1.
Seerat-Un-Nabi Encyclopedia
by Syed Qasim Mahmood.
Edition: Vol.1Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Al-Faisal Nashran; 2014Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 297.163 Mahmood 1st 2014 30111 Islam] (2).
2.
Pakistan ka Saqafti Encyclopedia: Shumali Elaaqa Jaat
by Uxi Mufti | Syed Muhammad Ali.
Edition: 1st ed. Vol. 1Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Al Faisla Nashran; 2008Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 030 Mufti 30110 1/e.Vol/1 2008 Encyclopedia] (1).
3.
Pakistan ka Saqaafti Encyclopedia: Sindh
by Mehmood, Syed Asim | Amir Hameed.
Edition: 1st ed. Vol.5Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Alfaisal Nashraan; 2014Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 030 Mehmood 30108 1/e.Vol.5 2014 Encyclopedia] (1).
4.
Pakistan ka Saqaafti Encyclopedia: Sarhad (NWFP)
by Mufti,Uxi | Syed Muhammad Ali.
Edition: 1st ed. Vol.2ndMaterial type: Publisher: Lahore: Al-Faisal Nashraan; 2008Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 030 Mufti 30106 1/e.Vol.2 2008 Encyclopedia] (1).
5.
Farhang-e-Aasffia : Vol.1-2
by Molvi Syed Ahmed Dehlvi.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Sang e Meel: 2011Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 491.4393 Ahmed 27140 Vol.1-2 2011 Dictionaries] (1).
6.
Farhang-e-Aasffia : Vol.3-4
by Molvi Syed Ahmed Dehlvi.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Sang e Meel Publications; 2011Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 491.4393 Ahmed 27141 Vol.3-4 2011 Dictionaries] (1).
7.
Farhang Urdu-Faarsi
by Dr. Syed BaHaider Sheharyar Naqvi.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Book Talk; 1993Availability: Items available for loan: (1), UVAS Library [Call number: 491.439355 Sheharyar 13184 1/e 1993 Dictionaries] (1).
8.
History of the Punjab
by Latif, Syed Mohammad.
Material type: Publisher: Lahore : Sang e Meel Publications, 2009Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.552 Latif 27230 1st 2009 History] (2).
9.
Who's Who in Pakistan:2006
by Syed Mohammad Mahmud.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: Publisher: Karachi: South Asia Publications; 2006Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 920.095491 Mahmud 22663 1st 2006 Pakistan] (24).
10.
Tareekh-e-Punjab
by Syed Muhammad Lateef.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-Meel publications; 2000Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.914 Lateef 17460 1st 2003 History] (2).
11.
Fasana-e-Saltanat-e-Mughlia: Memories of Italian Tourist Manochi
by Syed Muzaffar Ali Khan (translator).
Edition: 1stMaterial type: Publisher: Lahore: Takhliqaat Publishers; 2006Availability: No items available Checked out (1).
12.
Movements for Nation's Awareness in Sub Continent
by Dr. Syed Asad Gillani.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: Publisher: Lahore: Feroz Sons; 1992Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954 Asad 16846 1st 1992 History] (1).
13.
Inqilab-e-Iran
by Syed Sibt-e-Hassan.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: Publisher: Karachi: Hoori Norani; 2006Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 955 Hassan 21422 1st 2006 History] (1).
14.
Tazkara-i-Rousa-e-Punjab
by Colonel Messie Griffin, Lepal H | Syed Nawazish Ali (Translator).
Material type: Publisher: Lahore: Sang-e-meel Publications; 2002Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 920.0954914 Nawazish 27232 1st,v2 2002 History] (3).
15.
Tehreek-e-Azadi-e-Hind or Musalman
by Syed Abul Aala Mododi.
Edition: 2ndMaterial type: Publisher: Lahore: Islamic Publications; 2002Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954 Mododi 17509 2nd 2002 History] (1).
16.
Humood-ur-Rehman Commission Report
by M.Ishfaq khan (Translator) Syed Fazeel Hashmi (Translator).
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Lahore: Dar-as-Shaoor; 2006Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954.91 Ishfaq 21588 1st 2006 Pak History] (2). Checked out (1).
17.
Tareekh-e-Musalmanan-e-Pakistan-o-Bharat / Vol.1
by Syed Hashmi Fareed Abadi.
Edition: Vol.1Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Karachi: Anjuman Tarraqqi-e-Urdu Pakistan; 2003Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 954 Hashmi 16861 Vol. I 2003 History] (1).
18.
Effects Of Aflatoxin In Poultry
by Ata-ur-Rehman Rizvi, Syed | Not Available | Not Available.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1988Dissertation note: A total number of 300 samples of finished commercial poultry feeds, obtained from poultry feed mills (75 samples), wholesale poultry feed dealers (70 samples) and poultry farms (155 samples) were examined for aflatoxin contamination.It was found that 126 (42%) samples, including 18 (24%) from mills, 19 (27.1%) from dealers and 89 (57.42%) from farms were samples was carried out both by the aqueous acetone method, and the chloroform extraction method. The extracts were qualitatively examined by quick screening method, minicolumn chromatography method and thin layer chromatography method. All of three methods gave comparable results.
The quantity of aflatoxin in contaminated samples ranged from 20 microgram/kg to 2000 microgram/kg. The levels of aflatoxin in majorityofthe contaminated samples (90.5%) ranged from 20 microgram/kg to 150 microgram/kg feed and only 9.5% of samples contained higher levels of aflatoxin. Most of the samples containing higher levels of aflatoxin came from commercial poultry farms. These farms had complaints of high mortalities and poor performance in broilers and low production and low mortalities in breeder flocks.
The experimental production of aflatoxin was carried out on long grain rice using a toxigenic strain of Aspergillus parasiticus (FRR-2752). The rice cultures were incubated at 28 degree centigrade in an atmosphere of high humidity. In the present study a maximum yield of 803 microgram aflatoxing rice was obtained.
The determination of LD50 of aflatoxin was carried out in 210 one day old Hy-Bred broiler chicks with an average weight of 38 gram each. The chicks were divided into 21 groups labeled from 1 to 21 with 10 birds in each. A single dose of aflatoxin, ranging from 32.82 mg/kg body weight to 0.33 mg/kg body weight, was inoculated into the crops of chicks in groups 1 to 19, the group 20 acted as solvent control and the group 21 as aflatoxin free control. The birds were observed for 7 days post inoculation. The physical state and mortalities were recorded. The birds which had received higher levels of aflatoxin died within few hours of inoculation showing symptoms and lesions of per acute aflatoxicosis.
The LD50 was calculated by Abbot's probit method and was found to be 9.278 mg/kg body weight.
The pathological effect of a single dose of aflatoxin B1 on the immunocompetent organs was studied in a group of broiler chickens. Day-old 60 Hy-Bred broiler chicks were raised on aflatoxin free feed for 3 weeks and then divided into six groups labeled 1 to 6 with 10 birds in each. A single dose of pure aflatoxin B1 at dose rates of 8, 16, 26, 50 and 100 microgram/birds was given to the birds in groups of 1 to 5 respectively, the sixth group acted as toxin free control. The birds were maintained on aflatoxin free feed and water ad lib and observed for 3 weeks post inoculation.
The bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen of each bird was removed and histologically examined, No appreciable histological changes were seen in the organs of birds which had received 8, 16 and 26 microgram AFB1/bird while reductions in size accompanied with other degenerative changes were seen in the thymus glands, bursa and spleens of birds, which had been injected 50 and 100 microgram AFB1/birds respectively. The normal tissues of these organs were replaced by the inflammatory and fibrous tissues. No changes, gross pathological or histological, were seen in the thymus glands, bursa and spleen of control group birds.
The Immunomodulatory effects of a single dose of 100 microgram aflatoxin B1/bird on the development of immunity against Newcastle disease virus vaccine was studied in broiler and layer chickens. A group of 120 one day-old Hy-Bred broiler chicks were divided ito two groups with 60 birds in each and raised for 3 weeks on an aflatoxin free feed.Three randomly selected chicks were bled on the first 7th, 14th and 21st days of age for the determination of maternal haemagglutinin inhibiting (HI) antibody titers. At 3 weeks of age the broilers of each batch were further subdivided into groups labeled as T, T1,T2, K1 and K2 with 10 birds in each.
A batch of layer chicks was raised for 8 weeks on aflatoxin free feed and then divided into groups T, T1, T2, K1 and K2 with 10 birds in each. Three randomly selected chicks were bled on day one and thereafter weekly for determination of maternal H1 antibody titers till the 7th week of age.
The birds in groups T received vaccine and aflatoxin simultaneously, the birds in groups T1 received vaccine 72 hours before toxin and the birds in groups T2 received toxin followed 72 hours later by vaccine. The birds in group K1 acted as toxin free vaccinated control and the bird in groups k2 acted as toxin free unvaccinated control. The birds were maintained on aflatoxin free feed for further 4 weeks. Three randomly selected birds of each group were bled weekly for the determination of serum H1 antibody titers. At the end of 3rd week post inoculation one batch of broilers and the layer groups were challenged with a virulent strain of Newcastle Disease Virus while the other batch of broilers was given a booster dose of vaccine.
All of the birds in unvaccinated aflatoxin free control groups (k2) died within 72 hours of challenge, while the rest o the birds survived. The survivors were bled and sacrificed one week after challenge/booster vaccination. The Sera of birds were examined for H1 antibody titers. The results showed that the administration of aflatoxin alongwith, immediately before or after vaccination depressed the development of H1 antibodies significantly.
