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1. Effect Of Multienzyme Supplementation And Acidification Of Diets On Nutrients Digestibility And Growth Performance Of Broiler

by Abdur Rahman | Dr. Saima | Prof. Dr | Prof. Dr. Talat Naseer Pasha.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: drama Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: Major portion of the poultry feed is composed of cereals and vegetable proteins, which cannot be fully digested and utilized by poultry due to lack of endogenous enzymes. However, it can be increased by use of exogenous enzymes. The major cost in the raising of poultry is feed. Utilization of most grains is influenced by the presence of indigestible complex carbohydrates, such as non-starch polysaccharides (NSP's) in poultry. It is possible to partially degrade these NSP's with selective exogenous enzymes acting on specific raw materials, e.g., in spite of having more gross energy in soybean meal than corn, its metabolizeable energy is less than that of corn because of -galactosides (raffinose and stachyose) that can not be digested in small intestine of broilers but these can be hydrolyzed by exogenous enzymes. Addition of organic acids in the feed has shown positive response in growth performance as they are bactericidal and reduce the incidence of Salmonellae in crop and carcass. Furthermore, organic acids are used in feed to get the favorable level of pH for the action of exogenous enzyme -galactosidase .Keeping in view the importance of supplementation of exogenous NSPs enzymes and organic acids, a 35 days trial was conducted in broiler chicks (n=240) by dividing them into eight groups and each group was having three replicates with 10 birds in each. Control group was fed NRC (1994) recommended diet (Diet A). Diet B was formulated with low metabolizeable energy (2630 Kcal/Kg). Diets C, D was formulated by adding two different levels( 0.25 gm/Kg feed and 0.5 gm/Kg feed) of NSP digesting multiezyme "Zympex" in diet B and diets E, F with different levels (0.5% and 1.5%) of citric acid in Diet B. While diets G, H was formulated by adding above mentioned different level of enzyme and citric acid in Diet B. The weekly weight gain results showed that broilers of basal diet attained maximum weight gain which was followed by low energy diet having 500g/ton zympex, low energy diet having 500g/ton zympex plus 1.5% citric acid, low energy diet having 250g/ton zympex plus 0.5% citric acid, low energy diet with 250gm/ton zympex, low energy diet, low energy diet having 250gm/ton zympex plus 0.5% citric acid and low energy diet having 500gm/ton zympex plus 1.5% citric acid respectively. The differences of average weights of various groups when compared statistically with group A, revealed that the weights of group B, C, E, F, G and H were significantly different (p<0.05) whereas, the differences of group A and D were found non significant. While comparison of various groups with B revealed that the weight of group A, D, G and H are significantly different with B, but groups C, E and F are non significant with B. Groups B and C, C and G, B E and F, A and D, G and H are non significant among each other . On comparison of various groups with group D it was found that weights of group B, C, E, F, G and H were significantly different (p<0.05). It is evident from the above results that there is increase in weight of broilers of group D, showing non significant difference from control group A, supplemented with enzyme complex. The results showed that maximum feed consumption was by group B followed by group C, A, D, G, E, H and F. The data of feed consumption when put to analysis of variance showed significant difference (p<0.05) of group A, B, C, D, E and G with F and H while the feed consumption of group F and H was found insignificantly different from each other. When comparison of various groups was made with feed consumption of group A, the feed consumptions of group B, C, D, E, F, G and H were found significantly different(p<0.05). While Comparison of various groups with B showed significant difference in feed consumption with all other groups. The overall FCR of group A was found to be the best among all groups, which was followed by group D, H, G, F, C, E, and B. The analysis of variance among different experimental groups showed a significant difference (p<0.05) when groups B, C, E, F, G and H was compared with A, while D was insignificant with A. While comparing B with all groups showed significant difference with all groups. Group D and H are non significant with each other which indicate that FCR is better in D followed by H among treatment groups which is very near to control group A, showing activity of enzyme complex and acid. The results show the values of glucose level at different time intervals, before feeding the glucose level in groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H showed significant results. When the data of glucose was subjected to ANOVA it revealed that group C, D, E, F, G and H were significantly different with A. Group C, D, G and H showed significant difference with B. Group B, E and F were non significant among each other. Group A showed significant different with all groups. The data obtained 1 hour after feeding when subjected to analysis of variance when compared with group A showed that groups B, D, E, F, G and H were significantly different with A. Group A, C, D, F, G and H showed significant difference with B. Group H was significantly higher among all. Data recorded after 2 hour when subjected to ANOVA revealed significant difference of group C, D, G and H with group A and B. Groups A, B, E and F are insignificant among each other. While group is significantly different with all groups. Values of data collected after 3 hours of feeding when subjected to analysis of variance showed significant difference of groups B, C, D, E, G and H with A. Groups A, C, D, G and H were significantly different with B. Group B and F were non significant among each other. Glucose level was higher in H followed by D, G, C, A, F, C and E. The data calculated for ME when subjected to ANOVA it reveals that groups E and F are significantly different with other groups and shows non significant difference among each other. Other groups A, B, C, D, G and H are showing no significant among each other. ME in groups D and G is equal to control group A which shows the action of enzyme or acid which results in more release of energy. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1440,T] (1).

2. In-Vivo Efficacy Study Of Camel Milk In Alloxan Induced Type-1 Diabetic Rabbits

by Hina Ijaz | Dr. Muhammad Nasir | Dr. Ahmad Ali | Prof. Dr. Talat Naseer Pasha.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: drama Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1473,T] (1).

3. Nutritional Characterization Of Spinach, Fenugreek And Mustard Leaves And Evaluation Of Their Glycemic Index

by Tahira Naz | Dr. Muhammad Nasir | Dr. Ali Raza | Prof. Dr. Talat Naseer Pasha.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1512,T] (1).

4. Quality Analysis Of Drinking Water Form Various Sources Of Sahiwal City

by Farrukh Ali Ashraf | Dr.Muhammad Nasir | Prof .Dr | Prof. Dr. Talat Naseer Pasha.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: drama Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1552,T] (1).



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