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1. Electrophoretic Profile Of Escherichin Coil From Calves Suffering From White Scour

by Kaleem Ullah | Prof.Dr.Irshad Hussian | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2007Dissertation note: Mortality in neonatal calves has mostly been attributed to infectious agents that generally result in diarrhea, dehydration, and death causing huge economic losses in livestock production. Colibacillosis or white scours is the most important disease of bovine calves. The most common enteropathogen which causes diarrhea in new born calves is the Escherichia coli. Given the range of ill- effects of Escherichia coli causing diarrhea in new born calves in Pakistan there is strong need for detection of strain involved. In the present project the relatedness by electrophoretic profile of Escherichia coil isolates involved in white scour at a dairy farm were studied, to compare the isolates of Escherichia coli from different dairy farms. The 25 samples from clinically affected calves at farms were collected, for isolation of Escherichia coil these samples were streaked onto MacConkey Agar media plates and Escherichia coil were confirmed through biochemical (IMViC) and sugar fermentation tests. These confirmed Escherichia coli isolates were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylarnide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for electrophoretic protein profiling. The banding pattern various isolates as against known molecular weight markers were recorded for interpretation of results. SDS-PAGE of whole cell protein extracts of E. coil strains produced patterns containing about 25 discrete bands with molecular weights of 16000 to 250000 Da. The whole cell protein patterns of E. coil isolates were fairly homogenous with some Veraibility primarily localized in the low molecular weight region estimated molecular weight. 20000 to 60000 Da. The most common peptide bands were band no. 13, 14, 15. 16, 17 and 1 8. detected almost in all strains isolated. In order to estimate relationship among E coli isolates a genetic distance was constructed with similarity matrix using Bio-Rad (Quantity one) software. A complete linkage dandrogram was constructed by Dice coefficient analysis using Quantity One Software. The dandrogram divided the isolates into four clusters based on the whole cell protein profile. The first group contained isolates 2. 4. 6, 7, 3, 5, 13 and 8 that shared 52 percent similarity. The second cluster included isolate numbered 12, 18, 9, 16 and 17 at 60 % similarity. The third cluster included isolate numbered 19, 20 and 15 with 57 percent similar band pattern. The fourth cluster included isolates 10 and 14 that shared 59% similarity. It was concluded that protein profile is one of the useful methods for determining the relatedness or unrelated ness of bacterial strains. As immunization has been often attempted in efforts to control the calves' diarrhea, the diversity of E. coil strains and difficulties in vaccine development instruct that use of one or likely several strains of E.coli that are antigenicallv representative of the majority of the causative strains in a herd or even in herds located in the same geographical region are recommended. Decision on representative strains can be made on basis of whole cell proteins, the isolates could be characterized by their total protein profiles and use of one or likely several strains of E. coli that arc antigenically representative of the majority of the causative strains will overcome vaccine development difficulties. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0979,T] (1).

2. Sero-Prevalence Of Brucellosis In Buffaloes And Cattle Of Swat Valley And Government Livestock Farms,Nwfp

by Azhar Khan | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Prof.Dr.Azhar | Prof.Dr.Khushi Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: Brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease that is associated with chronic debilitating infections in humans and reproductive failure in domestic animals (Corbell, 1997). The sero-prevalence of brucellosis in buffaloes and cattle were undertaken by collecting samples from animals brought to various slaughterhouses and Private and Govt. farms in Swat valley and Peshawar division by screening through i-LLISA, MRT and RBPT. Out of 850 samples, 600 sera, 200 milk samples were collected along with 50 samples of slaughterhouse worker, butcher and veterinarian for this study. All the serum samples tested through RBPT and I-ELISA showed the overall prevalence 3.67% and 4.33% in the cattle and buffaloes population respectively while the combined prevalence in the cattle, buffaloes and human population through RBPT was 3.38 % and through i-ELISA was 4%. The high rate of brucellosis was recorded through RBPT and i-ELISA in buffaloes ( 4.75%,5.5%) while 0.0% prevalence in male buffaloes through RBPT and iELISA, where as in female buffaloes it was 4.85% through RBPT and through i-ELISA was 5.626%. The comparatively low rate (1.5%) of brucellosis was noted in cattle through the RBPT and 2% through i-ELISA while in female cattle it was 1.587% through the RBPT and through i-ELISA 2.12% with 0.0% in males. Among the serum samples (30) of buffalo and cattle having reproductive disorder were tested through the same tests which showed overall prevalence 16.6%. The prevalence at Cattle Breeding and Dairy farm 1-larichand and Livestock Research and Development Farm (Surrezai was 0.0% through Milk Ring Test and i-ELISA. Also cattle milk samples (110) from private farms in swat valley showed prevalence through Milk Ring Test 0.9% and through i-ELISA prevalence was noted to be 1 .82%. As 50 human serum samples were tested through RBPT and i-ELISA but none of these samples were positive showed that the prevalence of brucellosis in human being is very low, The comparison of RBPT, MRT and i-ELISA (milk and serum) was also analyzed statistically by z-test, the data revealed insignificant results. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1012,T] (1).