Immunomodulation caused by continued feeding of aflatoxin on the development of immunity against Pasteurella multocida vaccine were studied in layer and broiler chickens. Seventy two one-day old hyline layer chicks were raised for 6 weeks on aflatoxin feed and then divided into groups T, T1, T2, T3, K1 and K2 with 12 birds in the Seventy two Hy-Bred broiler chicks, one-day old were divided into 6 groups T, T1, T2, T3, K1 and K2 with 12 birds in each. A toxic feed containing 2.1 microgram of aflatoxin/gram was prepared. The Birds in groups T were given toxic feed for 42 days (21 days before and 21 days after vaccination). The birds in groups T1 were fed toxic meal for 21 days before vaccination and those in groups T2 were fed toxic meal for 21 days after vaccination. The birds in groups T3 received a single dose of 9.278 mg Aflatoxin/kg body weight on the day of vaccination. The birds in the groups K2 as toxin free vaccine free control. All of the birds, except those in the groups K2, were vaccinated with Pasteurella multocida vaccine at the end of 3rd week of age in the broilers and 9th week of age in the layers and challeneged with a virulent Pasteurella multocida organisms 3 weeks post vaccination. After challenge the birds were shifted to aflatoxin free feed till the termination of the experiment.
In layers one bird each of group T and T3 died. In unvaccinated toxin free control group of layers as well as broilers (K2) 11 out of 12 birds died. Six broilers of group T and 5 broilers of group T3 died after challenge. The experiment was terminated on the 7th post challenge. The survivors were bled and sacrificed. Serum was collected from 4 randomly selected birds on the day of vaccination and thereafter weekly till the termination of the experiment. The antibody titer were determined by IHA and ELISA tests. Continued feeding of aflatoxin depressed the development of humoral immunity against Pasteurella multocida vaccine, the depression being more pronounced in broilers.
The pathological effects of aflatoxin were studied in 3 weeks old broiler chicks. A batch of 36 one day-old broiler chicks was raised on aflatoxin free feed for 3 weeks. On 21 days of age the chicks were divided into 3 groups T, T1 and C with 12 birds in each. A single dose of 9.278 mg/kg body weight was injected into the crop of birds in group T. The birds in group T1 were maintained on a feed containing 9.278 mg aflatoxin/bird (2.1 ug/g feed) for 4 weeks. The third group (k) acted as control. The experiment was terminated on the 49th day of age by sacrificing the survivors.
The liver of birds in group T1 were enlarged, and the heart were atrophied. Regenerative changes, some bile duct hyperplasia and fatty changes were seen in liver of birds in group T. in Birds of group T2 the liver was enlarged and showed nodular hyperplasia. Histologically the liver tissue showed acute necrosis, pericellular fibrosis, nuclear dissolution, bile duct proliferation and lymphoid hyperplasia. Degenerative changes were also seen in the heart and kidneys and other organs. No gross or histological changes were present in the organs of the control group (K) birds.
The effects of aflatoxin on the live weight, dressed weight, the weight of liver, heart and gizzard, some seral enzymes and bilirubin were studied in a group of 165 broiler chicks. Day old Hy-Bred broiler chicks were raised on aflatoxin free feed for 3 weeks and then divided into 3 groups T, T1 and K with 55 birds in each. The birds in group T received a single dose of 9.278 aflatoxin/kg body weight while the birds in the group T1 received 9.278 mg aflatoxin/bird which was mixed in feed and offered ad. Lib. To these birds over the next 4 weeks. The birds in group K acted as the toxin free control. The experiment was terminated on the 28th day post inoculation by sacrificing the survivors. Five chicks from each group were bled through cardiac puncture and sacrificed, daily from day one (21st day age) to the 7th day post inoculation (28th day age) and thereafter weekly till the end of the experiment. Serum of these birds was examined for SGOT, SGPT, LDH, SAP and Bilirubin.
Continued feeding of aflatoxin or administration of a single dose of aflatoxin significantly depressed the live weight, dressed weight and weight of heart, while it significantly increased the weight of liver and gizzard. Administration of a single dose of aflatoxin produced dramatic increase in the volume activity of SGOT, SGPT, LDH,SAP bilirubin within 24 hours of toxin administration, the values remained higher during the first week and thereafter slowly came down. In birds fed on contaminated meals the enzymic activity and bilirubin gradually increased during the first week and remained high till the termination of the experiment. In the birds of control group the activity of these parameters remained on baseline levels.
No Carcinogenicity was seen in any of the internal organs of layer chickens which had been raised for 1 year on feed containing 2 ug aflatoxing.
No aflatoxin or aflatoxin residue could be detected in the liver, kidneys and breast muscles of broilers, which had been fed contaminated meals for various lengths of time, and were shifted to aflatoxin free feed 7 days before slaughter. Aflatoxin was recovered from the liver and kidneys of layers which were feeding a contaminated meals at the time of sacrifice, the rate of recovery being 1 microgram/100 grams liver tissue and less than 1 microgram/100 gram kidney tissue. No aflatoxin could be detected in the breast muscles of these chickens.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0014,T] (1).
19.
Poultry Meat As A Source Of Human Salmonellosis
by Saba Mahmood | Muhammed Ajmal | Syed Ata-Ur-Rehman Rizvi | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1987Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0157,T] (1).
20.
Sero-Epidemiological Study Of Brucellosis In Domestic Animals Using Standard Plate Test, Standard Tube Test,
by Chani, M | Muhammed Naeem | Muhammed | Syed Ata- ur - Rehman rizvi | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: The sero-epidemlological study of brucellosis was carried out to observe the incidence of brucellosis in 1000 slaughtered end 1000 healthy animals in Peshawar district of N.W.F.P. All the serum samples were subjected to four serological tests I.e. Standard Plate Test, (SPT) standard Tube Test, (STT) Rivanol Test, (RV) and 2,tlercapto-ethanol Test. (2,ME).
The incidence of brucellosis In 1000 healthy animals tested by Standard plate test, standard tube test, rivanol test, end 2,Mercopto-ethanol test was 2.4%, 1.46%, 1.05% end 0.52%, respectively. While the incidence of brucollosis in 1000 slaughtered animals from Peshawar abettior was 2.5%, 1.5%, 1.2% and 0.8% by standard plate test, standard tube test, rivanol test, and 2, Mercopto-ethonol test.
The incidence of the disease was higher in slaughtered animals as compared with healthy animals. The disease was more prevalence In goats as compared to buffaloes, cattle, end sheep.
The Incidence of brucellosis in male animal at slaughter house Peshawar was 5% by standard plate test.
While other three tests were found to be negative. Also the same result was recorded In live male animals.
The Incidence of brucellosis In female animals at slaughter house Peshawar was 2.29%, 1.56%, 1.25% and 0.83% by standard plate test, standard tube test, rivanol test and 2,Mercapto-ethenol test. Similarly it was seen that the disease was more common In aged animals as compares to Youngers stocks.
The efficacy of standard plate test was found more as compared to standard tube test, rivanol test, and 2,Mercepto-ethanol test In slaughtered as well as in apparently healthy animals at Peshawar district. Standard plate test detected 2.45%, where as standard tube test detected 1.80%, rivanol test detected 1.55%, and 2,Mercapto- ethanol test detected 1.05% positive cases in slaughtered as well as In healthy animals.
So the standard plate test was found to be more sensitive, reliable, and can be easily apply.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0241,T] (1).
21.
Study On The Normal Haematology And Biochemistry Of Blood Of Buffaloes
by Waqar Sarwar Gillani, Syed | Muhammed Irfan | Tufail Muhammed Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1984Dissertation note: Two hundred clinically normal and healthy buffoloes were studied for different haematological and biochoraical parameters. The animals from birth to thirteen years of age were included in the study.
i) A significant variation in the values of haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count and packed cell volume was seen between animals below 1 2 months of age and above 1 2 months of age.
2) Animals below 12 months of age showed significantly higher haemoglobin contents, total erythracyte count and haematocrit values.
3) Animals below 12 months possessed significantly higher blood glucose level.
4) The cholesterol level in lactating animals was higher compared to non lactating animals.
5) The average values for buffaloes below 12 months of age were as follows: Haemoglobin 12.0 ± 2.H prcent
Total erythroeyte count 8.84 + 1 .85 millions/cmm
packed cell volume 39.7 ± 9.7 per cent
6) The average haematological values for buffaloes above 12 months of age were as under
Haemoglobin
Total erythrocyte count
Packed cell volume
Mean cell volume
Mean cell haemoglobin
Mean cell haemoglobin concentration
Total leucocyte count Absolute neutrophil
11.6 ± 2.8 go per cent
7.48 ± 1 .98 millions/cram
35.35 ± 6.35 per cent
47.92 +
15.95 ±
30.42 ± 4.02 per cent
11641 . 5 ± 1 239 .5 thousands/cm
4339.5 + 540.5 per cubic-milimetor
Absolute lymphocyte
Absolute monocyte
Absolute eosinophil
Absolute basophil 6388.5 ± 667.5/corn
556.5 ± 107.5/cmm
464i-97/emm
Nil
The average biochemical values for buffaloes above 12 months of age were as follows:-
Glucose
Urea
Cholesterol
Inorganic phosphorous Calcium
Calcium
Potassium
Sodium
Choloride 59.7 ± 13.9 mg per cent
33.75 ± 11.25 mg per cent
280.5 ±25.5 mg per cent
5.84 ± 1 .84 rng per cent
9.69 ± 2.91 mg per cent
4.6 ± 1.0 miliequivalent/lit.
