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1. Use Of Xylazine And Detomidine Alone And With Ketamine Anesthesia For Caponization In Pigeons

by Ahtzaz Haider (2009-VA-413) | Prof. Dr. M.Arif Khan | Dr. Hamid Akbar | Dr. Muti -ur- Rehman Khan.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: For this study, (16) sixteen pigeons were selected, the birds were allocated into four treatment groups i.e. Group A, Group B, Group C and Group D, with 4 birds each. In group A, after surgical preparation, birds were given xylazine injection intramuscularly at dose rate of 16mg per kg body weight. In group B, birds were given detomidine injection intramuscularly at dose rate of 1.4mg per kg body weight. In group C, birds were given ketamine-xylazine injection intramuscularly at the dose rate of 30mg and 8mg per kg body weight respectively. In group D, birds were given ketamine-detomidine injection with the dose rate of 30mg and 0.7mg per kg body weight respectively. While regularly checking reflexes after short intervals of time. After achieving of the surgical stage of anesthesia, the surgical operation was beginning. The data was analyzed by One Way ANOVA followed by multiple comparison tests using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. The purpose of designed research was to compare the efficacy of anaesthesia alone and with the combination of the other anaesthesia during the surgery of the pigeons. Different parameters were used to check the efficiency of the anaesthesia. All birds were thoroughly examined to rule out any other anomaly before study. The surgery was performed at Surgery Section, Department of CMS, UVAS, Lahore for 3 months’ duration (including adaptation and postoperative period). Conclusion The verdict based explanations for better and reliable anaesthetic combination used in pigeons and to evaluate safe anaesthetic combination and to find ideal pre anaesthetic with minimum effects. We concluded that detomidine alone can be used just for non-surgical 40 procedures because it produces the light sedation but superficial analgesia with smooth induction and recovery but xylazine can also be used if detomidine is not available. Xylazine produces superficial analgesia and light sedation but for the short time comparatively. For major and minor surgeries both combinations of ketamine i.e. (K-Xp) and (K-Dp) are more reliable and safe. Both cocktails produce the deep analgesia and anaesthesia as well, with rapid and smooth induction and recovery. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2684-T] (1).

2. A Study Of Risk Factors And Chemotherapy Of Patent Stongyloides Westeri Infection In Foals In Lahore

by Saima Batool (2015-VA-837) | Dr. Jawaria Ali khan | Dr. Muhammad Avais | Dr. Arfan Ahmed.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Data is available on prevalenc of strongyloideswesteri in foals which cause diarrhea and its allopathic treatment is also available but there is no data available on herbal treatment of s. westeri and best protocol of allopathic drugs. So the purpose of the study is to study the incidence of S. westeri in foals. The risk factors associated with S. westeri and to develop the best treatment protocol for S. Westeri. The hypothesis of this study is; Identification of risk factors that was associated with S. westeri and efficacy of Allopathic verse herbal drugs was determined against S. westeri. Fecal samples were collected from foals. Gloves were lubricated with lubricating material before the sampling. Sample will be collected directly from rectum of the foals. The fecal material was collected in the properly labeled plastic jar. The samples were processed and examined in the Medicine Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore. Direct smear examination was carried out for the of S. westerieggs under microscope. For quantitative analysis, Mac Master Technique was used. The positive foals were divided into three groups A, B and C to check the efficacy of drugs on S. westeri. These groups were going through to chemotherapeutic trials with different groups of medicines including herbal and allopathic. Herbal medicine was Ginger (zingiberofficinale) and allopathic were oxibendazoleand ivermectin. Milk samples were also collected from newly parturated mares then evaluation and biometery of larvae was also done just to study the risk factors that transfer larvae from dam to foal through colostrum. Comparison and Identification of eggs and larvae in milk along with treatment effect were analyzed by Chi Square method using the SPSS software 22 version. The data obtained from this study revealed that:  The main source of S. westeri infection was milk of dams. The larva of S. westeri passed through the dam’s milk to foals.  The prevalence of S. westeri was strongly associated with the risk factor such age, colostrum intake, species, breed, dite, environment, water supply and deworming treatments.  Vaccination had no effect on prevalence of S. westeri.  Allopathic drugs are more efficient against S. westeri infection in foals as compared the herbal drugs.  The efficacy of Ivermectin was more as compared to Oxibendazole. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2817-T] (1).

3. Treatment Of Long Oblique Tibial Fracture With Intramedullary Pin Alone And Full Cerclage Wires In Cats

by Syed Muhammad Faheem Ahmed (2010-VA-147) | Dr. Ayesha Safdar | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Arif Khan | Dr. Muhammad Zahid Tahir.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Fracture of long bone in animals is a challenging problem these days. Leg fractures in cats are quite common problem. Fractures treated with biomechanically sound fixation and proper attention to soft tissues will be most likely to heal with a functional outcome. However, osteomyelitis, bone sequestration, and joint ankylosis still continue to be major factors in inhibiting healing and bone functionality. This research project was designed with the aim to test the effectiveness and accuracy of three sets of bone splintage devices in healing long oblique mid-shaft tibial fractures in cats, with minimal side effects and stress to the patient. For the study total twelve adult cats as and when presented at Pet Centre, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences Lahore, and Saleem Veterinary Clinic and petshop Lahore, having long oblique fracture of tibia irrespective of breed, sex and considering almost similar age group, both stray and domesticated were selected. These cats were divided into three groups i.e groups A, B and C comprising of four cats in each group, and designated as 1, 2 3 and 4 respectively. They were admitted as clinical trial patients and were kept in separate cat cages at Saleem Veterinary Clinic until the completion of the study. Specific tagged collars were applied on all the cats. They were kept under comfortable environment and on a standard commercially available cat feed diet with ad labitum access to water. All the cats of three groups, having long oblique tibial fracture were treated with 3 separate techniques for comparison. In group A, fracture was reduced and immobilized with intramedullary pinning. In group B, fracture was treated with full cerclage wires alone while cats of group C were treated with intramedullary pin and cerclage wires. Thus comparative fracture healing and efficacy of individual techniques in their respective cases were evaluated. Subsequent comparative parameters were studied which included physical examination of wound, lameness grading, radiological scoring for callus formation, fracture line union, fracture alignment as well as callus remodelling. The collected data regarding study parameters were illustrated by descriptive statistics and non-parametric analysis of variance (Kruskal Walis Test) using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. Conclusion: Therefore, as advocated by the results of this study, intramedullary pinning (preferably threaded) with at least 2 - 3 full cerclage wiring was a better choice for the correction of a long oblique mid-shaft tibial fracture in cats. The combination of both these techniques together give a strong backbone for bone healing to take place with minimum amount of stress to the bone fragments and also to counteract different forces acting on the fracture site.Both these techniques were easy, required little soft tissue manipulation, were cost-effective, required less equipment and could easily be applied by an average practitioner. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2891-T] (1).



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