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Study On Molecular Diagnosis Of Canine Distemper Virus

by Muhammad Zubair Shabbir | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Prof.Dr.Khushi Muhammad | Prof.dr.Zafar | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: Samples from fourty five dogs were submitted to the University diagnostic Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore from January, 2007 to January 2008 for diagnosis of CDV infection. These dogs presented to referring veterinarians with clinical signs suspicious of CDV infection. Hematological examination (lymphocyte count) was carried out using K-EDTA anti-coagulant added whole blood and RT-PCR tests were performed using biological fluid samples that include plasma, nasal and conjunctival swabs. Only distemper positive dogs by RT-PCR were followed up for subsequent lymphocyte count and prognosis of distemper infection. All the distemper positive dogs were lymphopenic but the degree of severity was variable as the samples were collected from dogs of different ages and phase of the disease. The study revealed that lymphopenia can be used to support presumptive clinical diagnosis but required laboratory procedure for confirmation and animal regain its normal value with the passage of time subjected to recovery. During followed up, two dogs were found to be dead because of CDV infection mixed with secondary bacterial infection in which one exhibited the nervous sign like teeth grinding, ataxia, convulsions and in coordination in body movements. Only ten (22.22%) samples were found positive by RT-PCR using plasma, nasal and conjunctival swabs. CDV RNA was detected in 60% of plasma samples, 70% of nasal and 100% of conjunctival swab sample from lymphopenic dogs whereas the percentage was 13.33, 15,55, and 22.22 from a total of 45 samples. No amplicon of expected length was obtained from normal healthy dogs. On comparison of different fluid samples, the sensitivity of conjunctival swab was found to be highly significant followed by nasal swab and plasma. In conclusion, Lymphopenia is the suggestive of clinical infection of dogs with canine distemper virus ad can help in presumptive diagnosis. It is not necessary that all lymphopenic dogs are distemper posit it requires further laboratory confirmtion. In this context, RT-PCR is test of choice with samples including conjunctival swabs and plasma. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1034,T] (1).

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Electrophoretic Profile Of Cellular Proteins Of Staphylococcus Aureus From Mastitic Cattle

by Muhammad Zubair Munir | Prof.Dr.Irshad Hussain | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Prof.Dr.Zafar | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: Decline in milk production has. mostly been attributed to infectious agents that generally result in swelling of udder, changes in the constitutions of milk and finally induration of the udder which causing huge economic losses in livestock production. Mastitis is most important diseases of all the lactating animals. The most common Staphylococcus aureus which causes mastitis in cattle. Given the range of ill-effects of Staphylococcus aureus causing mammary infection in cows and buffaloes in Pakistan there is strong need for detection of strain involved. Likewise identification of clones with extensive geographic distribution wall provide insight into strain virulence and pathogenesis and also requiring public health intervention such as vaccination and antimicrobial restriction aimed at reducing the spread of the pathogen. In the present project the relatedness by elcctrophoretic profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates involved in mastitis at dairy farns were studied, to compare the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from different dairy farms. The samples from clinically/ subclinically affected at farms were collected, for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus, these samples were streaked onto Staph- 110 agar media plates and Staphylococcus aureus were be confirmed through biochemical and sugar fermentation tests. These conformed Staphylococcus aureus Isolates were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate polycrylaniide gel electrophoresis. (SDS-PAGE) for electrophorctic protein profiling. The banding pattern of various isolates as against known molecular weight markers were recorded for interpretation of results. It was concluded that protein profile is one of several methods for determining the relatedness or unrelatedness of bacterial strains. As immunization has been often attempted in efforts to control the mastitis, the diversity of Staphylococcus aureus strains and difficulties in vaccine development instruct that use of one or likely several strains in a herd or even in herds located in the same geographical region are recommended. Decision on representative strains can be made on basis of whole cell proteins, since such proteins of Staphylococcus aureus strain has already been shown, the isolates could be characterized by their total protein profiles and use of one or likely several strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are antigenically representative of the majority of the causative strains will overcome vaccine development difficulties. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1047,T] (1).

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