136.5 ± 8.5 miliequivalunt/lit
105.5 ± 9.5 miliequivalent/lit
The blood glucose for anirals below 12 months of age was 71.25 ± 14.35 mg per cent.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0266,T] (1).
22.
A Study On The Normal Blood Picture Of Buffaloes In Lahore
by Ata ur Rehman Rizvi, Syed | Muhammed Irfan | Not Available.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1973Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0277,T] (1).
23.
Factors Affecting Haemagglutination Activity Of Newcastle Disease Virus
by Monem Rizvi, Syed | Dr. Muhammad Akram Munir | Dr. Mian Mubasher Naeem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: While standardizing various components of haemagglutination (HA) test optimum results were obtained using phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as a diluent, 0.5 per cent red blood cells suspended in PBS as indicator, and by incubating the microtitration plates at 4C. While best Haemagglutination-Inhibition (HI) titers were obtained by using 4 HA Units of antigen and 60 minutes incubation period (time given for antigen-serum reaction). The HI test did not detect maternal antibodies in the serum of birds after 4 week of age. Initial vaccination of chicks at 7 days of age followed by a booster dose at 21 days of age, elicited a good immune response and protected the broilers against virulent NDV challenge at 49 days of age. Administration of a single dose of NDV vaccine at 7 day of age or three NDV vaccine doses, one for priming at 7 days of age, second for first boosting at 21 days of age and third as a second booster dose at 35 days of age were not recommended, as in first case the immunity was short lived and in second case birds were exposed to unnecessary stress.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0353,T] (1).
24.
Effect Of Experimentally Induced Coccidiosis On Some Blood Parameters And Its Treatment With Embazin & Coxistac In Quails
by Anwaar Hussain, Syed | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Asif | Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: This project was designed to study the effects of experimentally induced coccidisis on some blood parameters and its treatment with Embazin and coxistac in Quails. For this purpose 300 day old quail chicks were obtained from a local hactchery and raised under standard, controlled coccidia free conditions. A commercial coccidiostat free feed was provide. At the age of 21 days. birds were divided into 4 groups comprising 60 birds each and shifted from brooder into a multistorey cage and grouped as tinder:Group A (60 quails) Infected and medicated with Embazin.
Group B (60 quails) Infected and medicated with Coxistac.
Group C (60 quails) Infected and non-medicated.
Group D (60 quails) Non-infected-Non-medicated.
Birds of group A, B and C were infected with 1 ml of coccidial inoculum having 50,000 sporulated oocysts given directly into crop. Group D was kept as control group. On fourth day post infection birds of all infected groups showed disease symptoms and at that time groups A and B was medicated with Embazin and Coxistac respectively. Four samples of blood and faeces were collected from each group on zero day, 5th day and 9th day of medication. In groups A and B Haemoglobin and Total Erythrocytic Count was lowered on 5th day and then increased on 9th day of medication oocyst count was Nil on 9th day of medication in group A and 92.30% reduction percentage was there is in group B. Haemoglobin and Total Erythrocytic Count decreased in group C upto 9th day ofmedication but oocyst count increased in this group. Increase percentage was 7.14% on 5th day and 14.28% on 9th day of medication. In group D Haemoglobin andTotal Erythrocytic Count remained almost constant and oocyst count was found Nil throughout the experimental period.
The best feed conversion Ratio of 3 was recorded in group D whereas group "C" which was infected but not treated showed worst feed conversion ratio i.e. 4. Group A & B revealed intermediate F.C.R. of 3.6 and 3.8 respectively.
Hishest mortality of 33.33% was recorded in group C, 13% in group B and 11.66% in group A. In group D mortality was Nil. From the findings of study it was concluded that Embazin was drug of choice for the treatment of coccidiosis in quails.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0372,T] (1).
25.
Serosurveilance Of A Disease Complex In Commercial Broilers
by Hassan Rizvi, Syed | Dr. Muhammad Naeem | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Sheikh Amin | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: In this study 400 samples of blood obtained from different farms situated around Jaranwala, an important broiler raising area of Punjab, were examined serologically. The Newcastle disease virus titer in most cases were low and non protective against exposure to field strain. The birds had antibodies against pathogens such as Infectious bronchitis virus and Infectious bursal disease virus to which they had not received vaccine indicating the presence of field strain of these viruses in the area. Some of the birds at these farms had antibodies against Hycoplasma galliseplicum, Mycoplasnia svnoviae and Salmonella gallinarum. Poor hygienic conditions coupled with poor ventilation may lead to the rapid dissemination of these pathogens within a community of birds and cause severe economic problems.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0382,T] (1).
26.
Comparative Seroprevalence Of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea In Local And Exotic Cattle Breeds At Different Government
by Liaqat Ali Khan | Dr. Muhammad Naeem | Dr. Syed Ata-ur-Rehman Rizvi | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: The project was designed to find out the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea BVD virus antibodies in the sera of local and exotic cattle breeds, randomly selected from four different sources. For this purpose one thousand serum samples were collected and agar gel diffusion technique was used for the detection of antibodies against BVD.
The results of the study revealed that an overall 11.4% cattle population was having antibodies against BVD virus. The prevalence of the BVD in local breed was 14.4% while that of exotic breed was 8.4%. The prevalence rate of antibodies against BVDV was found higher in local cattle breeds as compared to exotic breeds. Various epidemiological factors were considered. Age of the animal was an important factor influencing the prevalence of disease. So regarding the age of the animal high prevalence rates were found in adult as compared to young animals. Maximum number of reactors were found in the adult age group.
The finding of the survey revealed a moderate exposure in cattle population. The occurrence of antibodies against BVD virus in apparently healthy unvaccinated animals was indicative for prevalence of the disease in the country. Therefore it is suggested that a complete survey should be carried out for this problem throughout the country and appropriate control measures for the disease.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0392,T] (1).
27.
Comparative Meat Production Potentials And Carcass Evaluation Of Buffalo And Different Breeds Of Cattle Calves
by Syed Ahmed | Prof.Dr.Talat Naseer Pasha | Dr. Asif | Dr. Nisar Ahmed.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: The most urgent need at present is to derive the maximum beef production from our existing livestock and agricultural byproducts. The present study will help us to select the most suitable livestock breed for beef production. This will further provide information to the persons interested for developing a feed lot industry in the country.
In the present study the meat production potential and carcass composition of buffalo and cattle (Sahiwal, crossbred, nondescript, cholistani and dajal) was evaluted. The breeds were assigned six group I, II, III, IV, V and YI for Sahiwal, crossbred, non-descript, buffalo, Cholistani and Dajal respectively. Ten calves from each group was fattened with a control ration containing CP with a range of 10.91 to 11.23 percent and TND ranging from 66.61 to 68.70 percent, for a period of 91 days. The feed efficiency of group I-VT were 5.73, 5.98, 8.38, 7.47, 6.09 and 7.47 with an average daily weight gain of 0.796, 0.856, 0.746, 0.822, 0.840 and 0.753 kg respectively. The dressing percentage were 49.37, 49.19, 52.06, 48.54, 51.83 and 52.27 for group I to VI respectively and the difference were non significant. The percentage of blood, heart and lungs were 2.54, 2.61, 2.61, 3.06, 2.71, 2.46 percent and 0.34, 0.99, 0.39, 0.55, 0.33, 0.43 percent and 1.10, 1.12, 1.03, 1.05, 1.01 and 0.97 for group I to VI, respectively. Statistically non significant difference were found in these parameters. The percentage of liver spleen and kidneys were 1.55, 1.41, 1.52, 1.32, 1.40, 1.33 percent and 0.32, 0.38, 0.39, 0.26, 0.29, 0.30 percent and 0.28, 0.30, 0.29, 0.32,0.25 and 0.20 percent for group I to VI respectively. The only significant difference (P<0.05) between the value of kidneys. The value for other components like mesenteric fat, feet, head and skin were 0.43, 0.56, 0.54, 0.78, 0.58, 0.57 percent for mesenteric fat and 2.26, 2.29, 2.09, 2.53, 2.07 and 2.04 percent for feet 4.27, 4.10, 4.06, 4.80, 4.38 and 4.24 percent for head 10.27, 9.06, 19.10, 9.33, 10.67 and 8.70 for skin of group I to VI, respectively. The difference among all these values were non significant. The percentage ratio of meat, bone, fat and other tissue were 48.38, 52.33,54.13, 49.36, 51.39 and 53.91 percent, 33.14, 32.87, 32.61, 31.79, 36.11, 31.83 percent, 7.04, 6.05, 8.43, 12.96, 7.22, 9.19, percent and 4.83, 5.13, 4.38, 4.01, 4.61 and 3.73 for group I to VI, respectively. Only highly significant difference (P<0.01) was observed in fat component. The chemical composition of the meat revealed 77.78, 76.86, 75.75, 73.34, 76.53 and 75.90 percent moisture, 20.55, 20.12, 20.91, 21.00, 20.56 and 20.64 percent crude protein, 9.90, 7.76, 8.71, 9.71, 8.16 and 8.54 percent ether extract, 5.18, 5.47, 6.03, 6.18, 6.39 and 6.71 percent ash in group I to VI, respectively. Non significant difference were observed in chemical composition. The cost of one kg meat production (feed cost + cost of animal) from group I to VI, 13.92, 14.13, 17.57, 14.59, 17.50 and 20.25 rupees respectively. This revealed that minimum cost of meat production was in Sahiwal calves, whereas Dajal calves proved most expensive meat producer among the different groups.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0416,T] (1).
