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51. Study & Comparative Efficacy Of Oral & Injectable Levamisole Against G.I.T. Nematodes In Cattle And Buffaloes

by Anwar Hayat Hanjra | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Muhammed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: This project was designed to find out the incidence of gastrointestinal nematodes and to chalk out the comparative efficacy of Levamisole Hcl oral and Levamisole Hcl injectable (Anthelmin powder and injection) in young buffaloes and cattle upto two years of age at Lahore and adjacent areas. The therapeutic trials were conducted on both sexes of buffaloes and cattle having moderate to heavy infection. The efficacy was evaluated on the basis of reduction in EPG (eggs per gram of the faeces) by using MoMaster technique. Out of the total 300 faecal samples collected directly from the rectum of experimental animals, 128 were positive for G.I.T nematodes and incidence was found to be 42.66%. The eggs of different species of nematodes, as Neoscaris vitulorum, Haemonch, Cooperia, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus etc. were identified from the faecal samples. It was observed that the incidence of G.I.T nematodes was 44.50% and 39.83% in buffaloes and cattle respectively. Out of the 128 positive animals ninety animals were selected for the drug trials and divided into three groups of thirty animal each i.e groups A, B and C. The anthelmin tic efficacy of Levamisol Hcl oral and Levamisol Hcl injectable against G.I.T. nernatodes was observed by administering the drug to group A and B respectively and group C was kept as non-medicated control. The efficacy was determined on basis of reduction in number of ova count discharged in faeces post medication. The percentage efficacy observed on 14th day was 96. 71% and 97. 80% in buffaloes and cattle respectively, for Levamisole Hcl oral. The efficacy was 98.62% and 98.29% in huffa1oe, and cattle respectively for Levamisole Hcl injectable. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0237,T] (1).

52. Comparative Study Of Acaricides (Ivermectin & Asuntol) For The Treatment Of Mange Mites In Sheep

by Allah Diwaya Khan | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Muhammed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Ectoparasites are major problem creaters in the smooth rearing of sheep. Ainongs the ectoparasites mange mites are of prime importance as 'they damage skin, hide and wool etc. In the present study Iverinectin and Asuntol were used for the treatment of mange mites. A single subcutaneous injection of Ivermeotin 1% at dose rate of 1 nil/adult gave a cure of 80% adjudged on day 14 post treatment. A single spray of 0.1% solution of Asuntol could eliminate the condition in 65% of the clinical cases. On the same day in the animals which were kept as control (untreated), no spontaneous recovery was noted rather the condition aggravated. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0238,T] (1).

53. Study Of Coccidiosis In Different Age Groups & Estimation Of Haemaglobin, Pcv And Total Proteins In Camels

by Ashfar-ur-Rehman | Muhammed Sarwer khan | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Mubasher | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence of coccidiosis in different age groups of camels and to estimate haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and total serum proteins in positive cases. For this purpose study was carried out on 300 animals of different age groups of camels (calves, young and adult) brought to Lahore abattoir for slaughtering during a period between June to August 1991. The investigation showed that out of 300 animals, 29 (9.66%) were positive for coocidiosis. It was also observed that infection rate was higher in calves (25.86%) than in young (5.62%) and adult camels (6.09%). The study also indicated that the prevalence of coccidiosis remained as in the month of June (8.42%), July (9.60%) end in August (11.25%). The present investigation revealed that an average haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and total serum protein were 9.2 ± 0..3g/100 ml, 35..27 ± 0.46% and 8.3 ± 1.0g/100 ml of positive animals respectively.. It was recorded that 19 animals showed decrease in haemoglobin, 6 showed increase in packed cell volume and 9 showed increase in total serum protein. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0246,T] (1).

54. Incidence Of Surra (Trypanasomiasis) & Estimation Of Blood Glucose Protein P.,C.V. Values In Camels Grought To Lahore Abbatoir

by Saleem Ahmad, S | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Asif Rabbani | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Trypanosomiasis in camels caused by T. evansi occurs in both acute and chronic forms. In chronic forms huge production loss occur, i.e lower milk and meat yields. The present study had been designed to find out the incidence of the disease and estimation of blood glucose ,P.C.V. and protein level , it will eventually lead to the control of Trypanosomiasis. For the incidence, blood samples were col- lected from Lahore abattoir and the presence of Trypa- nosome was confirmed by making smear from freshly collected blood samples from the ear vein.For the haematological study blood was collected from jugular vein in the glass tube . The values of protein , PC.V. and blood glucose was estimated by standard method. Out of 500 samples 24 were proved to be positive i.e 4.80 % sample were positive.Whereas in the month of July 1991 it comes 4.16 %,In the month of Aug. 91 estimated as 5.58 % and during Sept. 91 was estimated as 4.30 %. On examining the values of serum protein ,blood glucose and Packed Cell Volume ( P.C.V.) of the positive samples they showed slight increase in protein value ,decrease in glucose value and also reduction of P.C.V. values. Their mean values were calculated as 9.55 g/100 ml,29.07 mg/100 ml and 20.25 % respectively. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0247,T] (1).

55. Epidemiological Aspects And Treatment Trials On Black Quarter Disease In Dera Ismail Khan District

by Inam-ul-Haq | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Manzoor | Muhammed sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: An active Surveillance in D-I-Khan indicated that black quarter is prevalent in this area 3.88% in cattle and 3.16% in buffaloes. Young cattle and buffaloes are more affected than adults. Incidences of black quarter were high in non irrigated area (7.55%) than irrigated area (1.19%). Highest incidences were observed in summer season especially in July (42.77%) as compared to other seasons of the year. Wound history was reported in 36% of affected animals. Morbidity, mortality and case fatality rates of black quarter were 3.75%, 3.14% and 91.13% respectively in this area. Economic losses due to black quarter were highest (44.53%) as compared to other common livestock diseases in the area. Treatment trials of Oxytetracycline (Terramycine L.A., Pfizer, 20 mg/Kg) and amoxicilline (Clamoxyl L.A., Beecham, 15 mg/Kg) were also conducted during this study. Severity and recovery was monitored before treatment and 6th, 12th, 24th, 48th and 72ndth hours after treatment. Most common symptoms observed were lameness, high rise of temperature, swelling, hot painful initially and cold, senseless in later stages, Crepitating sounds on pressing the swelling and death with in 12-45 hours. Treatment trails indicated that Oxytetracyline (Terramycine L.A., 20 mg/kg body weight) and Amoxicilline (clamoxyl L.A., 15mg per kg body weight) both proved 95% effective. Recoery period in Oxytetracycline treated group was in the range of 18 to 72 hours while in amoxicillin treated group it was with in the range of 18 to 54 hours. Death in untreated group occurred with in the rang of 12 to 45 hours. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0248,T] (1).

56. Anthelmintic Efficacy Of Combantrin, Rintal And Ketrax Against Round Woorms And Hook Worms In Wild Felidae

by Riffat Salman | Iqbal Ahmed | Asif Rabbani | Khalid Pervaiz | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1985Dissertation note: The present work was conducted to see the efficacy of Gonibantrin, Rintal and Ketrax against raundworms i.e., Toxascaris leonina, Toxocara canis and hookworm, i.e. Ancylostoma braziliense in wild felida.e in captivity because zoological gardens are permanent source of parasitic infestation. A survey was conducted to estimate the incidence of Toxacaris leonina, Toxocara canis and Ancylostoma braziliense in 66 wild felidae kept in the Lucky Irani Circus, the Eahawalpur zoo and the Lahore zoo. The incidence rate for these parasites was 100%, 100% and zero per cent respectively in the circus; 78.57%, 75% and 35b71% respectively in the Bahawalpur zoo; 84%, 76% arid 48% respectively in the Lahore zoo. The animals showing moderate to heavy infection were selected for therapeutic trials. Three trials were conducted on 13, 16 and 15 wild felidae kept in the circus, the Eahawalpur zoo and Lahore zoo. In each experimental station four groups i.e.. A, B, C and D of animals were made. Group A, B and C were treated with Combantrin., Ketrax and Rintal respectively, while group D was kept as untreated control group.. The efficacy of the drug was determined on the basis of reduction in the number of ova discharged in the faeces on 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 30th day of post medication. Results revealed that Ketrax was the drug of choice against roundworms and hookworms, as it was found highly effective throughout the experiment. Combantrin and Rintal were also found almost equally effective against oundworms while against hookworms their efficacy was quite high upto 7th day of the experiment, later on the activity of Combantrin. lower down upto 46% on 30th day wherea.s in case of Rintal it became zero per cent. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0261,T] (1).

57. Comparative Efficacy Of Tryupanocidal Drugs And Their Effects On Some Blood Parameters In Equine Trypanosomiasis

by Noor Ahmed Khan | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Muhammed Athar Khan | Naeem Ullah | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1988Dissertation note: Trypanosomiasis causes great losses in equines, if not treated properly. This study was planned to determine the prevalence and treatment of T.evansi infection with different drugs in equines in and around Lahore. The effect of drugs on DLC and haemoglobin was also determined. For this purpose 350 healthy and suspected horses were examined. Thirty positive cases were divided into 3 equal groups. Two groups were served with two different trials, and 3rd group was kept as untreated infected control. A 4th group was kept as non-infected and untreated control. All the animals were examined at regular intervals for the presence or absence of parasites post-treatment. The DLC and haemoglobin contents were recorded just before and on day 21 post-treatment. The data so obtained was analysed statistically and results were made as under. 1) Prevalence Out of 350 horses, 37 were positive to T.evansi. The prevalence was 10.57 percent. 2) Efficacy The Suramin (Naganol Bayer) was 70% Trypanocidal on day 0 and 100Z on day 10 and 21 post treatment; while the Quinapyrainine (Trypacide N & B) was 80% effective on day 5 and 100% on day 10 and 21 post treatment. 3) DLC Harked Neutropenia with lymphocytosis was observed before tree tinent. The average values of Neutrophils were 42.5 ± 0.65.. 42.6 ± 0.61, 42.7 .± 0.65 and 61.4 .± 0.48 in the 4 groups respectively. The reduction in Neutrophils and increase in lymphocytes was 30.62% and 69.96%. On day 21 after treatment Neutrophil and lymphocyte count became 61.8 ± 0.41 and 55.1 .± 0.56 in group I and II respectively; while the group III and IV revealed no difference in their count. There was 35% increase in Eosinophils of group I, II and III before treatment, the average being 5.6 ± 0.26, 5.2 ± 0.24 and 5.4 ± 0.27 respectively: while the group IV possessed 4.00 ± 0.23% neutrophils. The eosjnophjlja tended to become normal with 29.63% decrease, average being 3.9 ± 0.4 and 3.7± 0.56 in group I and II respectively) on day 21 post-treatment; while this count remained nearly the same in group IV on same day. The Basophil count remained unchanged before and - after treatment in all the 4 groups. The average values on day 0 were 1.7 ± 0.17, 1.5 ± 0.17, 1.2 ± 0.16 and 1. 1 ± 0. 16 and on day 21 1.6 ± 0. 16, 1.1 ± 0.16, 1.5 ± 0.17 and 1.6 ± 0.2 for group I, II, III and IV respectively. 4) Haemoglobin There was 38. 78% decrease in haemoglobin content in infected animals. The average values raised up after treatment from 6.03 ± 0.17 and 6.21 ± 0.13 to 8.24 ± 015 and 7.22 ± 0.19 with Suramin (Naganol Bayer) and Trypacide N & B respectively. Suramin (Naganol Bayer) was significantly better than Trypacide N & B in that respect. There was 15.29% decrease in group III after 21 days. The haemoglobin values of group IV remained unchanged. 5) Side Effects The 40% horses treated with Suramin (Naganol Bayer) revealed signs of hypersensitivity. The 50% of animals treated with Trypacide N & B developed oedemas. at the site of injection. Note: Quinapyraroine (Trypacide N & B) was concluded to be the drug of choice for equine Trypanosomiasis. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0282,T] (1).