3. Study On Molecular Diagnosis Of Canine Distemper Virus

by Muhammad Zubair Shabbir | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Prof.Dr.Khushi Muhammad | Prof.dr.Zafar | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: Samples from fourty five dogs were submitted to the University diagnostic Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore from January, 2007 to January 2008 for diagnosis of CDV infection. These dogs presented to referring veterinarians with clinical signs suspicious of CDV infection. Hematological examination (lymphocyte count) was carried out using K-EDTA anti-coagulant added whole blood and RT-PCR tests were performed using biological fluid samples that include plasma, nasal and conjunctival swabs. Only distemper positive dogs by RT-PCR were followed up for subsequent lymphocyte count and prognosis of distemper infection. All the distemper positive dogs were lymphopenic but the degree of severity was variable as the samples were collected from dogs of different ages and phase of the disease. The study revealed that lymphopenia can be used to support presumptive clinical diagnosis but required laboratory procedure for confirmation and animal regain its normal value with the passage of time subjected to recovery. During followed up, two dogs were found to be dead because of CDV infection mixed with secondary bacterial infection in which one exhibited the nervous sign like teeth grinding, ataxia, convulsions and in coordination in body movements. Only ten (22.22%) samples were found positive by RT-PCR using plasma, nasal and conjunctival swabs. CDV RNA was detected in 60% of plasma samples, 70% of nasal and 100% of conjunctival swab sample from lymphopenic dogs whereas the percentage was 13.33, 15,55, and 22.22 from a total of 45 samples. No amplicon of expected length was obtained from normal healthy dogs. On comparison of different fluid samples, the sensitivity of conjunctival swab was found to be highly significant followed by nasal swab and plasma. In conclusion, Lymphopenia is the suggestive of clinical infection of dogs with canine distemper virus ad can help in presumptive diagnosis. It is not necessary that all lymphopenic dogs are distemper posit it requires further laboratory confirmtion. In this context, RT-PCR is test of choice with samples including conjunctival swabs and plasma. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1034,T] (1).

4. Electrophoretic Profile Of Cellular Proteins Of Staphylococcus Aureus From Mastitic Cattle

by Muhammad Zubair Munir | Prof.Dr.Irshad Hussain | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Prof.Dr.Zafar | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: Decline in milk production has. mostly been attributed to infectious agents that generally result in swelling of udder, changes in the constitutions of milk and finally induration of the udder which causing huge economic losses in livestock production. Mastitis is most important diseases of all the lactating animals. The most common Staphylococcus aureus which causes mastitis in cattle. Given the range of ill-effects of Staphylococcus aureus causing mammary infection in cows and buffaloes in Pakistan there is strong need for detection of strain involved. Likewise identification of clones with extensive geographic distribution wall provide insight into strain virulence and pathogenesis and also requiring public health intervention such as vaccination and antimicrobial restriction aimed at reducing the spread of the pathogen. In the present project the relatedness by elcctrophoretic profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates involved in mastitis at dairy farns were studied, to compare the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from different dairy farms. The samples from clinically/ subclinically affected at farms were collected, for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus, these samples were streaked onto Staph- 110 agar media plates and Staphylococcus aureus were be confirmed through biochemical and sugar fermentation tests. These conformed Staphylococcus aureus Isolates were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate polycrylaniide gel electrophoresis. (SDS-PAGE) for electrophorctic protein profiling. The banding pattern of various isolates as against known molecular weight markers were recorded for interpretation of results. It was concluded that protein profile is one of several methods for determining the relatedness or unrelatedness of bacterial strains. As immunization has been often attempted in efforts to control the mastitis, the diversity of Staphylococcus aureus strains and difficulties in vaccine development instruct that use of one or likely several strains in a herd or even in herds located in the same geographical region are recommended. Decision on representative strains can be made on basis of whole cell proteins, since such proteins of Staphylococcus aureus strain has already been shown, the isolates could be characterized by their total protein profiles and use of one or likely several strains of Staphylococcus aureus that are antigenically representative of the majority of the causative strains will overcome vaccine development difficulties. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1047,T] (1).