28.
Efficacy Of Ivermectin And Coumaphos Against Ectoparasites In Cattle And Buffaloes
by Nadeem Haider, Syed | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Haji Ahmed | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: The project was designed to find out the efficacy of ivermectin and Coumaphos against ectoparasites in cattle and buffaloes. Thirty buffaloes infested for ectoparasites were selected for the treatment trials and divided into three groups i.e. Bi, B2 and B3 having ten animals in each group and thirty cattle infested for ectoparasites were selected for the treatment trials and also were divided into Cl, C2 and C3 groups.
The comparative acaricidal drug trials were conducted on 20 infested animals against ectoparasites of group BI and Cl having ten animal in each were medicated with Ivermectin (lvomec: MSD) injected once by s/c route at dose rate of 200 pg/kg body weight. Observation were made on 7th and 14th day post-medication. Skin scrapping examination was done. The overall efficacy of invermectin on 7th and 14th day in buffaloes was 40% and 80% and in cattle 50% and 90% respectively.
The comparative acaricidal drug trials were conducted on 20 infested animals for ectoparasites of B2 and C2 having ten animals in each were treated with Coumaphos (Asuntol: Bayer) at the dose rate of 30-50 gm/animal. On the 7th and 14th day post medication skin scraping examination was done. The efficacy of Coumaphos on 7th and 14th day in buffaloes was 50%, 50% and in cattle 70%, 70% respectively.
Animals were also observed for any side effect of both medicine. No side effects were observed during the period from treatment to last observation in any group i.e. groups BI, Cl and B2, C2 groups. On last observation no spontaneous recovery was noted. In B3 and C3 in untreated and control groups.
From the results of present study it is concluded that Ivermectin (Ivomec MSD) is the drug of choice for the treatment of ectoparasites in cattle and buffaloes when it is given at the dose rate of 0.2 mg/kg body weight by subcutaneous injection.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0422,T] (1).
29.
Effects Of Clopidol And Lasalocid (Avatec) (Coccidiostats) On The Immunity Of Broiler Chicks Vaccinated
by Umer Farooq, M | Dr. Syed Ata-ur-Rehman Rizvi | Dr. Khalid | Dr. Muhammad Akram Munir | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: The birds that received Avatec at recommended dosage levels had higher body weight than the Clopidol medicated, Cyclophosphamide treated or untreated control birds.
Both Avatec and Clopidol treatments did not adversely affect the weights of bursa of Fabricius, spleen, thymus and liver of birds. Cyclophosphamide treatment of birds in early life resulted in.bursal atrophy and slight depression of splenic weight gain.
Avatec and Clopidol were immuno-stimulants and birds eating medicated rations had higher antibody titres as compared to control birds. The NDV vaccinated birds on Avatec and Clopidol medicated rations and those on non-medicated rations resisted challenge with a virulent ND virus, while the non-vaccinated birds of any treatment group and vaccine free control could not withstand this challenge.
Conclusions
This study indicated that Clopidol and Avatec, when used at recommended dosage levels (25 gm of Premix/50 kg of feed and 6.25 gm of pure drugl5O kg of feed respectively) did not interfere with the development of birds; did not have any adverse effects on weights of lymphoid organs such as bursa of Fabricius, spleen, thymus, liver; did not interfere with the development of humoral immunity in vaccinated birds. Their medication in feed rather produced beneficial effects on serum, weight gain and antibody production. The injection of Cyclophosphamide resulted in lower body weights, destruction of the bursa of Fabricius, poor antibody response of birds to vaccination against NDV, and very high post-challenge mortality.
The weight gain studies indicated that vaccinated and non- vaccinated birds on Clopidol and Avatec medicated feeds had non- significantly higher body weights that those on non-medicated ration at 56 days of age. Avatec at recommended dosage level, had more beneficial effects on the body weights than the Clopidol. These studies further indicated that vaccinated birds kept on Avatec medicated feed had significantly higher serum antibody titres on day 56 than the vaccinated non-medicated control birds.
From the results of this study it is concluded that Avatec and Clopidol are not immuno-suppressive drugs when used at recommended dosage levels. They rather have beneficial effects on growth performance and immune response of birds. However, there is a need for further investigations.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0459,T] (1).
30.
A Study On Gastro Intestinal Nematodes Of Camels Slaughtered At Metropolitan Corporation Abattoir Lahore With Taxonomy Of The Isolated Species
by Abbas Ali, Syed | Dr. Asif Rabbani | Dr. Mubasher Saeed Mian | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present study was carried out to determine the incidence of gastro-intestinal nematodes of camels, with the taxonomy of the isolated species. Sixty guts were examined rendomly at the rate of 15 guts per month from August to November, 1993. The adult parasites were collected, fixed and preserved. The whole mounts were prepared. The faecal samples were examined and the EPG was estimated using McMaster egg counting technique. The taxonomy of the isolated species was determined by examing the whole mounts, according to the morphological characters given in the keys. The five species of nematodes representing different genera were isloated and identifed as Haenionchus ion gistipes, Izlaemonchus contortus, C'ainelostrongy!us mentulatus, Neniatodirus spathiger and Trichuris giobulosa.
The overall incidence recorded from camels during the present study was 65 percent. The morphological characters were studied by preparing permanent mounts and were described.
The findings of the present study will help in planning programme for the control of parasitic disease, especially caused by the above mentioned species of nematodes of camels in Pakistan, which will contribute to the development of animal industry by providing much effective coverage for the devastating effects of the parasites and will ultimately enchance the production of milk, meat and hides.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0463,T] (1).
31.
Epidemiological Studies N Mastitis In Buffaloes & Cattle In And Around Lahore
by Khurram Nawaz Qazi | Dr. Syed A.R. Rizvi | Dr. M. Amin Sheikh | Dr. Shakeel A | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1996Dissertation note: Research studies were conducted to investigate some epidemiological aspects of bovine mastitis in and around Lahore.
A total of 45 small livestock units/herds were surveyed and epidemiological data was collected from 4000 bovine population on prescribed proforina. Bacteriological examination was aiso performed on 1000 milk samples after presumptive screening with modified california mastitis test (C.M.T.).
Analysis of the data showed, the herd incidence rate of 88.88 per cent and the disease incidence rate of 8.33 per cent (lactating animals) during this project. CMT on 1000 quarter milk samples showed 14.3% incidence of subclinical mastitis and 10.6% animals were positive bacteriologically. Relative incidence of acute, subacute and chronic forms of disease was 38.33, 43.90 and 13.37 per cent, respectively. Quarter infection rate was 33.40 per cent in affected buffaloes and 10.36 per cent in infected cattle. It was significantly higher in hind than in fore quarters in buffaloes.
All the breeds of buffaloes and cattle maintained in the area were reported to be affected occasionally during the lactation. Age and lactation wise distribution of rnastitis cases varied in different age and lactation groups; being highest in 6-8 years of age group 42.93% and 4-6 lactation (39.45%). Number of cases were higher (53.63%) during early stage of lactation than in middle (21.97%) and (24.4%) late stages. High milk yielding group 12-14 litres daily was more prone to the disease. Disease was reported to cause 30.26 per cent decrease in milk production of affected animals. Udders/teats of 4.0 per cent animals had history of surgical manipulation. Housing on pakka floor (48.9%) incidence was observed to have some association with the disease.
Of the 1000 milk samples 143 were found positive by C.M.T.and 106 samples yielded 171 isolates of different species; 86 Staphylococcus aureus, 9 Staphylococcus epiderinides, 30 Streptococcus agalactiae, 17 Streptococcus dysagalactiae, 11 Bacillus cereus, 10 Escherichia co/i, 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antobiotic sensitivity of the isolates showed that they were sensitive in descending order to Gentamycin, Chlortetracyline, Sul;fonamide (Tribrissin), Chloramphanicol, Ampicilline, Tylosine. Penicilline & Tetracycline.
Out of 86 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus 60 were penicillin resistant of which 23 produced penicillinase. In order to reduce the huge economic losses in terms of milk reduction (30.26% ), the findings of this project are hoped to guide for the control of disease at subclinical stage on a large scale. However, additional studies are suggested for the epidemiology of this disease.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0467,T] (1).
32.
Helminthiasis: Its Dissemination And Treatment With Fenbendazole In The Migrating Sparrows
by Ali Razmaara, Syed | Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Dr. Haji Ahmad | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to bust upon the worm load in the naturally parasitized migratory sparrows, and also to determine the effect of worm load on the blood picture. Furthemore the effect of broad spectrum anthelmintic like Panacur (fenbendazole) in the experimental group in terms of eggs per gm. of faeces pre and post medication.
For this experiment 400 live migratory sparrows were purchased randomly, out of which 200 birds were slaughtered and an incidence of 64.5% parasitic fauna was found. Sparrows were found infected, with two species of nematode i.e. Ascaridia gaul was 39.5% and Heterakis gallinarum was 25% respectively. None of the bird was found infected with trematode and cestode.