58. Epidemiological Aspects And Treatment Trials On Haemoglobinuria In Buffaloes And Cows In District Vehari

by Shahid Pervez | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Muhammed | Muhammed sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Epidomiological survey revealed that parturient haemoglobinuria was prevalent through out Vehari district. The prevalence of this problem was greater in buffaloes (3.12%) than cattle (0.5%). The disease mostly occured from 2 to 4 weeks after parturition. Incidences were high during Winter as compared to Summer season High milk producing buffaloes were more susceptible. Case fatality rate in bufffaloes was 48.25% while in cattle 38.46% Over all case fatality rate in buffaloes and cattle was 47.43%. Incidences were higher where management was poor Economic losses due to parturient haernoglobinuria were 13% based on total losses of common livestock diseases in buffaloes and cattle in District Vehari Treatment trials of Sodium acid phosphate (Merk) 2mg/kg body weight, (60gm/animal), Cal-D-Mag (Pfizer) at the rate of 300 ml per animal and 5% Saline Dextrose (MediPak) 1000 ml per animal were conducted during the study. Three groups were organized comprising 20 animals each .Recovery percentage of Sodium acid phosphate, Cal-D-Mag and Saline Dextrose were 85%,35% and 0% respectively. Severity and recovery were calculated before treatment and after every 24 hour interval of the treatment till the recovery/death of the animal Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0291,T] (1).

59. Anthelmentic Efficacy Of Nigellia Setiva Seeds (Kalwanji) Albendazole, Fenbendazole And Oxpendazole Against Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes In Goat

by Akmer Junid, M | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Khalid Saeed | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: The present project was designed to test the Antheimentic efficacy of Nigellia Setiva Seeds (Kalanji) at different dosage levels against nematodes in goats. During the first phase of study ant helmentic efficacy of Nigeilia Setiva Seeds (Powder) was tested at different dosage levels but anthelmentic efficacy was not observed at the dosage levels ranging from 20 mg to 5gm/kg body weight, it was concluded in the first phase of study that Nigellia Setiva Seeds has no Anthelmentic efficacy against G.I.T. nematodes in goats. During the second phase of this project clinical trials were conducted to test the anthelmentic efficacy of Nigellia Setiva Seeds (Kaiwanji), Oxfendazole (Systanex) Albendazole (Valbazene) and Fenben- dazole (Panacur) against the G.1.T. nematode infection in goat under field conditions. Result of Second experiment support the zero percent anthelmentic efficacy of NigeIlia Setiva Seeds (Powder) at the dosage level of 1 gm/kg body weight in goats. Anthelmentic efficacy of oxfendazole (4,5 mg/kg), albendazole (5mg/kg) and fenbendazole (50mg/kg) was observed to be 100%, 98.45% and 97.99% respectively against G.I.T. nematodes infection in goats. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0292,T] (1).

60. Epidemiological Investigation And Economic Losses Due To Hydropericardium Syndrome In Layer And Parent Flock In Distt. Lahore

by Tariq Javed | Muhammed Athar Khan | Muhammed | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Hydropericardium Syndrome (HPS) a newly emerged disease in poultry industry of Pakistan. The present study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology and economic losses due to HPS among commercial layer and broiler breeder flocks in Lahore district. A pre-designed proforma was used to collect the data from each farmer related to morbidity, mortality, feed brand, vaccine source, vaccination schedule, susceptable age and economic losses. Among the 41 commercial layer farms and 11 brioler breeder farms, 16 and 9 were affected with hydropericardium syndrome. The average mortality rate was 8.7% and 10.7% in commercial layers and brioler breeders respectively. Susceptibility of hydropericardium syndrome varied in different age groups in both commercial layer and brioler breeders from 3rd to 20th weeks of age and from 2nd to 14th weeks of age respectively. Vaccination against hydropericardiuni syndrome provided partial and/or no protection when inoculated either before infection or after the onset of clinical signs. Due to hydropericardium syndrome the mortality rate was higher in summer as compared to winter. Mortality was 11.5% im summer months and 6.4% in winter months in commercial layer. In broiler breeder mortality was 16.83% in summer months and 6.36% in winter months. Economic losses due to HPS was 0.35 million ruppees in 16 affected commercial layer farms maintaining 0.1 million birds and 2 million rupees in 9 affected broiler breeder farms maintaining 0.25 million birds between March 1991 to February 1992. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0295,T] (1).

61. Epidemiological Investigations And Economic Losses Of Camel Diseases In District Rajanpur

by Ayub, M | Muhammed Athar Khan | Muhammed Sarwer khan | Rashid Ahmed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: An epidemiological investigation was conducted to study the prevalence (Morbidity & Mortality) and economic importance of major/various camel diseases of district Rajan Pur. Out of a total number of 183 villages of Tehsil Rajan Pur, 10 % villages were randomly selected. The data on various camel diseases of preceding one year was collected and recorded on prescribed proforma designed particularly after directly interviewing the farmer. The blood samples of surra suspected animals were collected and serum samples were submitted to laboratory of medicine section, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore. In pursuance of present study, the data was analysed statistically and conclusions drawn were as under. Morbidity rates of various diseases were as under. Colic 0.67%., Diarrhoea 2.91%., Fractures 0.22%., Kapali 0.44%., Mange 52.24%. Paralysis 0.44%., Pneumonia 8.96%., Rheumatism 2.69%., Reproductive diseases 5.82%., Surra 12.55%., Sudden death 0.44%. and Wounds & tbsceses 3.81%. Mortality and case fatality rates were; Diarrhoea (0.22%. & 7.69%.), Kapali (0.44%. & 100%.), Mange (12.33%. & 23.60%.) Paralysis (0.44%. & 100%.), Pneumonia (1.56%. & 17.5%.) Rheumatism (0.22%. & 8.33%.), Reproductive diseases(0.67% and 11.53%.), Surra (5.38%. & 42.85%.), Sudden death (0.44%. & 100%.) and wounds and Abscesses (0.22%. & 5.88%.) respectively. Economic losses incurred due to various camel diseases in District Rajanpur during the year 1991-92 were a Colic (Rs.2250.00), Diarrhoea (Rs..23040.00), Fracture (Rs..3390.00), Kapali (Rs.18000.00), Mange (Rs.589200.00), Paralysis (Rs.11000.00), Pneumonia (Rs.74700.00), Rheumatism (Rs.25195.00), Reproductive diseases (Rs.340420.00), Surra (Rs.275440.00), Sudden death (Rs.17000.00) and Wounds & Abscesses (Rs.25760.00). Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0296,T] (1).

62. A Study Of Blood Parameters And Comparative Efficacy Of Different Fasciolicidal Drugs Against Faiscioliasis

by Atif Nazir haji | Khalid Pervaiz | Mubasher | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: A study was conducted to find out the haematological changes, total serum protein and relative efficacy of three drugs i.e. Fasinex (Ciba Giegy), Trodax (May & Baker) and Valbazen (S.K&B) against fascioliasis in naturally infected goats. The study was made from zero to 21st days in October-November, 1992. Flaematological changes were observed after examining the total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, differential leucocyte count, packed cell volume, haemoglobin estimation and total serum protein of 40 naturally infected goats in Gujranwala district. It was concluded that there was,a drop in erythrocyte count, packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration in the infected goats and a normocytic normochrornic type of anemia was detected. The study of differential leucocyte count revealed that there was marked eosinophilia with slight decrease in neutrophils and slight increase in lymphocyte count in the infected goats. Besides this, it was also noticed and recorded that there was also decrease in the total serum protein level of the same 40 infected goats which were naturally infected with fascioliasis. These goats were divided into four groups 'A', '13', 'C' and 'D' of 10 animals each for the study of the efficacy of three antifascioliatic drugs (Fasinex, Trodax, and Valbazen) at manufacturer's recommended dose rates after wards. Three groups (A, B & C) was given a separate drug on the zero day and the fourth group (D Group) was left untreated as a control. The efficacies recorded were 94.59% and 81.08% and 80.55 for Fasinex, Trodax and Valbazen respectively. The data were analysed statistically by applying the statistical technique two factors Randomized complete Block Design and least significant difference test. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0303,T] (1).

63. Drug Traisl On Escherichia Coli Isolated From Broilers

by Khaliq Shafi | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Muhammed | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Pakistan is basically an Agricultural country whose economy largely hinges upon its animal wealth. Poultry industry which Is recognized as one of the major emerging fields In the country is confronting with many a baffling malady which often leave the Industry at a growing disadvantage. Escherichla coil, one of the most abundantly Incriminated organism in avian ailments, is reckoned to be one of the major culprits that wreaks havoc on the steeply proliferating poultry industry. The present project made an effort to study the efficacy of different drugs on various prevalant strains of E. coll isolated from broilers that were submitted for postmortem at V.R.I. and C.V.S. Lahore. Twelve different antibacterial drugs which Included doxycycline, Inoxyl, oxytertracycline, ampicillin, colistin, trimethoprim, flumequlne, furazolidone, tylosin, furadantin clamoxyl and gentamicin were used to observe the sensitivity of the isolates. In-vitro gentamicin, -flumequine, inoxyl and clamoxyl emerged as drugs of choice in order of their decreasing importance in this experiment. The pathogenicity of the isolated strains was tested In Swiss white mice. After viable count, ten mice were injected intraperltonenily with the suspension of the Isolated strain at a dose rate of 0.25 ml having 3x10'8 bacteria while ten mice were kept as controls. The four best drugs were further tested for their efficiency in protecting the birds from E. coil infection. A total of 180 birds reared upto four weeks of age were divided into six groups viz. A to F, each consisting of 30 birds. Group A was kept as uninfected and untreated while to the group B infection was given but no treatment. The remaining groups I .e. C, 0, E and F after infection were treated with Inoxyl, gentamicin, clamoxyl and fiuinequine respectively. All the groups were kept under close observation and their mortality and feed efficiency was recorded. Maximum mortality was recorded in group B i.e. 54.5'l% while in the group C, 0, E and F the mortality recorded was 25%, 42.85%, 40.90% and 27.77% respectively. According to this trial Inoxyl afforded maximum protection against the Infection and proved best In relation to F.C.R. Flumequlne stood in second in the list while clamoxyl was next best drug in furnishing protection against the Infection whereas gentamicin was the least best drug in this regard. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0305,T] (1).

