day 42 than the vaccinated non-medicated control birds. The serum antibody titres of vaccinated birds on Clopidol medicated feed were significantly higher than those fed Amprolium at recommended dosage levels. From the results of this study it is concluded that Clopidol and Amprolium are not immunosuppressive drugs when used at recommended dosage levels. They rather have beneficial effects on growth 1)erforr1arIce and immune response of birds. However, there is a need for further investigations.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0256,T] (1).
16.
Sero-Epidemiology Of Leptospirosis In Buffaloes In Sargodha Division
by Muzaffar Ahmad, Gondal | Ata-Ur-Rehman Rizvi | Muhammed | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: Leptospirosis is an infectious disease of domestic animals and man. In dairy animals leptospiral infection may produce reproductive disorders, abortion, repeat breeding, mastitis and infertility. Etiological agent has more than 180 distinct pathogenic serovars which can be classified into 18 serogroups.
On the basis of serological evidence of leptospirosis, a study was carried out to find the incidence, magnitude and serological distribution of leptospira interrogans in Sargodha division. Out of 713 total serum samples, 301, 157, 147 and 108 were collected from Sargodha, Khushab, Bhakkar and Mianwali districts respectively. These serum samples were of aborted, mastitis infected, healthy pregnant and non pregnant, sterile, repeat breeding and male (service, plough and traction) buffaloes. All the samples were subjected to Rapid Macroscopic Agglutination Test (RMAT). This test was performed both for initial screening and for the identification of leptospiral serovars of positive animals against eleven antigens used.
So it is necessary to control the veneral disease in dairy animals as the evidence suggests that the disease may cause great economic losses to the livestock.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0257,T] (1).
17.
Studies On The Bacterial Etiology Of Metritis In Buffaloes And Cows And In-Vitro-Antibioitic Sensitivity Of The Isolates
by Idrees Ali Zahid | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Muhammed Naeem | Tufail | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Literary form:
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Publisher: 1983Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0259,T] (1).
18.
Sero-Epidemiology Of Rinderpest & Bovine Viral Diarrhea (Mucosal Disease) In Sheep And Goats
by Amjad Hassain | Muhammed Amin Sheikh | Manzoor | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence of rinderpest and bovine viral diarrhea virus antibodies in the sera of sheep and goats. For this purpose, 1000 serum samples were randomly collected from four different sources. The samples were distributed uniformly from each species i,e.. sheep and goats from all the four sources. Agar gel-immunodiffusion (PGID) test was employed for the investigations.
The results of the study revealed that overall 4.2% sheep sera were having rinderpest viurs antibodies while 1.6% sheep sera were possessing antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus. Goat sera tested demonstrated that 2.4% were having rinderpest virus antibodies whereas only 1.0% were possessing antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus. It is observed that there is higher prevalence rate of rinderpest virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus antibodies in sheep as compared to goats.
The findings of this project revealed a moderate exposure, of sheep and goat population surveyed, to the pathogens of both the diseases. However further research is suggested for realistic determination of the role of sheep and goats in epidemiology of these menaces and the resultant revival of the control measures..
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0285,T] (1).
19.
Study Of Dahi Microflora
by Khalid Naeem | Ata-Ur-Rehman Rizvi | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Tufail | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1982Dissertation note: One hundred and fifty three dahi samples, from Lahore Milk Plant (51) from various homes (51), and from the Lahore city market (51), were subjected to physical and bacteriological examination.
The physiological analysis revealed that only 24% of Lahore milk plant dahi samples were of popular solid-uniform texture; however, 58% were having good aroma and desirable taste; 64% samples from home made dahi were also of good texture typical /acidic aroma sweet/mildly sour in taste. From market 65% were of firm texture, desirable flavour rind sweet/mildly sour in taste. The remaining samples were of poor quality viz, of watery tecture, sour or bitter in taste and alcoholic or yeasty in aroma. Total bacterial count was ranging tram 2 x 107- 1 x109 organisms per ml from Lahore Milk plant dahi, 2.5 x 107 -9.8 x 108 organisms per ml in home made dahi and 1.1x106-9.5x107 organisms per ml from market made dahi.