The hematology of the above 64.5% parasitized sparrows was performed. The study revealed that due to nematode infection there was a slight increase in Total leucocytic count and Heterophils whereas the Total erythrocytic count, Haernoglobin level, Lymphocytes and Eosinophils were decreased which may lead to anemia, loss of growth and production.
From the left 200 wild naturally parasitized sparrows, 86 (43%) birds were found positive. These sparrows were divided into two groups one was left as control and the other group was subjected to drug efficacy. Panacur (fenbendazole) at the rate of 9.9 mg/kg body weight which was given orally. The results were observed in terms of eggs per gm. of faeces pre and post medication after 24, 48 and 96 hours respectively. The control group showed progressive increase in ova count i.e. 12.82%, 24.79% and 48.72% respectively, whereas reduction in the ova count of the medicated group was gradually observed as 83.72%, 92.25% and 95.35%.
The poultry breeders and scientists are urged to make an effort how the wild birds could mechanically transmit the parasites from one region to another. An attempt should also be made for the better understanding of bacterial and viral infections dissemination.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0474,T] (1).
33.
Characterization And Antibiotic Sensitivity Of Pasteurella Multocida Isolates From The Field Cases Of Haemorrhagic Septicaemia In Buffloes Of Punjab
by Puran Das | Dr. Muhammed Amin Sheikh | Dr. Syed Ata-Ur-Rehman Rizvi | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1996Dissertation note: The research project accomplished was primarily concerned with the isolation and characterization of P. multocida strains involved in field outbreaks of HS in buffaloes of Punjab Province of Pakistan. In addition, isolates were also examined for their sensitivity to various antibiotics and suipha drugs. Isolation attempts, made both on blood samples of live diseased animals and long bones of the dead/slaughtered animals, yielded 10 strains of the organism, solely from the long bones.
All the strains of P. inultocida isolated were uniform in their sugar fermentation and other biochemical reactions, giving a positive reaction for glucose, fructose, mannose, mannitol, sucrose, sorbitol and xylose, producing acid only and no gas. Like wise a positive reaction was also recorded for catalase, oxidase, indole production, nitrate reduction and H2S production tests. All the strains were however, unable to ferment arabinose, inositol, lactose, maltose, salicin, dulcitol and raffinose sugars and were negative for methyl red, voges proskauer, urease activity and gelatin liquefaction tests.
All the isolates of P. multocida were serologically identified as Roberts type I. All the isolates proved highly pathogenic both to rabbits and mice alike.
The antibiotic sensitivity results against 10 field strains and one reference strain of P. inultocida showed amoxicillin to be the most effective antibiotic. The rest of the antibiotics, placed in accordance with their effectivity, in descending order are ampicillin, chloramphenicol, norfloxicin, kanamycin, gentamycin, oxytetracycline and sulphamethaxazole + trimethoprim.
None of the antibiotics except amoxicillin, was able to display equal effectivity against all the 11 strains of P. multocida examined.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0486,T] (1).
34.
Comparative Study Of External Fixation Devices Used For The Repair Of Mid Shaft Tibial Fracture In The Dog
by Syed Mohsin Abbas Kazmi | Dr. M. Arif Khan | Dr. Kamran | Dr. Mazhar Iqbal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: Mid shaft tibial fractures can be repaired by external and internal methods of fixation. The internal methods include bone plates, bone screws, intramedullary pins, circiage wires etc. whereas external fixation devices include K.E. apparatus, Thomas splint, P.O.P. (Gypsona cast splint) other casts and fixation devices. In the cases of mid shaft tibial fracture in the dog, it is not necessary all the times to repair it by internal methods of fixation. External methods of fixation are comparatively cheaper and easy to apply and handle and prevent the animal from the post-operative complications of internal methods of fixation.
The present study was launched for the comparison of the external fixation devices used for the repair of mid-shaft tibia fracture in the dog i.e.
a) Gypsona cast splint.
b) K.E. apparatus.
c) Thomas splint.
The study was carried out on 12 mongrel dogs of either sex divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C and D and each groups comprising three animals designated as I, II and III. In group A, after the induction of mid shaft tibial fracture Gypsona cast splint was applied on right limb. In group B, K-E. apparatus and in group C Thomas splint was applied. The group D was held sham operated (control) after the induction of mid-shaft tibial fracture. The aforesaid devices were first applied on right tibia and then on left tibia of the same dog at an interval of 10 weeks. The dogs were kept in kennels for 20 weeks. At the end of experimental period, the dogs were euthanized and gross examination was conducted.
The results were collected on the basis of clinical examination (lameness) radiographs and post-euthanasia findings. The results clearly revealed that K-E. apparatus was the best choice in cases of mid shaft tibial fracture in the dog, in terms of best immobilization and good calus formation. Although K.E. device is costly one, but it won't exceeds the cost of the animal in many cases. The results were excellent and procedure can easily be applied easily by an average Orthopaedic surgeon. Thomas splint comes next to K-E. apparatus. If properly applied gives good results. Gypsona cast splint was graded at the end, due to its less efficacy and accuracy. It usually resulted in bone bending after application. It could have been a better procedure if applied with some metallic cast or splint.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0545,T] (1).
35.
Effect Of Replacement Of Maize With The Varying Levels Of Stabilized Extruded Rice Polishing On The Performance Of Broilers
by Aqif Mukhtar, Syed | Prof.Dr. Nisar Ahmad Mian | Dr.Anjum Khalique | Dr.Muhammad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: As the poultry industry flourished rapidly during the last thirty years, it has now become a major contributor in providing low cost protein of animal origin to our population. But unfortunately poultry industry is continuously suffering loses for the past few years mainly due the fact that the conventional feed stuffs are becoming costly day by day. The serious food shortage and increasing competition between human beings and poultry regarding the consumption of cereal grains demanded that cereals should be now spared for human consumption and exploration of non conventional feed sources should be carried out in order to keep the business of poultry industry running well.
Rice polishing is a by-product of rice milling so it is abundantly available in Pakistan because rice is the third largest crop produced in the country. Rice polishing compares well with the cereal grains in chemical composition. So it contains more fat and protein as compared to maize but high in fiber contents. Due to high fat contents rancidity of Rice polishing can pose some problems if it is fed after prolonged storage, specially in hot weather.
Extrusion cooking is a new technique which stabilizes the high fat diets and make them fit for use in the animal rations. For this reason full fat rice polishing was subjected to Extrusion Cooking which was done at National Feed Mill.
Present Experiment was conducted to replace maize with extruded rice polishing and to see the effects on the performance of broiler chicks. Six starter and six finisher rations were prepared and designated as A, B, C, D, E and F . All rations were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Starter ration and finisher ration A. were kept as a control containing 35 % Maize and 0% extruded Rice polishing, which was replaced by extruded rice polishing in ration B, C, D, E and F. on protein equivalent basis at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35% level In this way a complete 100% replacement of maize with extruded Rice polishing was made One hundred and eighty day old chicks were randomly divided into eighteen experimental units of 10 chicks each. Each experimental unit was placed individually. The starter rations were fed up to 28th day of age while the Finisher rations from 29th to 42nd day of age.
Results of the present study indicated that the weight gain up to 25% extruded rice polishing level was promisingly good. Maximum weight gain was recorded in Ration B (15% extruded rice polishing). Second best results were noted in the control ration but the performance of the chicks fed on 20% extruded rice polishing was almost equal to that of control ration. It was noted that the weight gain started to decrease gradually as the level was raised up to 35% of the total with each increasing increment.
Best feed utilization was observed in the chicks fed on ration B, whereas poor utilization of feed was noted in higher levels of extruded rice polishing in the diet having more feed consumption compared to weight gain.
Better performance up to 25% level indicated that Extrusion improved the nutritional quality of rice polishing by stabilizing it and inactivating Lipases. The extrusion also made starch more available for the birds and reduced the anti-nutritional elements of rice polishing. This is evident from the fact that the level of rice polishing effected the health of the chicks.
It was therefore concluded from the present study that extrusion is an excellent technique for converting low quality feed stuffs into feeds with higher nutritional quality. Specially extrusion of low priced feed ingredients such as rice polishing and it replacement with a costly feed ingredient such as wheat or maize holds good economic prospects for feed millers. As extrusion is done on a very limited scale therefore after the present study it was strongly recommended that the use of extruded feed stuffs should be promoted in poultry ration
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0583,T] (1).
36.
Chemoprophylactic Trials Against Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea And The Study Of Relevant Haematological & Serological
by Muzaffar Hussain Bukhari, Syed | Dr.M.Athra Khan | Dr.M.Sarwar Khan | Dr.Sameera | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1999Dissertation note: The economy of Pakistan depends upon its live stock population production. The present situation does not match this fact due to high calimortality rate due to infective agents in animals. The mortality rate is significantly higher in the neonates primarily due to neonatal calf diarrhoea.
As the management of neonates is usually not upto the mark and the health of calf is further endangered by the lack of laboratory diagnostic facilities and veterinary medical services at the village level. The present project was designed to solve the problem of our masses which was assume to study the effect of various chemoprophylactic agents against neonatal calf diarrhoea and the study of hematological, serological and bacteriological parameters.