64. Effect Of Trypanosomiasis On Various Blood Components And Its Correlation With The Antemortem Examination Of The Camels

by Abdur Rauf | Muhammed Athar Khan | manzoor | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Trypanosomiasis in camels caused by trypanosoma evansi occurs in both acute and chronic forms. In chronic forms huge production losses occur, i.e. lower milk and meat yeilds. The present study has been designed to find out the incidence of the disease, estimation of blood, protein, glucose, total erythrocytic count, total leukocytic count, differential leukocytic count and its correlation with the antemortem examination of the camels, which will eventually lead to the control of trypanosomiasis. For the incidence, blood samples were collected from Lahore abattoir and the confirmed by making smears staind with linera stain. Out of 500 samples 31 were proved to be positive (6.20%). Haematology showed significant difference regarding its comparison with the normal averages, except eosinophils. The average values of total blood protein, total glucose, total erythrocytic count, total leukocytic count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils were found to be as 8.96 gni/lOO ml, 30.91 mg/100 ml, 6.54 millions/micro, lit, 14.29 thousands/micro. lit, 31.77%, 63.4%, 1.84%, 1.29% and 1.03 respectively. The correlation of antemortem examination with the laboratory finding of total erythrocytic count, total leukocytic count, differential leukocytic count, total protein and total glucose showed increase of blood glucose lymphocytes and total leukocytic count and decrease in total erythrocytic count, Neutrophils, and total protein with different ranges of temperature pulse, respiration, body condition and hump state. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0306,T] (1).

65. Efficacy Of Albendazole Against Fascioliosis And Its Effects On Sgot, Sgpt And Serum Bilirubin In Buffaloes

by Dilshad Hussain | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Manzoor | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: Fascioliasis causes great losses in buffaloes, if not treated. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of an anthelmintic, albendazole against the disease. The effects of the drug on serum bilirubin, SOOT and SGPT were also determined. For this purpose, 250 suspected buffaloes were selected and out of which forty positive cases having EPG above 200 were taken as infected group. The infected group was further divided into two equal groups C and D. Group C served as infected untreated control and group D was treated with albendazole. Similarly, forty healthy animals were divided into two equal groups A and B. The group A served as healthy untreated control while group B was treated with albendazole. All the animals were examined on zero day, 7th day and 14th day for the SOOT, SGPT and serum bilirubin. The ova counts per gram of faeces was performed only in infected groups on zero day, 7th day and 14th day. Albendazole (Valbazen - SK&F) was 49.2 % effective on 7th day post-medication and 84.2 % effective on 14th day post- medication. The drug had no effect on SGOT, SGPT and serum bilirubin in healthy animals which indicated that it was non toxic at its terapeutic dosage level of 10 mg/kg body weight. The drug had positive effect on SGOT,SGPT and serum bilirubin through lowering their levels in infected animals on 7th day and 14th day post-medication at dosage rate of 10 mg/kg body weight. No side effects were observed in any animals during the experiment. Hence, albendazole (Valbazen) was concluded to be the effective and safe drug against fascioliasis in buffaloes at its therapeutic dosage level of 10 mg/kg body weight. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0318,T] (1).

66. Efficacy Of Different Ionophorus Antibiotics Against Coccidiosis In Poultry

by Shafique Butt, M | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Asif Rabbani | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: Two hundred day old broiler chicks were purchased from a local hatchery and reared up to four weeks of age in hygienic conditions. After four weeks of age, chicks were divided randomly into four groups. Group A was kept as control, group B as infected non treated, group C as monensin treated and group D as salinomycin treated. After four weeks of age, chicks of group B,. C and D were infected with mixed infection of avian Eimeria species, while group A was kept as control. Signs and symptoms of coccidiosis appeared after seven days of infection. After appearance of signs and symptoms the birds of group C and D were treated with monensin and salinomycin. The effect of medication on feed consumption, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, mortality, oocyst count and dressing percentage were recorded weekly upto 7 week of age. There was significant difference (p<O.05) of feed intake between group B, C and D. Maximum feed intake was in group B, followed by group A, D and C respectively. Weight gain was maximum of group A followed by group B, D and group C respectively. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of control group A was better than all other groups while feed conversion ratio of group B (infected nontreated) was poor than all other groups. Oocysts count was zero after six days of medication in group C (monensin treated) while it was zero after eight days of treatment in group D (salinomycin treated). Oocyst count was 120,000 oocysts/gm of faeces in group B (infected nontreated) after 49 days of age. While it remained zero through out the experiment in control group (group A). Mortality was maximum (33.50%) in group B (infected non treated) followed by in group D (10.22%) and group C (6.77%) respectively. While mortality remained zero in group A (control). Dressing percentage was better in group A (69.39%) followed by group D (65.30%), group C (63.07%) and group B (60.01%) respectively. Observing the effects of monensin and salinomycin on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, mortality, oocysts count and dressing percentage in experimentally infected (coccidiosis) chickens, it was concluded that monensin has comparatively better results than salinomycin. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0319,T] (1).

67. Chemotherapy Of Fascioliosis With Nitroxynil And Estimation Of Serum Bilirubin & Sgot Levels In Sheep And and Goats

by Ayaz Wazir, Malik | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Muhammed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Fascioliasis is one of the major economically important diseases affecting a mass population of sheep and goats in Pakistan. The present study was designed to find out the prevalence of fascioliasis in N.W.F.P., and the serum bilirubin and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activities in sheep and goats before and after treatment with Nitroxynil. In this study out of 240 sheep and 360 goats forty sheep (16.667.) and forty goats (11.117.) were found positive for fascioliasis, by applying direct smear and zinc sulphate floatation technique. The eggs per gram of faeces were done by Mc Master eggs counting technique. Serum samples of forty sheep and forty goats positive for fascioliasis and twenty sheep and twenty goats negative for the same were examined for bilirubin and SGOT activities before & after medication with Nitroxynil with a dose rate of 1 ml/20 kg body weight, sub cutaneously. The drug was highly effective in all the infected groups of the animals in eradication of fascioliasis. The efficacy of the drug in the form of the eggs per gram of faeces count was determined and was recorded as 83.907. in sheep and 85.977. in goats. The mean serum bilirubin value of group "C6" was 0.24 mg/dl, which raised to 0.61 mg/dl, in group "A and to 1.19 mg/di in group "Be". Serum Bilirubin levels of group "Co" was 0.25 mg/dl at day zero while it was 0.69 mg/dl in group "Ag" and 1.09 mg/dl in group "Eg" animals on the same day. The mean serum bilirubin values of group "C5 and Cg" remained unchanged after 14 days of treatment, while these values were 0.33 mg/dl and 0.33 mg/di in groups "As & Ag" respectively, after 14-days of medication. Similarly in groups "Ba & 8g" the reduction in serum bilirubin after 14- days post treatment also occured and the mean values were recorded as 0.62 mg/di and 0.52 mg/dl respectively. Pre-medication mean serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activities in group "C5 and Cg" were 40.14 units/mi and 40.15 units/mi respectively. The level of SOOT in these groups remained unchanged after medication, while serum 60T values were 86.95 units/mi and 80.77 units/mi in group "As and AQ" and were 96.75 units/mi and 106.27 units/mi in group "B5 and Bg" respectively, before treatment. After 14 days of treatment with Nitroxynii the SOOT values of the above groups were significantly reduced, and the values recorded were 70.00 and 54.89 units/mi in "A5 and Ag" and 75.47 and 57.88 units/mi in group "Be, Bg" respectively. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0328,T] (1).

68. The Efficacy Of Ivomec Injection, A Broad Spectrum Anthelmintic, Against Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes & Lung Work In Sheep

by Karamat Ullah | Muhammed sarwer Khan | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Mubasher | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: A study was conducted to find outs the efficacy of a newly introduced, ((in Pakistan ) broad-spectrum anthelminitic injection i.e. ivomec (ivermactin H.S.D. Agvet) against the naturally infected sheep in District Guiranwala, Which were very heavily infected with G.I.T. nemtodes and lung worms. The animals were emaciated, in Diarrhoe-al condition, rough wool coat and with cough. (confirmed by feacel egg and larval count examinations). In total 90 sheep were rendemly selected for this study. They were divided into three equal group each containing 30 animals namely A, B. & C. (Group A positive for G.I.T. nematode infection, group B positive for lung worm infection and group C kept as non-medicated infected control). Group C was further divided into group C1, kept as control against the nematode infected group & Group C2 kept as control against the lung worms infected group. The drug was used according to the manufacturer recommended dosage i.e. 0.2 mg/kg body weight injection by sub-contaneous route. The drug revealed a high efficacy (100%) against the G.I.T. nematodes and lung' worm infection. The egg counting and larval of lung worms counting was performed on the 0, 3rd, 7th and 10 day of the treatment. The E.P.G. and larval count was 0 at 3rd, 7th and 10th day of treatment which indicated that this drug was 100% effective against- G.I.T. nematodes and lung worms. A 0.75 kg weight gain was seen in the treated groups while animals of control groups reduced weight. No side effects of medicine were recorded during the experiment. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0329,T] (1).

