1.
Incidence, Chemotherapy And Haematology Of Strongylosis In Horses Of District Layyah
by Kashif Mahboob | Dr. Jawaria Ali Khan | Dr. A. D. Khan Khosa | Prof. Dr, Khalid | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2007Dissertation note: The present project was designed to find out the infection rate of strongylosis, to test the anthelmintic efficacy of Endoectiven, Vermox, Neem (Melia Azadarch linn) and Oxfendazole, to study the effect of strongyloids on blood parameters in horses of district Layyah.
Horses were examined for the presence of strongylosis coprologically, till 50 horses naturally infected with strongyle spp. become available. Fifty horses were found positive for strongylosis out of eighty seven horses, so the infection rate of strongylosis was 57.47%. Fifty positive animals were randomly divided into five groups A, B, C, D and E each comprising of 10 animals. Another group F comprising of healthy horses was made. Each animal of group A was treated with Endoectiven (8 mg/kg body weight.), group B was treated with Vermox (10 mg/kg body weight), group C was treated with Neem (375 mg/kg body weight), group D was treated with Systamex (10mg/kg body weight) while group E was kept as positive control (untreated) and group F was kept as negative control (uninfected untreated). The efficacy of anthelmintics was calculated on the basis of reduction of eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces on day 7 and 14 post treatment. Efficacy of Endoectiven (Closantel) was 0 % and 0 % on day 7 and 14 respectively. Efficacy of Vermox (Mebendazole) was 91.93% and 95.16% on day 7and 14 respectively. Efficacy of Neem (Melia Azadarch linn) was 6.89% and 8.62% on day 7 and 14 respectively. Efficacy of Systamex was 96.82% and 98.4 1% on day 7 and 14 respectively. It was concluded from the above results that Oxfendazole was found most effective than Mebendazole, Neem (Melia Azadarch linn) and Closantel, while Mebendazole showed better results than Neem (Melia Azadarch linn) and Closantel. Neem (Melia Azadarch linn) showed better results than Closantel.
Haematological parameters showed significant reduction in total erythrocyte count (TEC), haemoglobin (Hb) level and packed cell volume (PCV).
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0961,T] (1).
2.
Burden Of Endoparasites In Ruminants In Live Aimal Markets Of Lahore
by Faiza Afzal | Dr. Jawaria Ali Khan | Dr. Aneela Zameer Durani | Prof. Dr.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Endoparsites cause severe economic losses by affecting and may cause many diseases to animal. Due to anthelmintic resistance and poor managemental practices endoparsitic disease are more common now a days. In Pakistan parasitic infestation is quite prevalent and the loss about 26.5 million rupees annually to the livestock industry. Although no exact figure of economic losses is available but it is fact that millions of rupees are being lost due to reduced milk yield, rejection of meat and edible offal, depreciation of hides, delay age of maturity and death particularly in calves and high production cost due to use of drugs, they also decrease feed intake efficiency. Present study was conducted to check the burden of endoparasites in different live animal Markets of Lahore, For this purpose 800 samples of large ruminants (cattle, buffalo) and small ruminants (sheep, goat) were collected and transported to lab for further qualitative fecal examination through macroscopic and microscopic examination. In six live animal markets overall prevalence of endoparasites found 21.37%. Out of 800 samples 171 were found positive. Prevalence of large and small ruminants was found almost similar i.e: 21.5%, 21.25% respectively. However much parasitic burden was observed 43.1% in cattle to that of 28.1% in buffalo.Prevalence in sheep was high as compared to goat whereas kacchi breed of sheep and Desi breed of goat showed higherprevalence that as 14.5%, 16% respectively.Prevalence in Nilli ravi was 28.0% in non-exotic cattle it was 31% however in exotic jersey breed prevalence of endoparasites was 11%. Endoparasites found more prevalent in Nilli Ravi. In ruminants prevalence found high in male animals as compared to female animals. Overall prevalence in ruminants was 21.0% while in male and female animals prevalence was 21.8%, and 20% respectively. prevalence found more in less than 1 year aged animal