For the present study thirty neonates were subjected through systematic random sampling for the comparative efficacy of colimune ora, cosumix plus, streptomagma, N.M.K. powder and biovct and their effect on haemotological, serological and microbiological parameters was studied. None of the animal manifested any clinical sign like diarrhoea, dehydration, scpteccmia or any of the organism was isolated from the fecal samples, which shows that all the drugs worked well prophylactically against neonatal calf diarrhoea. Only one out of five calves in group A (colirnune ora) died 48 hours after its birth. Postmortem rcpors revealed that there was a lot of fluid accumulation in gastero intestinal tract.
The present project was conducted at the Animal Nutrition centre, Rakh Dera Chahi, Lahore.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0601,T] (1).
37.
Studies On Stress Induced Effects In Broilers Following Vaccination (Nobilis Ma5 + Clone 30) Against Infectious Bronchitis and Newcastle Disease
by Saima Irum Syed | Dr.Asim Aslam | Dr.Sameera | Dr.Shakil Akhtar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: This study was intended to detect the stress induced by live, freezed-dried vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis disease viruses in broilers and to determine the comparative efficacy of vitamins and aspirin to combat it. One hundred and sixty day-old chicks were divided into four group i.e. A, B, C and D having 40 birds each. The birds were kept for 42 days after vaccination with Nobilis Ma5+Clone 30 by eye-droppings on 1st and 22nd day of age. Chicks from group A was kept as control. Group B was given vaccine and no treatment. Group C was given vaccine and only vitamins (Vety Stress-Check). Group D was given vaccine and only aspirin. Ten birds from all groups were randomly selected to collect the serum samples from blood on 1st, 14th, 28th and 42nd day of antibody titre determination.
The following parameters were studied (1) antibody response against Newcastle disease vaccine, (ii) Serum bio-chemical substances (Total serum protein, glucose and cholesterol), (iii) Heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio, (iv) Adrenal/body weight ratio (v) Gross histopathology of adrenal glands and (vi) the economics of the flock.
The live virus Newcastle disease vaccine had no significant stressor effect on any of the above parameters. However, use of vitamins played vital role in combating the vaccination stress, because it showed immuno competent effect and also positive trend in growth traits. That is why this group showed better economic value than the rest of the groups. The effect of Aspirin was also variable.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0653,T] (1).
38.
Comparative Efficacy Of Different Drugs Used Against Mange Mite Infestation In Sheep
by Zafar Iqbal, Syed | Dr . Lftikhar Gul Ahmad | Dr . Asif | Dr . Muhammad Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2001Dissertation note: Parasitic inFestation arc the major problem that hinder in the smooth rearing of sheep. Among the parasitic infestations ecto parasites are of major importance. Among the ecto-parasites mange mites are of prime importance as they damage skin, hide, wool etc. Mange mile infestation is considered to be highly responsible for substantial economic losses in the livestock industry (Hourrign, 1979).
The present study was conducted to determine the comparative efficacy of different drugs used against mange mites in sheep. For this purpose a total of 60 animals diagnosed positive by skin scraping technique (Tarry, 1991) were randomly divided into 3 groups (A, B and C) each group comprising of 20 animals. Group A was treated with Ivojec (Ivernwctin 1%) at a dose rate of lml/50 kg body weight. Group B was treated with Seguvon (Trichiorphon) at a dose rate of 10gm/lit/animal. Group C was kept as positive untreated control. Observations were made at one week intervals for 3 weeks.
The overall efficacy of Ivermectin and Seguvon at the end of study was 90% and 80% respectively.
Animals were also observed for any side effect of the product. No side effect was observed during and after the study completion in both groups i.e. A and B group. No spontaneous recovery was noted in control group.
From the present study it is concluded that Ivojec (Ivermectin) is the drug of choice for the treatment of mange mite infestation in sheep.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0677,T] (1).
39.
Detection & Control Of Vaccination (Gumboro Vaccine Nobilis Strain D-78 Stress Against Infectious Bursal Disease
by Subtain, Syed M | Dr. Shakil Akhtar Khan | Dr . Asim Aslam | Dr . Khushi Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: This research programme was intended to ascertain the stress produced after vaccination with live intermediate type of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccine, which was administered orally through drinking water. It was also intended to manage the effects of vaccination stress with the supplementation of vitamins and aspirin. One hundred and sixty day old layer chicks were divided into four experimental groups i.e. A, B, C and D, 40 birds in each group. Group A was kept as control (non-vaccinated), B was given vaccine but not medicated, group C was administered vaccine as well as multivitamins for 3 days post-vaccination while group D was also medicated with aspirin for 3 days post-vaccination. The studied parameters were: heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, serum biochemical analysis (serum protein, glucose and cholesterol), determination of antibody response against IBDV. At the end of experiment (42nd day) adrenal glands were isolated from 10 randomly selected birds from each group. The glands were subjected to gross and histopathological
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0678,T] (1).
40.
Prevalence Of Brucellosis In Breeding And Game Horses In Lahore Division
by Syed Muhammad Jaafar Fayyaz | Dr. Khalid Pervez | Dr. Azhar | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2004Dissertation note: Sero-prevalence of brucellosis in 400 breeding and game horses from various sources in Lahore Division was analysed. Two serological tests namely Rose bengal plate and standard tube agglutination tests were employed. The Rose bengal plate test served for initial screening and the sera declared positive by Rose bengal plate test were further analysed through standard tube agglutination test, which served for quantitation of Brucella antibodies. A higher incidence of disease prevalence was recorded through Rose bengal plate test than standard tube agglutination test. The overall prevalence of the disease investigated by Rose bengal plate test was 2.5% and with the standard tube agglutination test was 0.25% in horses. The male horses had a prevalence of 0.74% by the Rose bengal plate test, female horses demonstrated a prevalence of 6.15% by Rose bengal plate test and 0.76% by standard tube agglutination test. The higher prevalence of disease was observed in female horses. While interpreting the age group relationship of the disease. It was found that adult and old animals had a higher prevalence than the young animals. The horses over 10 years of age exhibited 7.95% disease incidence by Rose bengal plate test and 1.13% by standard tube agglutination test. Only 1.54% disease prevalence was investigated in horses below 10 years of age by Rose bengal plate test. Sero prevalence of brucellosis was only detected in horses recruited from Race Cource and Phool Nagar, whereas sera of all the horses belonging to Army, Police, Rangers, Race Club and Aitchison College was negative to brucellosis. It may be due to good management of horses, good nutrition, lack of stress and no contact with cattle. The sera with SAT titre of 1:40, were considered positive while the sera showing titre of 1:20 were declared doubtful. There is need to adopt an eradication programme for brucellosis especially because of its zoonotic importance and a continuous threat to livestock industry in the shape of heavy economic losses.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0868,T] (1).
41.
Identification And Chemotherapy Of Ectoparasites Of Camels (Camel Us Dromedarius) In Dera Ghazi Khan
by Muhammad Iqbal | Prof. Dr. H. A. Hashmi | Dr. Kamran Ashraf | Dr. Syed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2005Dissertation note: The present project has been designed for identification and chemotherapy of
ecto-parasites of camels (Camelus dromedarius) from different areas of Dera-Ghazi-Khan. For this purpose 300 camels were examined during the period October to November 2004. Out of 300 camels 109(36.3%) were found infested with ecto-parasites. Two types of ectoparasites were found to be active during those days. Sixty three camels were infested with ticks. After collection these ticks were mounted for identification, with the help of their morphological characters. The only tick found to be identified was Hyalomma dromedarii and the tick infestation was found to be 21% in those areas during October-November 2004.
Similarly, 85 suspected camels were examined by skin scraping in the District Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Dera-Ghazi-Khan, for identification of mites 46 camels weie found to be infested with mange mites and the mange mites infestation was 15.3%. The species of mites identified was Sarcoptes scabiei var. cameli.
For chemotherapeutic trails 60 positive ecto-parasitic camels were divided into 3 groups i.e. A, B and C, 20 camels in each group. For further procedures these groups were divided into sub-groups i.e. A (Al + A2), B (Bi + B2) and C (Cl + C2) where each sub-group contained 10 animals (camels). Al, Bi and Cl were infested with mites and A2, B2 and C2 with ticks. The group A was treated with Ivermectin (Baymec; Bayer) at dose rate of 1 m1150 kg body weight sub/cut. Similarly the group B was treated with Neguvon (0.15%) solution with spray machine. Where the group C acted as infected, non-medicated control group.
The efficacy of Baymec on 7th day was 75% and on 14th day was 80%. But the efficacy of Neguvon (0.15% solution) on 7th day was 65% and on 14th day was 75%. The camels of group C were not treated and acted as control.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0895,T] (1).
42.
Effect Of Cold Shock On Frozen-Thawed Spermatozoa Of Buffalo & Cow Bulls
by Syed Amer Mahmood | Prof. Dr. Ijaz Ahmed | Dr.Azhar | Dr.Muhammed Amir Saeed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2005Dissertation note: Effect of cold-shock on frozen-thawed bovine spermatozoa was measured in terms of motility, viability, plasma membrane and acrosome . integrity. Single ejaculates each from seven Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls and 7 Sahiwal cow bulls were processed for freezing. Three straws of 0.5ml (for each parameter) from each bull were thawed and pooled at 3rC before and after cold-shock at 4°C for 2 min. Individual motility was observed by phase contrast microscope before and after cold-shock. Before and after cold-shock, sperm viability, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity were evaluated by supravital stain, hypo osmotic swelling test and normal acrosomal reaction, respectively. Two hundred sperm were counted for each parameter before and after cold-shock. Comparison of before and after cold shock values showed that cold shock had no effect (P>0.05) on motility (64.0±1.88 vs 60.4±2.56), viability (141.1±4.39 vs 124.5±8.03), plasma membrane integrity (83.51±5.82 vs 71.19±4.31) and acrosome integrity (148.3±2.36 vs 141.1 ±2.85) of buffalo bull spermatozoa. Comparison of before and after cold shock values of cow bull spermatozoa indicated that cold shock had significant (P<0.05) effect on motility (59.2±1.05 vs 41.9±.12), viability (140: 14±2.94 vs 90.5±2.73), and plasma membrane integrity (62.3±4.28 vs 47.24±3.71) but no effect on acrosome integrity (147.9±2.21 vs 140.6±2.40). In conclusion, cold shock had significant detrimental effect on cattle bull spermatozoa but no effect on buffalo bull spermatozoa.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0910,T] (1).