69. Effect Of Milk Fever On Serum Calcium, Phosphorus And L.D.H. In Cattle And Buffaloes

by Saeed, M | Muhammed sarwer Khan | Muhammed Younas Chaudry | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: In this study affect of milk fever was investigated on serum creatine phospholinase (C .P .K.) and lactic dehdrogenase (L .D .H). The experiments were performed on 50 cows/buffaloes affect with this disease. 50 healthy animals were also investigated as a control group. Blood samples were collected directly from the diseased animals. Serum was separated from the blood by the method of centrifugation at the rate of 3000 r.p.m - The serum samples were stored at -20oC in the freezer. The analysis were done by the help of special kits and spectrophotometer. This whole work of analysis was performed in the medicine laboratory at college of veterinary Sciences Lahore. The results of diseased and healthy animals were calculated. This research shows that during the milk fever the calcium level becomes low than the normal. The serum creatine phosphokinase (C.P.K) and Lactic dehydrogenase (L.D.H) are two body enzymes. The activity of these enzymes was elevated than the normal. The mean value of the calcium in 50 diseased animals was 4.90 mg/dl (Which is low than normal). the mean value of the serum enzyme creatine phosphokinase (CP.K) was 306.54 u/i (Which is high than the normal) . The mean value of serum enzyme lactic dehydrogenase (L.D.H) was 1890.42 (which is high than normal. It was investigated to see the effect of hypocalcemia on two body enzymes the C.P.K and L.D.H. At the end of the study of this research the laboratory data shows that ultimately thre is an elevation in the activities of the said enzymes. Which is a great investigation for the diagnostic data of the milk fever. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0330,T] (1).

70. Epidemiological Investigation Into Economically Important Livestock Diseases In District Murdan

by Ibrahim, M | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Mubasher | Muhammed Athar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: An active surveillance was conducted in Tehsil Mardan. The data was collected by a Survey on the basis of comprehensive questionnaire through personal interview of livestock owners at their places. In pursuance of the present study the data was analysed and the main conclusions drawn were as under. The incidence, mortality and fatality rates due to H.S. were in young buffaloes 10.89% 10.39% and 95.45% respectively. In adult buffaloes were 5.92%, 4.24% and 71 .73% respectively. The incidence, mortality and fatality rates in young cattle were 2.45%, 2.30%, 93.75% respectively. While in adult cattle it was 1 .28%, 0.64% and 50% respectively. The Mortality rates of various diseases were as Black quarter disease 0.61% in Young and 0.88% in adult cattle. Haemoglobinurea in buffalo 0.32% and in cows 0.10% Diarrhoea in Buffalo 0.14% and in cattle was 0.21%, while diarrhoea in sheep 1.59% and in goats 1.12% post-parturient prolapse in buffalo 0.65% and 0.20% in cows. In case of foot and mouth disease in young buffaloes incidence was 14.52% and in adult 15.05%. In cattle incidence was 15.33% in young and in adult 13.97%. The incidence of mastitis in buffaloes, cattle and goats were 3.60% 2.51% and 2.65% respectively. In case of milk fever the incidence in buffaloes was 2.78% and 0.70% in cows. Similarly, the incidence in case of preparturient prolapse was 3.92% and 1 .30% respectively. The incidence of abortion in buffaloes and cattle was 1.14% and 1.20% respectively, while in case of sheep and goats it was 1 .84% and 2.65% respectively. In case of Enterotoxaemia in young goat the morbidity, mortality and fatality rates were 8.56% 7.37% and 86.00% respectively. In adult goats 6.99%, 5.54% and 79.31% respectively. In case of young sheep incidence, mortality and fatality rates were 5.62%, 5.29% and 94.11%, while in adult sheep it was8.83%, 6.41% and 72.51% respectively. A monetary toss of Rs. 9,44,992/- was estimated annually in buffaloes, cattle sheep and goats due to various diseases in surveyed area in District Mardan. It was evident from the information gathered from the respondents that the livestock owners residing at distant places from a veterinary Hospital were not able to utilize the hospital facilities properly. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0334,T] (1).

71. Comparative Efficacy Of Roux-En-Y Technique With And Without Vagatomy For Pyloric Abnormalities In Dogs

by Stephen Christoper Watts | Dr.Mazhar Iqbal | Dr.Muhammad Younas Ch | Dr.Zafar Iqbal | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1992Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0337,T] (1).

72. Efficacy Of Ivermectin Against Ecto & Endo Parasites In Equine

by Hameed, A | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Asif Rabbani | Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The project was designed to find out the efficacy of ivermectin against ecto. and endoparasites in equine. Fifty naturally infested equine were selected for treatment trials and divided into three groups i.e., A (endoparasites) 20 animals, B (ectoparasites) 20 animals and C (both endo. and ectoparasites) 10 animals. The comparative anthelmintic trials were conducted on 20 gastro-intestinal nernatodes infested animals of group A (A-i and A-2). 10 animals (group A-I) were medicated with Ivomec mi. (0.2 mg/kg body weight.) subcutaneously and 10 animals (group A-2) were administered with Rintal granulate (6 mg/kg body weight) orally in feed. The percentage efficacy was based on the reduction in number of egg discharged in faeces, post-medication. The percentage efficacy observed was 99.26% and 95.65% in the animals medicated with Ivomec inj. and Rintal granulate respectively on 14th day of post medication. The comparative acaricidal drug trials were conducted on 20 ectoparasitic infested equine of group B (B-i and 13-2). 10 animals (group B-i) were injected subcutaneously with Ivomec (0.2 mg/kg body weight) and 10 animals (group B-2) were once sprayed with Asuntol 0.1% solution. The cure percentage was determined on the basis of negative skin scraping samples on 14th day oF post- treatment. The cure percentage was 70% and 50% in the animals treated with ivomec inj. and Asuntol solution spray respectively. The efficacy of Ivomec subcutaneous injection (0.2 mg/kg body weight) was assessed in the 10 animals of group C infested with both G.I.T. nernatodes and ectoparasites. On the 14th day of postmedication the drug was l00% effective against G.I.T. nematodes and 80% against ectoparasites in equine. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0339,T] (1).

73. Prevalence Of Lymnaea Snails, In Lahore District, & Their Eradication By A Molluscicide Copper Sulphate

by Talib Hussain, Mughal | Dr. mhammad sarwar khan | Dr. Haji ahmad | Dr. Khalid parvez | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The study was designed to know about the prevalence of the Lymnaea snails, identification of infected and non infected snails with intermediate stages of liver fluke and to recommend suitable copper sulphate dilution i.e. lmg/66 and lmg/lOO as molluscicide under laboratory and experimental pond conditions. One thousand snail/tern specimens were collected, 200 from each of four ponds and a natural habitat. The snails were collected fortnightly between October 1992 to March 1993. Prevalence of Lymnaea species was found to be 42.36% and infection of Lymnaea snails with intermediate stages of hepatica ranged between 37.50% and 68.75% in five habitats studied during the period from October 1992 to March 1993. copper sulphate dilution lmg/lO0 ml (10 PPM) was found to be effective as molluscicide and safe for other aquatic fauna and vegetation. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0346,T] (1).

74. A Profile Of Serum Albumin, Serum Globulin And Total Leukocytic Count In Prepubertal Buffalo Calves

by Ashraf, M | Muhammed Athar Khan | Khalid Pervaiz | Shahkeel Akhtar | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: One hundred and fifty samples each coagulated and non- coagulated blood were collected from 0-5 months of age buffalo calves (100 healthy and 50 diseased buffalo calves). The samples were analysed for total Serum protein, Serum albumin, Serum globulin and Total Leukocytic Count by using Biuret method, BCG method and standard techniques of Coles for Total Leukocytic Count. The mean Total Serum Protein values for healthy buffalo calves (0-5 months of age) ranged between 5.407 to 7.446 g/dl. A gradual increase in Total Serum Protein levels was observed with an increase of age. The Total Serum Protein values for diseased buffalo calves varied as compared t healthy calves. A decrease in mean Total Serum Protein levels (6.409 ± 0.343) was associated with diarrhoea, heat storke and round worm infestation, as compared to the mean Total Serum Protein levels in healthy calves (6.657 ± 0.327). An increase in Total Serum Protein level (5.780 g/dl) was observed during 1st month of age as compared to healthy calves (5.407 g/dl). This increase was due to dehydration. A gradual increase in mean Serum albumin levels 2.255 to 3.353 g/dl (2.792 ± 0.177) was observed in healthy buffalo calves 0-5 months of age. A significant (P < 0.05) difference in Serum albumin values was observed in all age groups both in healthy and diseased buffalo calves except 5th month of age. A decrease in mean Serum albumifl levels (2.499 ± 0.173) was observed in calves suffering from diarrhoea, heat storke round worm infestation. The mean Serum globulin levels observed in healthy buffalo calves (0-5 months of age) ranged between 3.210 to 4.085 g/dl (3.621 ± 0.181). These Serum globulin levels showed a gradual increase with increase in age of buffalo calves An Increase in mean Serum globulin levels (3 86 ± 0 163) was observed in diseased buffalo calves as compared to healthy calves in all age groups. The diseased calves were associated vith diarrhoea, heat storke and round worm infestation. A gradual increase in mean Total Leukocytic Count (9.222 ± 0.168 x 103/microliter) was observed with an increase of age in healthy buffalo calves (0-5 months of age). A significant (P<0.05) increase in mean Total Leukocytic Count (10.096 ± 0.229) was observed in calves suffering from diarrhoea, heat storke'and round worm infestation. From the foregoing it. was concluded that these blood parameters are important tools in investigation/diagnosis of many diseases. Further more these parameters enable us to understand and compare the levels of humoral and cellular defensive components in a natural farm condition in buffalo calves before the age of puberty. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0347,T] (1).

75. Anthelmintic Efficacy Of Caesalpinia Crista, Ivermactin, Levemisole And Oxfendazole Against Toxocara Vitulorum

by Saeed Ahmad sindhu | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Haji Ahimad | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present project was designed to test the anthelmintic efficacy of Caesalpinia crista Linn. seed (Karanjwa) at different dosage levels against Toxocara vitualorum infection in buffalo calves. During the both phases of first experiment, anthelmintic efficacy of Caesalpinia crista Linn. seed (powder) was tested at different dosage levels but anthelmintic efficacy was not observed at the dosage levels ranging from 2 gm to 6 gm/kg body weight. It was concluded in the first experiment that Caesalpinia crista Linn. seeds have no anthelmintic efficacy against Toxocara vitulorum infection in buffalo calves. During the second experiment clinical trials were conducted to test the anthelmintic efficacy of Caesalpinia crista Linn. seeds (Karanjwa), Ivermectin (Ivomec), Levamisole (Anthelmine) and Oxfendazole (Systarnex) against Toxocara vitulorum infection in buffalo calves under field conditions. Again results of second experiment support the zero percent (0%) anthelmintic efficacy of . crista Linn seeds (Powder) at the dosage level of 4 gm/kg body weight against vitulorum in buffalo calves. Anthelmintic efficacy of Ivermectin. (Ivomec, I ml/50 kg body weight), Levamisole (Anthelmine 1 ml/15 mg body weight) and oxfendazole (systamex 1 ml/5 kg body weight) was observed to be 99.30%, 98.30% and 100% respectively against Toxocara vitulorum infection in buffalo calves. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0360,T] (1).