than above this age i.e, in less than 1 year of age was 22.4% prevalence while above 1 year aged animals it was 20.0% (P<0.05 ). In large and small ruminants nematodes were more prevalent followed by trematode, cestode, protozoa, and mixed infection. Among nematodes haemonchus were found more prevalent gastrointestinal parasites. Out of 171 positive samples 46 were of haemonchus (5.75%) followed by ostertagia 18 (2.25), trichostrongyloids 17(2.12), cooperia 8(1.0%), bunostomum 6(0.75%), trchuris 11(1.37%), oesophagostomumm 5(0.5%), in large ruminants. Small ruminants also found chabertia ovine 1(0.0125%) and strongyloid papillosus 1(0.0125%) infestation. During this study overall prevalence of Nematode, trematode, cestode, protozoa, and mixed infection found 15.0%, 3.5%, 1.875%, 0.625%, and 0.25% respectively. Mixed infection only found in live animal market 1 at Multan road. In live animal Market 2 at Sagyan Bridge only nematode and trematode were present. In live animal Market 3 at shahpur kanjran no mixed infection was found. And protozoa were only found in large ruminants. In live animal Market no protozoa and mixed infection was found. In live animal Market 4, 5, 6 no protozoa and cestode found. The data obtained was analyzed through chi -square test (SPSS) and probability level of <0.05 was considered as significant different. As results show ( p< 0.05) data was considered as significantly different. Fascioliasis, parasitic gastro-enteritis, coccidiosis, theleriosis, and babesiosis are major parasitic problem in ruminants in order to priority. There is urgent need to carry out research on applied aspects leading towards control of parasites. This parasitic research has been focused on a limited part of country. This should extend in broader area keeping in view various agro-ecological zones of country.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1758,T] (1).
3.
Status Of Brucellosis And Its Effect On Hemogram And Serum Biochemistry In Indigenous, Cross-Bred And Exotic Dairy Cattle Herds
by Muhammad Hareem Afzal (2008-VA-250) | Dr. Muhammad Avais | Dr. Jawaria Ali Khan | Prof. Dr. Aftab Ahmad Anjum.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Brucellosis mainly infects food animals such as cattle, buffalo, goats and sheep. Brucella abortus is the principal cause of brucellosis in cattle and is shed from the infected animal at or around the time of calving or abortion. The present study was conducted on 450 animals on three different strains/breeds of cattle i.e. Exotic (150), Cross-bred (150) and local cattle (150) from 10 different privately owned livestock farms of varying holdings of district Lahore. An epidemiological questionnaire focusing on herd traits as well as husbandry and sanitary practices that could be associated with the risk of Brucellosis infection was completed. Serum samples were collected and analyzed using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). The serum samples positive for Brucellosis through RBPT further subjected to Serum Agglutination Test (SAT). To check the effect of Brucellosis on hemogram, blood samples from 18 cattle (n=6 indigenous; n=6 cross-bred; n=6 exotic) positive for Brucellosis and 18 animals (n=6 indigenous; n=6 cross-bred; n=6 exotic) negative for brucellosis were collected and processed for TLC, DLC, RBC, Hb, MCV, MCHC MCH and platelets using automated haematology analysed at UDL, UVAS, Lahore. Similarly, to see the effect of Brucellosis on Serum biochemistry, serum samples from 18 cattle (n=6 indigenous; n=6 cross-bred; n=6 exotic) positive for Brucellosis and 18 animals (n=6 indigenous; n=6 cross-bred; n=6 exotic) negative for brucellosis collected and analysed for glucose, total protein, albumin, Creatinine, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotranferase (AST) and Sorbitol Dehydrogenase (SD) using commercially available kits.
Summary
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RBPT revealed overall prevalence 17.7% higher than SAT 10.6%. Prevalence of brucellosis is higher in Cross-Bred (22.7%) followed by local cattle (18.9%) and exotic (12%).
Hemato-boichemical results showed that increase in TLC, MCV While slight changes in Hb, MCHC, RBC and values of MCV stays within normal range. On the other hand serum biochemistry increase in AST while decrease in ALT and SD found. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2348-T] (1).