43.
Isolation And Biological Characterization Of H7 Type Avian Influenza Virus
by Syed Abid Hussain | Dr. Muhammad Akram Muneer | Dr.Azhar | Dr.Masood Rabbani | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2006Dissertation note: The present study was undertaken with the objectives to isolate and characterize avian influenza virus responsible for high morbidity and mortality in layers flocks in Karachi area of Pakistan. AIV H7 type was isolated from the morbid tissue samples by inoculating their tissue homogenate in the 9-1 1 day old developing chicken embryos. This isolate later declared as AIV H7 type, induced death of chicken embryos within 36 to 48 hours post inoculation. The type and subtype of the isolate was confirmed using known nionospecific antisera against various haemagglutinating viruses. Infectivity potential of AIV was determined by inoculating it in 9-11 day old embryos of layer, duck, desi-bird and pigeons. The AF from experimentally infected embryos, haernagglutinated the chicken red blood cells. However, the haemagglutination titer of virus in AF from eggs of various avian species was variable. For evaluating the survival/resistance of the virus against various chemical disinfectants, it was inoculated in embryonated chicken eggs following treatment of various dilutions disinfectants like Beloran, Zeptin and Formalin. These disinfectants were effective in inactivating the avian influenza virus at various concentration levels. For monitoring pathogenic characteristics, isolated virus was inoculated in the developing chicken embryos. The mean death time was evaluated as 42 hrs post inoculation. This investigation indicated that AIV-H7 type was widely circulating iii poultry flocks, and was causing high morbidity and mortality in the susceptible populations. The use of disinfectants like Beloran, Zeptin and F'orrnalin is suggested for inactivating the virus present in-and-around poultry farm premises.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0937,T] (1).
44.
Sarcoptic Manage In Dogs And Its Chamotherapy With Herbal And Allopathic Drugs
by Zeeshan Habib | Prf.Dr. Azhar Maqbool | Dr. Syed | Dr. Wasim Shahzad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2006Dissertation note: It is an established fact that parasitic diseases are one of the principal obstacles in the health of animals. Some of these parasites survive at the expense of the blood of animals, thus causing irritation, anemia and consequently leading to weakness and debility. Some of the parasites are zoonotic in nature and may be a cause of contagious disease like Scabies to human beings by direct contact (Dominguez et al., 1978).
Canine scabies is an extremely pruritic and contagious skin condition caused by epidermal mite, Sarcoptes scabies var canis (Prescott, 1970). The disease spreads from dog to dog by direct contact., Clinical signs include intense pruritis, erythema, papular eruptions, accumulation of keratotic tissue and alopecia of the affected areas. Severely affected dogs may have open lesions caused by scratching. Scabies lesions are mostly seen in the muzzle, chest, elbow, around the eyes and in the ears and then spread to back and abdomen.
Dogs are kept as pet by quite a number of people in Pakistan.People became infected in about 50% of canine cases. however, the dermatosis in people usually dissipates spontaneously 2-4 weeks after the animal is treated (Folz et at., 1984) In the present study a total 620 dogs of various breeds and of both sex were examined for the presence of Sarcoptes scabiei var canis.OF these seventy five (12.9%) were found positive,of these dogs 50 were selected for therapeutic trials.these were randomly divided into five groups i.e.A, B, C, D & E having ten dogs in each group.these dogs were treated with Ivermectin,Cypermethrin,Nicotiana tobaccum & Azadirachta indica. Efficacy of the drug was calculated on the basis of disappearance of signs,negative skin scraping and subsidence of the skin surface..the result showed that Ivermectin was 100%on 28th day of treatment,followed by Cypermethrin 90%, Nicotiana tobaccum70% ,where as the lowest efficacy showed by Azadirachta indica i.e.60
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0940,T] (1).
45.
Comparative Growth Performance Of Different Broilers Strains
by Syed Ansar Hussain Shah Naqvi | Dr.Farina Malik | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Akram | Prof.Dr.Talat.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2007Dissertation note: This present study was performed to investigate the comparative growth performance of different broiler strains. The experimental birds from four different strains viz Arbor acre (AA), Hubbard (RB), Hybro (FlY), and Starbro (ST) were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups each having 14 birds to evaluate the best performing strain under the local environmental condition. All the chicks in each replicate were weighed and placed in individual litter floor pens with the provision of separate feeding and drinking equipment. Ad. Libitum feed and water was offered to the birds in each replicate with the provision of 24hours light. Commercial broiler starter feed was provided from 0-4 weeks and finisher from 5-6 weeks of age.
Room temperature and humidity percentage was recorded daily. Body weight, feed intake were recorded weekly. FCR was also calculated on weekly basis. And mortality was recorded as and when occurred.
At the end of the experiment two birds' one male and one female from each replicate were randomly selected to study slaughter parameters such as live weight, dressed weight and different organs weight (shank length, head weight, liver weight, gizzard weight, heart weight, intestine weight, intestine length, ceacal weight).
The daily temperature range was 24 C to 40 C and the humidity percentage was from 20 to 90 % throughout the experimental period. The overall data showed no significant difference (P<0.05) in weight gain, feed consumption and FCR values of four different broiler strains. However, consistently higher weight gain and feed consumption was observed in birds of strains AA. Where as comparable FCR values were
observed in birds of strains AA, RB and HY. However birds in strains SB showed lowest (P>0.05) weight gain and highest FCR.
Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in live weight of male and female birds. Highest (P<0.05) live weight and dressed weight was observed in birds of SB strain. The highest dressing percentage was observed in birds of AA and HY strains.
The significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in head weight of female birds from different broiler strains, the head weight of the birds from HB was significantly (P< 0.05) higher compared to lower weight of AA. The significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in shank length of female of the group AA birds. There was no significance difference (P> 0.05) in the liver weight, gizzard weight, intestinal weight, intestinal length, and ceacal weight of birds from different broiler strains.
The trial indicated that all the broiler strains such as Arbor acre (AA), Hubbard (RB), Hybro (HY), and Starbro (SB) can be reared profitably and uniformly under our local environmental temperature. It is also evident from the data that each strain has its own peculiar characteristics. AA, I-lB. and MY showed better growth performance, whereas maximum mortality was observed in the birds of SB thus indicating poor resistance to the diseases.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1000,T] (1).
46.
Effect Of Vitamin E And Selenium Supplementation On The Performance, Carcass Characteristics And Immune Response in Broilers
by Syed Kaleem -Ul- Hassan | Dr.Abdul Waheed Sahota | Prof. Dr.Muhammad Akram.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2007Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to examine the effect of vitamin E and selenium supplementation on the performance, carcass characteristics and immune response in broilers. For this purpose, 400 commercial day old broiler chicks of Hubbard strain were purchased from a reputed local hatchery. They were maintained in experimental poultry house, Department of Poultry Production, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore during the month of July & August. The chicks were randomly divided into 4 equal experimental groups viz. without supplementation, selenium supplemented, vitamin E supplemented and vitamin E+selenium supplemented, each comprising 100 chicks. The chicks in each group were further randomly sub-divided into 10 replicates of 10 chicks each. All the experimental chicks were initially weighed and individually tagged for identification and kept in 40 pens (10 birds/pen) on littered floor under optimal managemental conditions. The experimental birds were protected against Newcastle Disease through prophylactic vaccination at the age of 4 days (Intraocular route) and then at 21 days (drinking water). Prophylactic vaccination against Infectious Bursal Disease was also performed at 14 and 28 days through drinking water. The birds were given selenium (3mg/kg feed), vitamin E (200 mg/kg feed) and vitamin E+selenium (lcc/10L drinking water) in selenium supplemented, vitamin E supplemented and vitamin E+selenium supplemented groups, respectively, and those in without supplementation were maintained as non-supplemented group. Body weight gain and feed intake were recorded weekly to calculate the Feed Conversion Ratio. At the end of experiment mortality, carcass characteristics, anti-NDV titre were recorded and economics of the project was calculated.
The results of this study indicated significant (P<0.05) differences in feed intake and feed conversion ratio due to supplementation with selenium and vitamin E, however, a non-significant effect on body weight gain of broilers was observed due to supplementation. The feed intake in group without supplementation was significantly (P<0.05) different from all other groups, however, non-significant difference was observed in feed intake of groups selenium supplemented, vitamin E supplemented and vitamin E+selenium supplemented. FCR in group without supplementation was significantly poor than those of other groups, however, non-significant difference in FCR of groups selenium supplemented, vitamin E supplemented and vitamin E+selenium supplemented was observed.