76. Comparative Study Of Oral And Parenteral Therapies Of Experimentally Induced Spirochaetosis In Broiler Chicken

by Shaif abdo Salem | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Ather Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: With rapid progress in commercial poultry farming the need to control poultry diseases, spirochaetosis is responsible for heavy economic losses with a mortalitry rate of 60 to 80 percent. (Mc Neil 1949).The disease is caused by Borrelia anserina and is of worldwide in distributed,whereever the tick Argas Percicus, which acts as the intermediate host is present. This disease has characteristic symptoms of pyrexia, weakness,drowziness, anaemia, diarrhea, emaciation,paralysis, and finally death (Marcos et al 1946) The bfrdswhich survive remain weak,ariaemic, emaciated, and do not thrive well.This disease is of great economic importance in the poultry industry and it causes great financial ioss.It is therefore,inspective that an effective and economical treatment be devised to eradicate this problem. This experiment.was conducted on 120 A grade day old chicks,which were reared under ideal hygienic condition.At the age of four weeeks the birds were divided into six equal groups, A, B, C, D, E and F with 20 bires in each respective group: Group A (Non-infected , non-medicated B (Infected and non-medicated) C (Infected and medicated with Pencillin) G (parenterally) D (Infected and medicated with oxytetracyclin parenterally) E (Infected and medicated with oxytetracyclin orally) F (Infected and medicated with Amoxyclin Clomaxal orally) Except for group A which was the control, all the remaining five groups showed the typical signs of the disease after 48 hours of in oculatiori. In Group 13, the mortality rate was 40% ,Group C had a 20% mortality rate at 96 hours.Cure was l0O%.Group D had a 25% mortality and 100% cure at 96 hours post inoculation.Group E had a 30% mortality rate which was the highest of all the groups and curative rate 80%.The Group F had a 15% mortality which was the lowest record in all the six groups.It had 100% cuire at 96 hours. From the results of this experiment it could be concluded that the 1\moxycillin (Clomoxal) was drug of choice. Penicillin G and Oxytetracycline (Terramycin orally ) showed the poorest results. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0364,T] (1).

77. Study On Fasciioliasis With Estimation Of Haemoglobin & Total Serum Proteins In Camels Brought To Lahore Abbatoir

by Maj. Naeem Ahmed Janjua | Dr. muhammad Sarwar Arkhan | Dr. Ch | Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence of fascioliasis in different age groups of camels and to estimate the haemoglobin concentration and total serum protein levels in positive cases and also equal number of negative cases. For this purpose study was carried out on 512 camels of different age groups (calve, young and adult) brought to Lahore Abattoir for slaughtering during a period between May to July 1993. The investigations revealed that out of 512 camels, .50 (9.76%) were positive for fascioliasis. It was observed that infection rate was higher in adult ( 10.68%) than in young (8.98%) and calf camels (7.27%). The study also indicated that the prevalence qf fascioliasis in months of May June and July was 9.20%, 10.55% and 9.46% respectively. The present investigations reveled that an average haemoglobin concentration was 7.5 g/100 ml with a range of 4.1 - 10.3 g/100 ml (Table 8) and total serum protein level on average was 7.6 g/100 ml of positive camels with a range of 5.1 - 9.6 (Table 7). The negative blood samples of 50 camels were also examined for the estimation of haemoglobin concentration and total serum protein levels. The mean values of haemoglobin concentration indicated by the studies was 13.1 g/100 ml ranging between 12.2 - 14.1 g/100 ml (Table 12 and 13). Total serum protein mean value revealed by the study was 6.7 g/100 ml and it ranged between 6.2 - 7.4 g/100 ml (Table 14 and 15). Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0367,T] (1).

78. Efficacy Of Amoxicillin Trihydrate Against Haemorrhogic Septicaemia Under Field Conditions In Buffalo Calves

by Sharif Masih | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. MuhammadSarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: This project was designed to study the efficacy of anoxicillin trihydrate (Claiioxyl L.A. Beechaji) and sulfadinidine 33.3% (Diadine, Pfizer) against Haemorrhagic Septieaemia in Buffalo calves under field conditions. Thirty animals were treated with axioxicillin and thirty with sulfadimidine. Pasteürella Lultocida was isolated from these animals using tryptose ager in the laboratory and their pathogenicity was also tested in rabbits.. Severity index of each animal was recorded before and after treatment based on clinical symptoms of disease exhibited by each animal. Improvement in disease condition leading to death or recovery were recorded for each group. Results of these trials indicated that anoxicillin at the rate of 15mg/kg was 93.33% effective in the improvement of clinical cases where as sulfadimidine (200mg/kg) was 40% effective. Sulfadimidinè was not effective in the later stages of the disease whereas anoxicillin was effective in early as well as later stages of the disease. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0368,T] (1).

79. Effect Of Experimentally Induced Coccidiosis On Some Blood Parameters And Its Treatment With Embazin & Coxistac In Quails

by Anwaar Hussain, Syed | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Asif | Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: This project was designed to study the effects of experimentally induced coccidisis on some blood parameters and its treatment with Embazin and coxistac in Quails. For this purpose 300 day old quail chicks were obtained from a local hactchery and raised under standard, controlled coccidia free conditions. A commercial coccidiostat free feed was provide. At the age of 21 days. birds were divided into 4 groups comprising 60 birds each and shifted from brooder into a multistorey cage and grouped as tinder:Group A (60 quails) Infected and medicated with Embazin. Group B (60 quails) Infected and medicated with Coxistac. Group C (60 quails) Infected and non-medicated. Group D (60 quails) Non-infected-Non-medicated. Birds of group A, B and C were infected with 1 ml of coccidial inoculum having 50,000 sporulated oocysts given directly into crop. Group D was kept as control group. On fourth day post infection birds of all infected groups showed disease symptoms and at that time groups A and B was medicated with Embazin and Coxistac respectively. Four samples of blood and faeces were collected from each group on zero day, 5th day and 9th day of medication. In groups A and B Haemoglobin and Total Erythrocytic Count was lowered on 5th day and then increased on 9th day of medication oocyst count was Nil on 9th day of medication in group A and 92.30% reduction percentage was there is in group B. Haemoglobin and Total Erythrocytic Count decreased in group C upto 9th day ofmedication but oocyst count increased in this group. Increase percentage was 7.14% on 5th day and 14.28% on 9th day of medication. In group D Haemoglobin andTotal Erythrocytic Count remained almost constant and oocyst count was found Nil throughout the experimental period. The best feed conversion Ratio of 3 was recorded in group D whereas group "C" which was infected but not treated showed worst feed conversion ratio i.e. 4. Group A & B revealed intermediate F.C.R. of 3.6 and 3.8 respectively. Hishest mortality of 33.33% was recorded in group C, 13% in group B and 11.66% in group A. In group D mortality was Nil. From the findings of study it was concluded that Embazin was drug of choice for the treatment of coccidiosis in quails. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0372,T] (1).

80. Efficacy Of Triclabendazole Against Fascioliasis In Sheep And Goat Under The Field Conditions

by Haleem Hasan, Shah | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Haji Ahmad | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0374,T] (1).

81. Comparative Efficacy Of Nitrofurans, Sulphadimidine & Monensin Against Coccidiosis In Sheep & Goats Under Field Conditions

by Anselm Lewis, Khokhar | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Haji Ahmad | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present work was designed to study the comparative efficacy of Nitrosol, Suiphadimidine and Monensin against naturally infected sheep and goats with coccidiosis. Forty sheep and forty goats (infected) were selected and divided into four groups each i.e. S1, 2, S3, 84 and G, 02, G, 04 respectively. The animals of groups S and were treated with nitrosol 15 mg/kg body weight, S2 and 02 with sulphadimidine 140 mg/kg body weight, S3 and G with monensin 5 mg/kg body weight daily for five days. The sheep and goats in groups S4 and G4 were not medicated and served as control. The oocyst count per gram of faeces were compared on the 7th, 15th and 21st day of post medication. The oocyst count was reduced in groups S, S2, and S3 by 95.79%, 99.53% and 85.81% and in groups 1, G by 95.97%, 99.60% and 85.01%. The oocyst count in infected untreated control groups S4 and 04 increased. All the three anticoccidials tested gave appreciable response in reduction of oocyst counts but suiphadimidine was found to be the best amongst the three drugs. Nitrosol proved to be the 2nd whereas monensin proved to be the third in efficacy against coccidiosis in sheep and goats. No side affects of these drugs were observed) it is suggested that further research should be planned to test the efficacy of other anticoccidial drugs like lasalocid, amprolium colpidol, robenidine coxistac etc. under local conditions to select new drugs against coccidiosis in sheep and goats. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0376,T] (1).

82. Comparative Efficacy Of Various Drugs Against Experimentally Induced Mycoplasmosis In Quails

by Ayaz Issac J.S.Lall | Dr. Khalid Pervez | Dr. Hajid | Dr. Mohammad Athar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0377,T] (1).

83. A Profile Of Serum Albumin, Globulin Ratio, Total And Differential Leukocytic Count In 6-10 Months Old Buffalo Calves

by Khalid Hameed, Chughtai | Dr. M. Athar Khan | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: One hundred arid fifty samples of each coagulated and non- coagulated blood were collected from buffalo calves (100 healthy and 50 diseased buffalo calves) of 6 to 10 months of age The samples were analysed for total serum protein, serum albumin, serum globulin and total leuckocytic count by applying Biuret method with commercial kit (Proti) using a spectrophotorneter, and standard techninques of Cole for total leuckocytic count. The mean total serum protein values for healthy buffalo calves of 6 to 10 months of age were observed between 5.4 19 to 7.468 g/dl. A gradual increase in totalserum protein levels was observed with an increase of age. The total serum protein values for diseased buffalo calves varied as compared to healthy calves. A decrease in mean total serum protein levels. (6.189) was associated with malnutrition, diarrhoea, fever and Fasciollosis as compared to the mean total serum protein levels in healthy calves (6.404). An increase in total serum protein level (5.793 g/dl and 7.576 g/dl) were observed during 6th and 10th month of age as compared to healthy calves (5.419 g/dl and 7.468 g/dl). This increase was due to dehydration. A gradual increase in mean serum Albumin levels 2.458 to 3.449 g/dl was observed in healthy buffalo calves of 6 to 10 months of age. A significant (P < 0.05) difference in serum albumin values was observed in all age groups both in healthy and diseased buffalo calves. A decrease in serum albumin levels (2.516) was observed In calves suffering from malnutrition, diarrhoea, fever and fasciollosis. The mean serum globulin levels observed in healthy buffalo calves of 6-10 months of age was observed between 3.218 to 4.144 g/dl. These serum globulin levels showed a gradual increase with increase in age of buffalo calves. An increase in serum globulin level (3.898) was observed in diseased buffalo calves as compared to healthy calves in all age groups. The diseased calves were saffertig from malnutrition, diarrhoea, fever and fasciollosis. A significant (P <0.05) difference in serum globulin values was observed in age group of 6th month of age in healthy and diseased buffalo calves whereas in all other groups it was non-significant. The mean total leukocytic count hveIs observed in healthy buffalo calves of 6 to 10 months of age ranged between 8.765 to 9.655x103 microliter. A gradual increase iii mean total leukocytic count (9.26) x 103 microlitre was observed with an increase of age in healthy buffalo calves of 6 to 10 months of age. An increase in total leukocytic count level (10.966) was observed in diseased buffalo calves as compared to healthy calves in all age groups. A significant (P <0.05) increase in total leukocytic count was observed in calves suffering from diarrhoea, fever and fasciollosis. From the above mentioned facts it was concluded that these blood parameters are important tools in investigation/diagnosis of many diseases. These parameters enable us to understand and compare the leveI of humoral and cellular defensive components in a natural farm co idition in buffalo calves of 6 to 10 months of age. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0379,T] (1).