5. Isolation And Molecular Characterization Of Antimicrobial Resistant E-Coli Isolation From Retail Meats

by Ali Ahmed | Prof.Dr.Khushi Muhammad | Dr.Mueen Aslam | Prof.Dr.Masood.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Nature of contents: biography; Literary form: Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1252,T] (1).

6. Comparative Efficacy Of Rocombinant Avian Influenza H9N2 Vectored Vaccine In Poultry

by Nadia Mukhtar | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Dr.Tahir Yaqub | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Younas.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: A correlative study testing the impact of different urban congestions in Lahore upon the bird abundance and diversity was conducted in the monsoon and winter season. A platform of 6 feet diameter and 4 feet height, with a variety of seeds, was offered to attract the grainivorous birds. The number and variety of birds visiting the feeding station was noted, from Dawn to dusk after a period of 6 day installation, which depicted the bird's urbanization in the area. A significant increase in the abundance of birds was observed in the winter season. Areas with large sized pockets of vegetation supported the largest diversity of birds. Grain preference of the birds recorded in the different areas studied showed a relationship between the age long practices of feeding birds with the habituation of the birds. In order of Preference Birds of most areas preferred Pearl Millet (Bajra) seeds, and Rice Seeds, over others. The next choice of food was shown to be Italian Millet and Red Italian Millet, when the amount of these decreased birds started feeding on, Sunflower, then Safflower, and Wheat. Mustard, corn and Chick peas remained feed of least preference. A weak correlation was found between urban population congestion and the number of pigeons, doves, babblers, house sparrows and silver bills. These birds are considered to be urbanized. As shown in the Tables the results suggest that more grainivorous species and invasive species such as House Sparrows are present in the central parts of the city. The outskirts of Lahore, the sub urban areas enjoy a large diversity of avifauna. This finding is supported by Mathew and Naik (1993). Areas where a considerable amount of vegetation is present, such as parks, gardens or big lawns with a lot of vegetation provide a good habitat can be considered as "Pockets of Wilderness" These areas, provide food and habitat for a variety of bird species. Although an exponential increase in urban congestion of cities and a need for further development does not allow room for large areas supporting natural vegetation. However, a plan has to be developed which would ensure a set amount of area for vegetation, to support a healthy diversity of bird species. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1265,T] (1).

7. Comparative Evaluation Of Various Canine Parvovirus Vaccine In Dogs

by Muhammad Usman Asghar | Dr.Aftab Ahmad Anjum | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Prof.Dr.Muham.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1269,T] (1).

8. Dynamics Of Recombinant Avian Influenza Virus H9-Ha Gene Herpesvirus Of Turkey Vector Vaccine In Chicken

by Shumaila Rani | Prof.Dr.Masood Rabbani | Dr.Tahir Yaqub | Prof.Dr.Masroor Elahi Babar.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: Avian influenza (AI) is known to exist for centuries. It's primarily a disease of birds. For prevention and control of H9N2 avian influenza disease, HA gene from Pakistani H9N2 field virus isolate (PK-UDL/01/08 H9N2) cloned into a herpesvirus of turkey (rHVT/AI-H9 having full HA) at Institute for Animal Health, Compton, UK, expressing HA proteins, was given subcutaneously (in the neck). Commercial avian influenza vaccine was given to chicken through intramuscular route. On termination of the experiment, the chicks from all groups were sacrificed and their visceral organs were collected on chick-wise basis. Besides this, blood was collected for complete blood counts (CBC) and blood chemistry. Results of groups were then compared for any significant difference. The data analyses showed that in complete blood counts, there was no significant difference (p<0.05) of total leukocyte counts of different groups of chickens but heterophil percentages showed variation among different groups. Analyses of Serum chemistry results showed that glucose and protein concentration in serum varies significantly (p>0.05) among the different groups of birds. However, there was no significant difference of cholesterol levels among the groups of chickens. For determining the persistence of rHVT/AI-H9 having full HA virus in different visceral organ and in blood samples of Group A, results of the PCR showed the persistence of herpes turkey virus in leukocytes, spleen, liver, lung, kidney and heart. This project helped in evaluating dynamics of recombinant HVT containing avian influenza HA gene from avian influenza H9N2 Pakistani isolate. In future the study may be continued for further biological characterization by isolating the HVT from different visceral organ in different interval of time and fractionating the serum protein and analyzing the gamma globulin fraction in serum to measuring the humoral immune response against the recombinant vaccine. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1276,T] (1).



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