The fat percentage aid pH values were 3.8 - 3.9% and 3.5 - 5.9 from Lahore Milk Plant dahi, 3.2 to 4.4% and 3.4 to 6.0 from home-made dahi and 2.5-4.3% snd 3.4-4.9 in market-made dahi, respectively.
The number of samples showing various a types of organisms from Lahore Milk Plant made dahi are given below:
Sterptococcus lactis (48 samples), Streptoccus thermophilus (47 samples), Lactobacillus acidophilus (45 samples), Lactobacillus bulgarious (35 samples), Leuconostoc citrovorum (10 samples) Escherichis coli (5 samples) Bacillus cereus (2 samples), Entrobacter aerogenes (2 samples), yeasts (2 samples) and moulds (1 samples)
The number of samples showing different types of organisms from home made and market made dahi are detailed below:
Streptococcus lactis (45 and 43 samples), Streptococcus thermophilus (45 and 30 samples), Streptococcus faecalis (7 & 12 samles), Staphylococcus suresu (2 and 5 samples), Lactobacillus acidophilus (35 & 25 samples), Lactobacillus casei (1&4 samples), Lactobacillus bulgaricus (40 & 48 samples) Leuconostoc citrovorum (12 and 15 samples), Escherichia coli (10 and samples), Enterobacter aerogenes (8 & 18 samples), Bacillus cereus (5 and 12 samples), yeasts (6&7 samples) and moulds (2&3 samples) respectively.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0289,T] (1).
20.
Effects Of Coccidiosis On Immune Response Of Broiler Chickens
by Farhat Nazir Awan | muhammed Naeem | Muhammed | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: This study indicates that Eimeria tenella and Eimeria necatrix infection (50,000 sporulated oocysts\bird) interfere with the body weight gain of birds, have adverse effects on weights of lymphoid organs such as bursa of fabricius, spleen, thymus and liver, interfere with the development of serum antibody in vaccinated birds only, when the vaccination is done in the presence of organisms, does not interfere with the development of serum antibody in vaccinated challenged birds, results in high post cha1leige mortality of vaccinated birds as compared to the vaccinated control and vaccinated coccidiosis treated birds. The injection to baby chicks on 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th day post hatching with Cyclophosphamide resulted in lower body weight, destruction of the bursa of fabricius, poor antibody response of birds to vaccination against NDV and very high post challenge mortality upon challenge with a virulent strain of NDV.
The weight gain studies inctkated that vaccinated and non- vaccinated coccidial infested birds and coccidiosis treated birds had significantly lower body weight than those of control\coccidiosis free birds at 50 days of age. Coccidial infection had adverse effects on the body weight gain. The study further indicated that vaccinated coccidial infested birds had significantly lower serum antibody titers on day 50 than the vaccinated control and vaccinated coccidiosis treated birds. The serum level of vaccinated coccidiosis treated birds and vaccinated control bird were on same level at day 50.
From the results of this study it is concluded that coccidia are immunosuppressive agent but they suppress the growth performances and immune response of bird temporarily. However, when the birds recover from the infection, they attain their normal immune status.
SUMMARY
The birds that received oocysts of Eimeria tenella and Eimeria necatrix (50,000 sporulated oocysts\bird) and were not treated throughout the experimental period had lower weight gains than the coccidiosis treated cyclophosphamide treated and coccidiosis free\control birds.
Coccidial infection adversely affected the weight of thyrnus, liver whereas bursa of fabricius and spleen had slight depression in their weight. Cyclophosphamide treatment of birds in early life resulted in bursal atrophy and slight depression of splenic weight.
As compared to control and coccicliosis treated birds, the sera of NDV vaccinated coccidial infested birds had lower antibody titers on day 50. The post challenge sera of NDV vaccinated coccidial infected birds had higher antibody titers as compared to NDV vaccinated cyclophosphamide treated birds. The NDV vaccinated coccidial infested and NDV vaccinated cyclophosphamide treated birds had significant post virulent NDV challenge mortality, whereas the vaccinated control and vaccinated coccidiosis treated birds did not have any mortality following NDV challange.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0302,T] (1).
21.