Results obtained from the study showed significant (P<0.05) differences on carcass characteristics i.e. liver weight and bursa weight, however, non-significant difference in dressing percentage, shank length, keel length, gizzard weight, heart weight, spleen weight and bursa of fabricious diameter due to supplementation of selenium and vitamin E was observed. Statistically significant (P<0.05) difference was found in liver weight of broilers between without supplemented and supplemented groups. The liver weight in group selenium supplemented was significantly greater from group without supplementation, however, non-significant difference was observed in liver weight of groups without supplementation, vitamin E supplemented and vitamin E+selenium supplemented. The bursa weight of the birds in group vitamin E+selenium supplemented was significantly lower from all groups, however, non-significant differences were observed among the birds in groups without supplementation, selenium supplemented and vitamin E supplemented.
The results in respect of antibody titres against New castle disease virus vaccine showed that the groups supplemented either with selenium and vitamin E alone or in combination through feed or drinking water gave higher anti-NDV titre than un-supplemented group. The values obtained were 5.30, 6.77, 7.06 and 7.80 for without supplementation, selenium supplemented, vitamin E supplemented and vitamin E+selenium (D), respectively.
The economics of production of broilers in different experimental groups indicated that average cost of production remained RS 91.86, 88.21,86.84 and 87.61 in groups without supplementation (A), selenium supplemented (B), vitamin E supplemented (C) and vitamin E+selenium supplemented (D), respectively, showing a higher cost of production in groups B, C and D by RS 3.65, 5.02 and 4.25, respectively in comparison to the control group on account of additional cost of supplementation with selenium, vitamin E and vitamin E+selenium, respectively. The average return came out to be RS 102.042, 104.304, 104.034 and 103.20 in groups A, B, C and D, respectively, and this variation was due to difference in cost of feed intake and weight gain of broilers in different groups. The average profit per bird in groups A, B, C and D was found to be RS 10.182, 16.094, 17.195 and RS 15.586, respectively, indicating a higher margin of profit in groups B, C and D by RS 5.912, 7.013 and 5.404, respectively, in comparison to the control group.
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings of this study it may be stated that dietary supplementation of selenium (3 mg/kg feed) in broilers may improve feed conversion efficiency. The dietary supplementation with vitamin E (200 mg/kg feed) may increase anti-NDV titres and may enhance economic returns in broilers.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1002,T] (1).
47.
Detection Of Cryptosporidiosis By Pcr In Calves
by Abbas Haider Syed | Prf.Dr. Azhar Maqbool | Dr | Miss Sabiqa Masood | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2008Dissertation note: Ciyptosporidiosis is caused by oocysts present in water or faeces. It is a serious problem for both Public health and livestock economy. Ciyptosporidium has four species i.e., C. parvum, C. muris, C. wrairi, and C. felis in which Cryptosporidium parvum is most important as it is the more prevalent species.
Out of 300 animals examined only 90 animals were showing diarrhoea. For the detection of Ciyptosporidiosis the faecal samples were examined by ZN staining under light microscope. Out of three hundred calves samples only sixty were found positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts while rest of two hundred and forty were found negative.
Four thousand oocysts per gram of faeces detected by ZN staining are considered positive of ciyptosporidiosis. In this study only forty six samples showed threshold number of oocysts per gram of faeces while eleven were positive but their count was less than four thousand per gram. There were three such samples which show very few numbers of oocysts per gram of faeces.
Samples from female calves showed more positive results as compared to samples from male calves. There was also an interesting fact that the age group ranging from, day eleven to day twenty one, were showing more positive samples as compared to the age group ranging from, day one to tenth day. The overall percentage of positive samples was twenty percent.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1030,T] (1).
48.
Comparative Efficacy Of Various Antiviral Agents Against Newcastle Disease Virus
by Shahzada Khurram Syed | Dr.Muhammad Ovais Omer | Dr.Aftab | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 2010Dissertation note: In this project, 120 embryonated broiler chicken eggs of 9th days were obtained from Hi-tech laboratories Pvt Ltd and were placed in WTO quality control laboratory. Eggs were candled for separation of live embryos. For each drug to be tested, embryonated eggs were divided in 8 groups and marked them with lead pencil.
Eggs were disinfected with 70% ethanol. The New castle disease was virus obtained from Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. Virus was identified by haemagglutination inhibition test. To prepare inoculums, stored virus was admixed at room temperature with antibiotics. Each embryonated eggs were inoculated with 0.1 ml of inoculum with the lml of BD syringes.
Eggs were incubated for 72 hours with frequent candling after every 24 hours. After, 72 hours of post inoculation, all live and dead embryos in eggs were kept in refrigerator at 4°C to 8°C. After, 72 hours antiviral groups were checked for the replication of ND virus by means of spot haemagglutination test. Drug's toxicity was checked for the viability of embryo by candling.
Three different concentrations of plant extracts of garlic, glycyrriza and ribavirin in normal saline were evaluated for' their antiviral activity and toxicity in embryonated eggs. Three concentrations for glycyrrhiza 1 5mg/iOOml, 30mg/i OOml and 60mg/i OOml were used. l5mg/lOOmi was neither toxic nor against virus. 6Omg/lOOmi was toxic and killed the embryos. Only 3Omg/lOOmi was antiviral as well as non-toxic.
Three different of concentrations of garlic were lgm/lOOmi, 5gm/lOOmi and 10gm/lOOm!. lgm/lOOmi was not having antiviral activity and it did not stop virus replication. 5gm/lOOmi and lOgm/lOOmi stopped virus replication and also non-toxic.
Three different concentrations 5ig/m1, lOtg/ml, 2Oig/ml of ribavirin were used. The first concentration was not having toxicity and antiviral activity. Second concentration was antiviral as well as non-toxic. Third concentration was toxic and killed the embryos.
This project was designed to investigate the efficacy of ribavirin and plant extracts (garlic and glycyrrhiza) against new castle disease virus and to reduce the cost of antiviral medicines and to explore flora of Pakistan.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1104,T] (1).
49.
Studies Of The Carriers Of Pasteurella Multocida
by Syed Shabir Ahmad Shah | Prof. Muhammad yousaf Vaid | Mr. Muhammad | Mr. Muhammad Akram Muneer | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1979Dissertation note: Pasteurellosis is an infectious disease of Livestock having world wide occurrence. To find out the incidence of healthy carriers of Pasteurella multocida in cattle buffaloesa, research project was undertaken at College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore.
For this purpose 330 (nasopharyngeal) swabs of clinic shy normal cattle and buffaloes were collected from various sources from Lahore.
Inoculations swabs were made on various media like blood agar, tryptore agar, tryptore broth, mutrient agar, nutrient broth, etc. The culture media wee incubated both aerobically and at a temperature of 37oC.
The biochemical characteristics of Pasteurella multocida isolated were studied, smears from growth, were prepared, stained with Gram's method and examined.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1136,T] (1).
50.
Comparative Nutritive Value Of Corn Gluten Meal And Meat Meal In Broiler Rations
by Syed Tayyab Waqar Bokhari | Dr. SAghir Ahmad Jafri | Dr. Mohammad Yaqoob Malik | Mrt. Mubasher.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 1985Dissertation note: The experiment was conducted in the Animal Nutrition Section, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore on completely randomized design. One hundred and twenty, day-old broiler chicks were reared for eight weeks period, These were divided into four groups of 30, and each group was further divided into three replicate of 10 birds. Four experimental rations A, B, C and D were fed to the four different groups. There rations contained 0, 10,15 & 20% levels of corn gluten meal with 18, 9. 5,5 & 0% levels of meat meal as sole source of protein. Watering and feeding was done a libitum.
At the end of experiment, the results showed that average body weight gain of individual bird fed on rations A, B, C and D was 322.2, 263.8, 352.7 and 252.8 grams with F.C.R. of 2.35, 2.61,2.30 & 3.04 respectively. The data regarding the body weight gain and F. C. R. was subjected to statistical analysis - using the analysis of variance and further more to find out the difference in treatment means. Student Newman Keul's Technique was applied. The results showed the highest gain in body weight in birds of group C (15% corn gluten, 5% meat meal and 0. 5% L-Lysine) and the least gain in weight in group D (20% corn gluten and 0.5% L-Lysine. Similar results in case of F. C. R. were obtained as well.
The data on dressing percentage of birds fed rations A, B, C and D were 74.5, 72.1, 71.6 and 72.4 percent. Statistically these results found to be significant and the maximum dressed body weight was observed in group A. The gizzard weight of the birds kept on rations A, B, C and D was 126. 0, 08.3, 120.7 and 105.7 grams with 123.7, 92.7, 100.0 and 94.3 grams of liver weight respectively were observed. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference. Improved weight of gizzard and liver were gained by the birds maintained on ration A. The data on heart, spleen and pancrease weights on analysis revealed a non- significant difference.
The data on economics of the experimental rations indicated that the cost per Kg. of gain in body weight was Rupees 10. 52, 8.73, 8.57 and 11.16 respectively. The ration C was comparative by more economical, ration B being second the best. It is evident from the data that 15% corn gluten with 5% meat meal helped in making the ration most economical.
Based on the observations cited above it was inferred that corn gluten meal could be successfully incorporated in broilers ration without any deteriorating effect o growth rate, feed consumption or feed efficiency, provided it is supplemented with animal protein source to make up the limiting amino-acids.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1140,T] (1).