84. Efficacy Of Ivermectin (Ivomec) Against Mange Mites And Warbles In Goats

by Saleem Qasur | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0380,T] (1).

85. An Epidemiological & Haematological Correlation Between Healthy & Tuberculous Indigenous Birds

by Azeem Ijaz | Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Dr. Asif | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: A total of 250 desi birds, selected randomly, from different villages of district Lahore, were divided into two groups. The group-I composed of 125 apparently healthy birds whereas 125 apparently weak and emaciated birds were present in group-IT. Avian tuberculin test was employed to diagnose the tuberculosis. A 0.1 ml of avian tuberculin (MCSM) procured from VRI, Lahore, was injected into left wattle whereas right wattle was kept as uninjected control and test was read after 48 hours. Only 6 birds (2.4%), all belonged to group-IT, were found tuberculin positive. Haematological studies of these six tuberculin positive birds were carried out along with 10 healthy desi birds for comparison. There was decrease in erythrocytic count (EC), haemoglobin value (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV). The average values of EC, Hb and PCV of infected birds were 1.94x106/µ1, 8.86 g/dl and 22.69% respectively. On the other hand, leukocytic count (LC) was increased and found to be 37.33x10/il on average. A significant change in differential leukocytic count (DLC) was also observed with an increase in the proportion of polymorphs and monocytes and fall in lymphocytes. The lymphocyte to heterophils ratio was the inverse of that in healthy birds. On post-mortem, a large number of tubercles of varying size were noticed on liver, spleen and intestines. No birds showed lung lesion except one. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0389,T] (1).

86. Bioavailability Of Gentamicin In Male Buffalo Calves

by Hasan Raza, S | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Prof. Dr. Saghir | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin sulphate were investigated in the same 20-male buffalo calves heal thy after intravenous administration and after intramuscular administration. The blood samples were collected at various time intervals following administration of single dose of 4 mg/kg. The concentrations of Gentamicin in serum samples were determined according to the microbiological assay described by Arret (1971). The plasma concentrations of gentarnicin at different time intervals after injections were plotted on semi-logarithmic graph paper. The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated according to the method described by Gibaldi (1984). Results were expressed as mean ± SD. The peak concentration of 11.273 ± 0.4976 µg/ml reached in 31.092 ± 1.217 minutes after intramuscular injection. Keeping intravenous as standard the relative bioavailability after injection was 82.5%. The half-life was 97.29 ± 5.259 minutes after I/v injection mean ± SD, volume of distribution was 202.36 ± 8.486 ml/kg/ The volume of distribution at steady stage (Vdss ) was 214.67 ± 20.99 ml/mm. The total body clearance of gentamicin was 1.7382 ± 0.0738 ml/kg. Pharmacokinetics parameters of gentamicin were seemed to be independent of rout of administration at the dosage level applied. The pharmacokinetics evaluation by compartmental method and non-compartmental method was not found significantly different. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0390,T] (1).

87. A Study On The Prevalence Of Mange In Camels And Its Effects On Some Blood Parameters During Winter Months

by Bashir Ahmad | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Khalid | Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Camel is a versatile creature of the Nature. Its population in Pakistan is 9,58,047 heads. Its importance is obvious from the facilities which it provides to the mankind e.g. transportation and ploughing facilities, lifting of water and pulling of carts, provision of milk meat and earning of foreign exchange. But. on the other hand, camel is ignored in provision of better managernental facilities due to which it is facing many disease problems. Similarly, camel is also ignored by our scientists and a little research work has been done on camel in the world. Keeping in view all these factors, this project was designed to see the prevalence of mange in camel. This study also include haematological changes in camel blood suffering from mange. This study was conducted during winter months of the 1992 at Lahore abattoir. For the prevalence of mange, 150 camels suspected for mange were selected and their skin scrapings and blood was collected. Skin scraping was examined with the help of microscope at Laboratory of Medicine Section, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore. During the study 19 camels out of 150 were found positive to mange and this is calculated as 12.66%. Regarding the 2nd portion of the study, blood of 19 mange infected cases were analysed for total leukocytic count (TLC), differential leukocytic count (DLC) and erythrocytic sedimentation rate (ESR). At the same time blood of 19 mange free camels was also examined and it was found that due to mange infection, TLC values were increased. In case of DLC, Eiosinophils and lymphocytes showed increase in their number. ESR was also increased due to infection of mange in camels. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0403,T] (1).

88. Prevalence Of Lungworm Infestation (Dictycaulus Spp.) And Its Effect On Some Blood Parameters Of Camels During Months Of October December.

by Aslam, M | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Asif | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: Camel is a versatile creature of the nature. Its population in Pakistan is 9,58,047 heads. Its importance is obvious from the facilities which it provides to the mankind e.g. transportation and ploughing facilities, lifting of water and pulling of carts, provision of milk meat and earning of foreign exchange. But on the other hand, camel is ignored in provision of better managemental facilities due to which it is facing many disease problems. Similarly, camel is also ignored by our scientists and a little research work has been done on camel in the world. Keeping in view all these factors, this project was designed to see the prevalence of lungworm infection in camel. This study also included haematological changes in camel blood suffering from lungworm infection. This study was conducted during the months of OctoberDecember, 1993 at Lahore abattoir. For the prevalence of lungworm infection, 150 camels suspected for lungworm infection were selected and their faecal and blood samples were collected. Regarding the prevalence of lungworm infection through faecal examination the results of present investigation show that occurrence of lungworm infection in camels is 6.00%, i.e. 9 camels out of 150 suspected were found positive. The mean values of haematological examination were observed i.e. Total leukocytic count (31.62 thousand/cm.mm), Differential leukocytic count - Neutrophils 67.88%, Eosinophils 28.77%, Basophils 3.66%, Lymphocytes 65.88%, Monocytes 5.55%, and ESR 12.20 mm/hour. Blood of camels negative to lungworm infection showed total leukocytic count mean value 19.30 thousand/cu.mm, Differential leukocytic count - Neutrophils 47.00%, Eosinophils 8.88%, Basophils 1.88%, Lymphocytes 38.55%, Monocytes 4.22% and ESR 1.85 mm/hour. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0405,T] (1).

89. Estimation And Correlation Of Protein, Differential Leukocyte Count (Dlc) And Total Leukocyte Count (Tlc) In The Blood And Milk Of Sub Clinically Mastitic Buffaloes

by Fakhar uz Zaman | Dr. Mohammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Dr. Shakil | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: One hundred milk samples from mastitic buffaloes brought for treatment to outdoor Ward of the College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore and adjacent areas were examined for their total blood protein, total blood leukocytic count, blood differential leukocytic count, milk whey protein, milk total leukocytic count and milk differential leukocytic count. Total protein, total leukocyte count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils in blood gave their average as 6.84 gm/100ml, 4036 cells/mi, 48.17%, 48.32%, 2.34%, 0.69% and 0.48% respectively. Total whey protein, total leukocytic count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils in milk showed their average values as 1.02 gm/l00ml, 4665000 cells/mi 70.42%, 24.19%, 3.45%, 1.30% and 0.37% respectively. Correlation between blood and milk protein, total leukocytic count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils were estimated as -0.929, 0.962, 0.952, 0.985, -0.203, 0.060 and 0.284 respectively, which gave an increase of total whey protein, neutrophils in blood, neutrophils in milk and milk total leukocyte count and decrease of total blood protein, total blood leukocytes and lymphocytes in milk and blood. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0406,T] (1).

90. Epidemiological, Serological And Hematological Investigations In An Out Break Of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea And Foot

by Ghaffar Khan, A | Dr. Muhammad Athar Khan | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: After an outbreak of a vesicular disease in Lahore District a demoninator based active surveillance was conducted in four villages. During and after the epidemic and the homesteads were visited and interviewed from door to door. The total number of animals kept by the farmers (N = 1537) and the affected number of animals (n= 1384) by age, sex and species were enquired from the farmers and recorded on a questionnaire proforma. The clinical signs of the affected animals and their sequence were recorded. Epidemiological investigations revealed that morbidity rate of 66.94% (n=867/1537) was higher in buffaloes than cattle which was 48.34% (n=117/242). Young animals of both species were more susceptible than adults. Morbidity rate in young cattle was 50.64% (n=39) in 77 animals but in case of adult cattle amongst the total population of 165 morbidity rate was 47.27% (n=78). In case of young buffaloes 290 (69.37%) out of 418 animals while in case of adult buffaloes morbidity rate was 63.51% (557/877). Case fatality rate was observed higher 42.85% (363/847) in buffaloes than the cattle which was 26.65 % (37/117). Frequency of clinical signs observed was found as depression (63.30%), mucosa diffusely red (61.87%), anorectic (61.48%), muzzle hyperimic encrusted (61.09%), erosions (58.49%), laminitis (56.73%), temperature 101-105°F (54.26%), drooling (53.35%), shivering (44.82%), mistitis (38.51%), temperature 105-107°F (6.18%), polypnea (5.79%), temperature 101-103°F (4.35%), cough (3.38%), diarrhoea (2.40%), subnormal (0.71%) and abortion (0.65%). In this project 160 animals affected from the disease, 80 of each species, were selected for hematological and serological investigations. Forty healthy animals were observed as control. Blood samples from the affected Buffaloes were tested for the total erythrocytic count (TEC), total leukocytic count (TLC), packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and differential leukocytic count (DLC) i.e. neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, basophils and their average values were observed as 3.56 ± 0.31 x 106/ul (5.18 x 106/ul), 4.90 ± 1.22 x 103/ul (6.45 x 103/ul), 26.59 ± 2.14% (29.31%), 10.13 ± 0.92 mm/Ist hr. (4.56 mm/Ist hr.), 30.54 ± 1.07% (32.55%), 59.18 ± 1.03% (56.16%), 1.78 ± 0.22% (2.41%, 5.92 ± 0.52% (4.51%), 0.29 ± 0.01% (0.48%) respectively. Blood samples from the affected cattle were tested for the TEC, TLC, PCV, ESR and DLC i.e. neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, basophils and their average values were observed as 5.76 ± 0.32 x 106/ul (7.24 x 106/ul), 6.73 ± 0.92 x 103/ul (7.99 x 103/ul), 31.49 ± 1.59% (33.90%), 9.32 ± 1.32 mm/Ist hr. (3.16 mm/Ist hr.), 31.08 ± 1.09% (34.82%), 45.00 ± 1.05% (41.31%), 0.33 ± 0.04% (0.63%), 9.16 ± 0.46% (7.86%), 0.33 ± 0.03% (0.63%) respectively. Serum samples from the affected buffaloes were tested for the total serum protein (TSP), serum albumin and serum globulin and their average values were came as 5.97 ± 0.56 g/dI (7.72 g/dI), 2.80 ± 0.37 g/dl (3.55 g/dll), 2.40 ± 0.95 g/dl (4.17 g/dl) respectively. Serum samples from the affected cattle were tested for the TSP, serum albumin and serum globulin and their average values were observed as 6.43 ± 0.45 g/dl (7.58 g/dl), 2.67 ± 0.35 g/dll (2.32 g/dl), 2.67 ± 0.52 g/dI (4.26 g/dll) respectively. Agar gel immunodiffusion test used for the antibodies detection was found positive for foot and mouth disease (FMD). Typographically two strains O (42.50%) and Asia-I (29.38%) were isolated out of 160 samples. A total loss of Rs. 5.286 millions due to FMD in cattle and buffaloes was estimated in the four villages. Note: Values in parenthesis are normal/standard for the respective parameter. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0412,T] (1).