Immunogenic Studies On Temperature Resistant V4 Strain Of Newcastle Disease Virus
by Sakhawat Hussain, Shah | Sheikh Muhammed Amin | Manzoor | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: This experiment was conducted to study the immunogenic response of '14 strain of NOV which was administered through different routes normaly practiced in Pakistan (eyedrop, drinking water, subcut and intramuscular)
Birds in group A were vaccinated intraocularly on 7th day of age and then on 21st day of age they were again vaccinated subcutaneously with '14 strain of NOV . The GMT titer on 12nd day of their. age was 169 and they showed 757. survival when challenged with VVNDV.
Group B was administered V4 strain of NDV in drinking water twice on 7th day of age and on 21st day of age. Their GMT HI titre on 42nd day was 104 .They showed 70%. protection percentage when challenged with virulent virus.
Chicks of group C were vaccinated introcularly with V4 strain on 7th day of their age and intramuscularly on 21st day of their age with V4. Their sera when analysed on 42nd day of age indicated GMT HI titre of 181. They showed highest protection 807. when , Challenged with virulent virus.
Group 0 was vaccinated intraocularlywith Mukteswar strain of MDV on 7th day again substaneously on 2lth day . Their GMT H.I titre was 194 on 42nd day of age.
Challenged with VVNDV protected 85% birds.
This study indicates that V4 strain of NOV induces higher H I titer and protection percentage when administered 1/rn than S/C and drinking water routes. However Mukteswar strain gives more HI titer and protection than V4 strain through S/C route.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0307,T] (1).
22.
Serological Sruvey Of Brucellosis And Leptospirosis In Camels
by Anwar ul Haq | Muhammed Naeem | Muhammed | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
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; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present study was carried out to determine the incidence of brucellosis and leptospirosis in camels. Five hundred serum samples of camels awaiting slaughter at Lahore abattoir were tested in laboratory by slide agglutination and standard tube agglutination tests. The slide agglutination test recorded a relatively higher prevalence of the disease than the standard tube agglutination test.
Four leptospira serovars were used as antigen and positive results were obtained with L. pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae and L. australis. The serum samples having a leptospiral antibody titre of > 100 were considered as positive.
The over-all prevalence of brucellosis in camel population was 4.2% by slide agglutination test and 3.6% by standard tube agglutination test. The overall incidence of brucellosis in male camels was found to be 3.4% and the female camels demonstrated a prevalence of 4.5%.
The sera with standard tube agglutination titre of 1.40 and above were considered positive while those heaving a titre of 1:20 were located as doubtful.
The overall prevalence of leptospirosis was 3.4% while it was 2.72% in male camples and 3.4% in female camples.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0326,T] (1).
23.
Immunomodulatory Effects Of Vitamins On Stressed Broiler Chickens
by Isma Nazli Bashir | Muhammed Akram Muneer | Muhammed | Muhammed Amin Sheikh | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The birds which received vitamin C (300 mg/kg of feed) had higher mean body weight than the birds which received vitamins B2, B6, 1312, cyclophosphamide and ration without vitamins.
Vitamins B2, B6, B12 and C treatments did not affect the bursa of Fabricius, spleen, thymus or liver weights. Treatment of birds with cyclophosphamide in early life resulted in bursal atrophy and depression of splenic weights.
Compared to Cyclophosphamide treated and ration without vitamins offered bird, the sera of NDV vaccinated birds kept on vitamins B2, B6, B12 and C had higher antibody titres on day 42. Amongst various treatment groups the highest haemagglutination-inhibition titre was recorded in Vitamin C treated birds. The post-challenge sera from NDV vaccinated birds [Group 1(vitmin B2 treated), II(vitamin B6 treated), III(vitamin B12 treated) & IV(vitamin C treated)] had higher antibody titre as compared to group V(cyclophosphamide injected) and VII(offered ration containing vitamins).
The NDV vaccinated birds of groups Ib(vitaniin B2 treated), llb(vitamin &B6 treated), IIIb(vitamin B12 treated), IVb(vitamin C treated), VIb(offered ration containing vitamins) and VIIb(offered ration without vitamins) did not have any significant post virulent NDV challenge mortality. However, hundred per cent mortality in the birds of subgroups Ia(vitamin B2 treated), IIa(vitamin B6 treated),
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