91. Effect Of Hydatid Cyst On Different Blood Components In Camels Of Different Age Groups

by Hameed ur Rehman | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Dr. Shakil | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: The present project was designed to find out the prevalence of hydatidosis in different age groups of camels and to see its effect on some blood parameters (TEC, Hb, PCV) and also to examined the same blood parameters of control groups. For this purpose study was carried out on 300 camels of various age groups (2-3 years, 3-5 years, and above 5 years) brought to Lahore abattoir for slaughtering purposes during the period from July 1994 to September 1994. The results showed that out of 300 camels, 189 (63%) were positive for hydatidosis. It revealed that infection rate was higher in Group-Ill (above 5 years) 70%, than in Group-I (58%) and Group-Il(61%). The study also revealed that the prevalence of hydatidosis was 67.68% in July, 54.9% in August and 66.67% in September The present investigation also showed that a mean of total erythrocyte count was 8.667 million/microliter with range of 6.00 million/microliterto 11.101 million/microliter, Haemoglobin concentration was 10.00 g/100ml with a range of 6.3 g/100 13.1 g/l00ml and mean of packed cell volume was 31.7 with a range of 20.00% to 39.00%. The control blood samples of 189 camels showed mean of total erythrocyte was 9.721 million/microliter ranging from 6.32 million/microliter to 12.92 million/microliter, mean of haemoglobin concentration was 11.5g/100ml with a range of 7.3 g/100ml to 14.4g/100ml and packed cell volume was 33.4% with a range of 22.00% to 40.7% Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0413,T] (1).

92. Comparison Of Single And Stack Pinning Techniques For Mid Shaft Femoral Fracture In The Dog

by Kamran Akhtar | Dr. Mazhar Iqbal | Dr. Muhammad Arif | Dr. S | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: The incidence of femoral fracture is higher than that of other long bones in clogs. Immobilization of Fernoral fractures by external method of fixation is almost impossible due to angulation of the hind limbs, thickness of thigh musculature and difficulty of controlling motion in the hip joint. This type of orthopeadic ailment can he handled successfully with hone splintage principle which, includes the use of compression plates, cerciage wires, and intrarneclullary pins. In this project stack pinning and single intramedullary pinning with hemicerciage wires were used to treat midshaft transverse femoral fractures n the clog. The procedure was conducted on 20 mongrel dogs of either sex, divided into two groups of 10 clogs each . In group I the surgically created mid shaft femoral Fracture was immobilized using single intramedullary pin with hemicerclage wires. Whereas in group II the fracture was immobilized with stack pinning. First pin was introduced in a retrograde and the second pin in a normograde fashion. All the dogs were kept in Kennels For a period of sixteen weeks and results were collected on the basis of clinical and radiographic evulations. All the clogs were euthanisecl at the end of experimental period and operation sites were explored to find out the gross changes The analysis of the results clearly indicated that intramedullary pinning with hemicerclage wires was a better choice over stack pinning for repairing mid shaft transverse femoral Fractures. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0415,T] (1).

93. Effect Of Glucocorticoids Alongwith Antimicrobial Drugs Against Haemorrhagic Septicaemia In Buffalo

by Ramzan, M | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: Two long acting antibiotic preparations of oxytetracycline and amoxicillin were used in these trials against Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, singly and alongwith a combination of synthetic glucocorticoids (Dexamethasone and prednisolone). Eighty buffalo calves suffering from Haemorrhagic Septicaemia were selected and treated under field conditions. Weighted clinical score was recorded before and after treatment in each case, on the basis of severity of clinical symptoms. Reduction in this score and recovery or death of animal was also noted. It was concluded that amoxicillin was more effective than oxytetracycline and the addition of glucocorticoids reduced the convalescence period and also increased the survival rate. Therefore long acting amoxicillin alongwith Dexamethosone and prednisolone is recommended as the successful therapy for Haemorrhagic septicaemia. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0420,T] (1).

94. Effect Of Routine Deworming On The Development Of Resistance Against Git Nematodes In Sheep

by Akram, M | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Haji Ahmad | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: In this project the effect of routine deworming on GIT nematodes in sheep was studied with particular reference to the development of drug resistance. Comparison was studied by treating the flocks where routine deworming was practiced with the levamisole and albendazole and where routine deworming was not practiced with any medicine. One twenty sheep positive for GIT nematodes infection were selected. They were divided into six groups A, B, C, D, E and F comprising of 20 animal in each group. Animals of group A, B, C were selected from two different floclwhere routine deworming was practiced with levamisole and albendazole respectively. Animals of group D, E, & F were selected from unregistered private flocl where routine deworming was not practiced. Rectal faecal samples were collected before medication and at the seventh day of medication from all the six groups of sheep to count the eggs per gram of faeces and to count the number of larvae after culture under laboratory conditions. Groups A & D were treated with the levamisole orally at the dosage rate of 7.5 mg/kg. Groups B and E were medicated with albendazole orally at the dosage rate of 5 mg/kg and groups C & F were kept as control and remained untreated. Then the efficacy of levamisole and albendazole in addition to the development of resistance against these anthelmintics was estimated. Experimental study revealed that the levamisole showed 98.73% efficacy in the first timely dewormed flock and no any resistance was recorded whereas, 72.55% efficacy was noticed in the regularly dewormed flock, with a slight resistance. Albendazole had 97.13% efficacy in the first timely dewormed private flock and 61.24% efficacy in the regularly dewormed flock. This shows a strong evidence of resistance in the albendazole treated flock. No side effect were observed in both the groups. Levamisole was found better dewormer with less chances of resistance. However, both drugs can be used safely to achieve control of nematode parasites in sheep. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0421,T] (1).

95. Efficacy Of Ivermectin And Coumaphos Against Ectoparasites In Cattle And Buffaloes

by Nadeem Haider, Syed | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Ashraf | Dr. Haji Ahmed | Dr. Khalid Pervaiz | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: The project was designed to find out the efficacy of ivermectin and Coumaphos against ectoparasites in cattle and buffaloes. Thirty buffaloes infested for ectoparasites were selected for the treatment trials and divided into three groups i.e. Bi, B2 and B3 having ten animals in each group and thirty cattle infested for ectoparasites were selected for the treatment trials and also were divided into Cl, C2 and C3 groups. The comparative acaricidal drug trials were conducted on 20 infested animals against ectoparasites of group BI and Cl having ten animal in each were medicated with Ivermectin (lvomec: MSD) injected once by s/c route at dose rate of 200 pg/kg body weight. Observation were made on 7th and 14th day post-medication. Skin scrapping examination was done. The overall efficacy of invermectin on 7th and 14th day in buffaloes was 40% and 80% and in cattle 50% and 90% respectively. The comparative acaricidal drug trials were conducted on 20 infested animals for ectoparasites of B2 and C2 having ten animals in each were treated with Coumaphos (Asuntol: Bayer) at the dose rate of 30-50 gm/animal. On the 7th and 14th day post medication skin scraping examination was done. The efficacy of Coumaphos on 7th and 14th day in buffaloes was 50%, 50% and in cattle 70%, 70% respectively. Animals were also observed for any side effect of both medicine. No side effects were observed during the period from treatment to last observation in any group i.e. groups BI, Cl and B2, C2 groups. On last observation no spontaneous recovery was noted. In B3 and C3 in untreated and control groups. From the results of present study it is concluded that Ivermectin (Ivomec MSD) is the drug of choice for the treatment of ectoparasites in cattle and buffaloes when it is given at the dose rate of 0.2 mg/kg body weight by subcutaneous injection. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0422,T] (1).

96. Evaluation Of Uretero Jejunocolostomy For Urinary Diversion In The Dog

by Aneeta Hussain | Dr. Mazhar Iqbal | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Arif Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: Urinary diversion is the procedure adopted for urine expulsion in the most natural way, in the absence of the urinary bladder. In the beginning of the twentieth century many surgeons of human side as well as veterinarians used intestines for performing urinary diversion. They adopted many methods for this purpose but only a few were found to be successful. These procedures were used to relieve the animal from malignant bladder carcinomas, severe damage of bladder and urethra during accidents, and extrophy of urinary bladder etc. These diseases mostly cause urinary discomfort, incontinence of urine and painless heamaturia and cystectomy becomes a necessity. During this study fifteen healthy dogs of either sex were used. Laparotormy was performed under aseptic precautions. The small intestine was exteriorized through. the incision and the terminal portion of jejunum was identified. A 6-8 cm portion of the jejunurn was selected and milked to clear it of from the feacal materials. This portion was isolated from rest of the intestinal tract with the Doyen's intestinal clamps and was cut off with its mesenteric blood supply remaining intact. The continuity of the small bowel was restored by end to end anastomosis. The vent in mesentery was closed by simple continuous sutures. The isolated Jejunal segment was wrapped in a piece of gauze soaked in normal saline. The urinary bladder was emptied in females by gentle digital pressure and in males by mean of a disposable syringe. The ureters were amputated obliquely down to the trigone area and bladder was excised. Afterwards one end of the Jejunal segment was closed by lambert sutures. A small hole was created on the right side at the upper third portion which cut through the first three layers. From this hole a 2 cm long submucosal tunnel was created going towards the open end of the segment. The cut end of the ureter was sutured to the mucosa of the Jejunal segment using 3/o prolyene simple interrupted sutures. On the left side of the segment the other ureter was implanted similarly. A longitudinal incision equal to the diameter of jejunal segment was made at the antimesenteric border of the distal portion of colon. The open end of jejunal segment was implanted here using 3/0 chromic catgut via side to end anastomosis with simple I nierrupted crushing sutures, thus creating an intestinal bladder. Finally the abdomen was closed in routine manner. It was concluded on the basis of this study that: 1. Viable segment of small bowel with blood and nerve supply intact can be used as a bladder. 2. Voiding occurs in the most natural possible way without any need of an external reservoir. 3. There was no ascending infection, so kidneys remained normal. 4. Use of antibiotics for rest of the life was not needed. The successful attempt of making a new bladder strengthened the belief in cases where there was no other way of saving the animal's life except surgical intervention. So the veterinarian should involve himself with the core of his heart in the operative procedure with the aim of achieving good results. Whether he loses or gains, he must have a satisfaction of being loyal to his profession. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0423,T] (1).

97. Prevalence And Chemotherapy Of Coccidiosis In Sheep And Goats And Its Effect On Certain Blood Parameters

by Nasir Ali, Faridi | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Khalid Pervaz | Dr. Mubasher | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: This project was designed to find out the prevalance and chemotherapy of coccidiosis in sheep and goats and its effect on certain blood parameters like Haemoglobin, TLC, DLC, Glucose,and Total Serum Protein. Two drugs namely suiphadimidine and suiphaqunoxaline were used in this research project. For this purpose 60 animals(i.e sheep and goats) were taken and divided into 3 groups(A,B and C) containing 20 animals each(i.e 10 sheep and 10 goats). Group A was again subdivided into two subgroups Ag & As containing 10 animals each(i.e 10 goats and 10 sheeps) were treated with sulphadimidine.Group B was again subdivided into two subgroups Bg & Bs containing 10 animals each(i.e 10 goats and 10 sheeps) were treated with suiphaquinoxaline. Group C was again subdivided into two subgroups Cg & Cs containing 10 animals each (i.e 10 goats and 10 sheeps) were kept as infected non.medicated control. The efficacy of drugs were determined on the reduction of OPG in faeces. From the results it is find out that the average OPG on zero day of medication in groups i.e Ag,As & Bg,Bs were 75100, 72200, 60800 & 67200 respectively.The average reduction of OPG on 10th day of medication in groups i.e Ag,As & Bg,Bs were 300,340,120 & 280 respectively.The OPG of control groups were increased on the subsequent days. The average Haemoglobin on zero day of medication in groups Ag,As,& Bg,Bs were 6.53,8.02,6. 89 & 7.93 respectively The average Haemoglobin on lOtti day of medication in groups Ag,As,Bg,Ss were 8.628.80, 9.44 & 8.78 respectively.The Haemglobin of the control groups were decreased on subsequent days. Average TLC on zero day of medication in groups Ag,As,Bg,Bs were 16.50 ,16.50 & 15.50,19.50.Average TLC on 10th day of medication in groups Ag,As & Bg,Bs were 14.50,12.90 & 13.60,13.50 respectively.The TLC of control groups were increased on the subsequent days.Average DLC on zero day of medication in groups Ag was 49.40,68.00,7.00 11.10 & 17.50 in group Bg was 51.20 ,70.30,6.90, 12.20 & 19.40 in group As was 50.20,70.20,8.00,12.00 & 18.50 in group Bs was 50.40.71.60,6.10,17.20 & 18.40 .Average DLC on 10th day of medication in groups Ag was 48.40,67.00,7.00 11.10 & 17.50 in group Bg was 50.20 ,69.30,7.10,12.20 & 19.40.ln Group As was 49.40,69.10,8.00,12.00 & 18.50 in group Bs was 49.40,70.60,6.10,17.20,18.40.DLC of the control groups were incresed on the subsequent days. Average Blood Glucose on zero day of medication in groups Ag,As,Bg,Bs were 24.30, 31.30 & 29.30, 35.50 respectively.Average Blood Glucose on 10th day of medication in groups Ag,As,Bg,Bs were 37.00, 42.40, 42.80, 45.00. Blood glucose in control were decreased on the subsequent days. Average Total Serum protein on zero day of medication in groups Ag,As & Bg,Bs were 3.52,4.25,3.93,4.18. Average Total Serum protein on 10 th day of medication in groups Ag,As,Bg,Bs were 4.89,5.56 & 5.43,5.57 respectively.The total serum protein in control groups were decreased on the susequent days. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0426,T] (1).

98. Comparative Evaluation Of Esophagotomy In The Equine With And Without Pharyngostomy Tube

by Safdar Hamid, Bhatti | Dr. Mazhar Iqbal | Dr. Mohammad | Dr. Muhammad Younis h | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: The esophagus is one of the important parts of gastrointestinal tract of the animals. It is a specialized organ, serving to carry food from pharynx to the stomach. There are so many anomalies associated with esophagus like obstruction due to foreign bodies, tumors, strictures, diverticula and stenosis. Esophageal obstruction (choke) in equines can occur as a result of food impaction, orally administered caustic or corrosive medicinal agents and trauma to the neck. Choke is most commonly caused by food impaction, which can result in circumferential mucosal damage and subsequent esophageal strictures. The mega-esophagus may lead to pneumonia as a result of aspiration of ingesta. The diagnosis is based on the history and clinical signs. In all such cases esophagotomy is the only solution to the problem, as the conservative treatment does not help the animal. To carry out this experimental study 15 donkeys were divided into four groups. Group-I comprised of seven animals, Group-IT and III had three animals each and group-TV consisted of two animals. In group-I, the esophagus was incised longitudinally and closed in two layers. After closure of esophagotomy the pharyngostomy tube was passed for feeding purpose. In group II and III the esophagotomy procedure was the sam as in group I, but the animals were fed without pharyngostomy tube after surgery. The animals of group II, were kept on intravenous therapy for the first 72 hours and then shifted to the liquid diet per orum. Whereas the animals of group III were kept on liquid diet for the first seven days and then to the pelleted diet till 15th post-operative day. From then onward they were fed solid food orally. The esophagotomy incision in group IV was not sutured. These animals acted as control and were allowed to eat solid food orally from the very first post-operative day. The animals of each group were closely watched during the experimental period for seroma, leakage and infection. The tabulated and graphic results indicated that the animals of group II showed better results than the animals of group I, III and IV because: i) The esophagotomy incision healed through first intention. ii) No signs of dehiscence or leakage were noticed. iii) As the animals were kept on parenteral therapy for the first 72 hours, it helped in good mucosal healing and no leakage was seen. iv) The necropsy finding revealed, that the mucosal and muscular layers healed excellently. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0427,T] (1).

99. Effect Of Experimentally Induced Coccidiosis On Some Blood Parameters And Its Treatment With Three New Anticoccidial Drugs In Broilers

by Arshad Latif Arshad | Dr. Muhammed Sarwer Khan | Dr. Haji Ahmed | Dr. Muhammad Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1995Dissertation note: One hundred and fifty day 01(1 broiler chicks were obtained from a local hatchery. They were reared upto day 26. All the birds were given feed having no coccicliostat. At the age of 26 clays the birds were divided into five groups A, B, C, D and E. The D and B were control groups. The test groups were infected with 75000 sporulated oocysts On 26th day of age, group D was infected and non medicated while group E was kept non infected and non medicated. The group A, B and C were treated with clopidol, monensin and salinomycin respectively after the appearance of clinical symptoms. The total oocyst counts in all groups on zero day of infection were nil and on 1st, 5th and 9th day of medication, groups A, B, C, D showed 25800, 20400, 23800, 197500 oocysts counts respectively, while group B examined nil being control non infected group. The mortalities observed in groups A, B, C, D and E were 6, 2, 3, 8 and nil while percent mortality was 20%, 6.66%, 10%, 26.66% and 0.00%. In treated groups, monensin showed least mortality. The feed intake and feed conversion of groups A, B and C were almost equal. While group D (infected and non medicated) was relatively poor. As far as group E (non infected and non medicated) is concerned it showed better results. In haematological studies the average values of haemoglobin levels, erythrocytic count and total serum protein were lower post infection as compared to the respective control group E (non infected and non medicated). The total leukocytic count was increased in all groups as compared to group E (non infected and non medicated). The differential leukocytic count, the lymphocyte decreased, heterophils and monocytes increased. The eosinophils and basophils showed variation in their number. The study showed efficacy of Monensin, Salinomycin and Clopidol in descending order respectively. Monensin was to be drug of choice against coccidiosis. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0428,T] (1).

100. Extra Articular Substitution Of The Cranial Cruciate Ligament With Patellar Tendon

by Huma Noor | Dr. Mazhar Iqbal | Dr. Mubasher | Dr. Muhammed Younas | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: Rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament is the most common cause of hind-limb lameness in the dog. Many techniques have been used for the repair of ruptured cranial cruciate ligament including intra-articular techniques both using synthetic and viable materials. Viable materials have proved better then synthetic due to lesser chances of rejection and infection. Extra-articular techniques are also though better than intra-articular repairs as whole of the joint is manipulated in the latter which increases the chances of trauma. In this project 12 dogs were used in which 2 were the control dogs. The dogs underwent repair of the ruptured cranial cruciate ligament by using extra-articular technique in which a strip of the patellar ligament along with the superficial half of the patella was screwed to the lateral side of the lateral femoral condyle in a way to eliminate the cranial drawer sign. The joint was approached through a medial parapatellar artrotomy. In the control dogs the cranial cruciate ligament was cut but not repaired. All the dogs were kept in Kennel cages for a period of twelve weeks and evaluated clinically by various physical tests at regular interval. Euthanasia was performed after twelve weeks and the stifle joints of all the operated dogs were explored for gross abnormalities. In case of the repaired dogs, majority of the results confirmed that the joints remained stable throughout the experimental period. However, in case of control dogs the post-euthanasia evaluation was clearly indicative of the complete rupture of cranial cruciate ligaments. Hence it was seen that the surgical technique used in this study provided adequate stability to the stifle joints in which the cranial cruciate ii gament was ruptured experimentally. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0431,T] (1).



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