1.
Prevalence And Chemotherapy Of Cestode Infection In Wild Felidae
by Zahid Zia | Dr. Khalid Pervaz | Dr. M. Akram | Dr. M. Sarwar Khan | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: The present wok was conducted to see the efficacy of Niclosamide (Yomesan), Mebendazole (Vermox) and Praziquantel (Droncit) against cestode infection in wild felids in captivity because zoological gardens are permanent source of parastic infestation
A survey was conduced to estimate ethe prevalence of various specises of cestodes in 40 wild fields kept in Lahore Zoo and Luch Irani Circus. The prevalence rate was recorded for Lahore Zoo 42.86% and for Lucky Irani Circus 100%. Overall prevalence was estimated (60%). The prevalence rate of Dipylidium caninum, Echinococcus/Taenia species, Spriometra felis and Joyeuxiella pasaquaeli was recroded 32.60, 55.33, 39.81 and 27.90 percent, respectively. The animals showing moderat to heavy infection were selected for therapeutic trails.
Two trainls were conducted wild felids kept in the Lahore Zoo and Luch Irani Circus comprising 12 animals each. In both experimental station four groups i.e. A, B, C and D of animals were made. Group A, B and C wre treated with Niclosamide (Yomesan)Mebendazole (Vermox) and Praziquantle (Droncit) respectively, while group D was kept as untreated control group. The efficacy of the drug was detrmined on the basis of reduction in the number of ova and segments discharged in the faeces on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day of post medication.
Results revealed that Praziquantel (Droncit) was the drug of choice against all species of cestodes, as it was found highly effective throughout the experiment. Membendazole (Vermox) was also found 100% effective against different species of cestodes upto 14th day of the experiment. Niclosamide (Yomesan) was not found as effective as other two drugs.
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2.
Morphological Abnormalities Of Spermatozoa In Pure Bred Friesian, Sahiwal Bulls And Friesian X Sahiwal
by Ahsan Rashad, M | Prof. Dr. Rashid Ahmad Ch | Dr. Imtiaz Hussain Khan | Dr. M. Akram | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1991Dissertation note: Of the 15 normal semen producing breeding bulls, five bulls from each of pure bred Sahiwal, Friesian and the cross-breds (Friesian X Sahiwal) of the same age group were selected. These bulls were maintained at Semen Production Unit, Qadirabad (Sahiwal) under similar conditions of housing, feeding and management. Two consecutive ejaculates once a week were collected. A total of 395 ejaculates were evaluated for various seminal characteristics, extended, processed and frozen during August, September and October, 1990. During these three months semen parameters like ejaculate volume, mass motility, percent motility and the doses produced per ejaculate declined with increase of ambient temperature and humidity.
The second ejaculate (195) at each collection and for each bull was always taken for studying the sperm morphology. Two slides from each semen sample were prepared in 10% solution of Nigrosin stain. A total of 200 sperm cells were counted in each slide and average values for various morphological abnormalities of spermatozoa in each breed were studied. The sperm cell abnormalities were accounted for head (abnormal, detached), neck (poor attachment, abaxial attachment and fractured neck), thickened mid-piece, protoplasmic droplet (proximal, distal droplet) and tail (detached, coiled- tail-droplet-enclosed, coiled tail).
The mean values of different breeds so obtained for different abnormalities during various months were analysed. The average values for head abnormalities for three breeds were 9.69 ± 1.88, 5.12 ± 060 and 1.56 ± 0.14% in Friesian, cross-bred and Sahiwal, respectively. These abnormalities were highest during August and September in Friesian bulls and lowest in Sahiwal bulls during October.
The neck abnormalities were highest in cross-breds (4.44 ± 0.57%) and lowest in Sahiwal (1.67 ± 0.14%). However, the neck abnormalities were statistically similar during the months of August, September and October. Similar trend of mid-piece abnormality was observed between various breeds and months. Likewise the values of protoplasmic droplets were highest in cross breds (14.12 ± 1.19%) and lowest in Sahiwal (2.36 ± 0.30%). The tail abnormalities were the highest in cross-breds (3.47 ± 0.45%) and lowest in Sahiwal (0.87 ± 0.12%). Among various months the tail abnormalities, were statistically similar (P> 0.05).
The total values of different sperm abnormalities wçre highest in cross-breds during August (30.93 ± 3.11%) and comparatively lower during September and October (28.66 ± 2.28 and 26.11 ± 2.63%), respectively.
Except head abnormalities, all the other abnormalities of spermatozoa were statistically significant among breeds.
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3.
Comparative Studies On The Incidence Of Gastro Intestinal Parasites Of Sheep And Goats And Their Effect On Different Blood
by Najeeb ur Rehman | Dr. M. Afzal | Dr. Haji Ahmad Hashmi | Dr. M. Akram | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: A study of gastro-intestinal parasitism alongwith isolation and identification of the parasite species affecting Demani sheep and goats in and around district Dera Ismail Khan was conducted in the months of May, June, July and August, 1998. For this purpose 96 gastro-intestinal tracts of sheep and goats (48 from each) were collected from the slaughter houses of D.I. Khan and adjoining areas.
The overall incidence of gastro-intestinal parasitism in sheep and goats was found to be 67.60 and 55.81%, respectively. Overall incidence of Trernatodes (22.91 and 18.75%), Cestodes (25 and 33.33%) and Nematodes (52.08 and 47.91%) was found in the said animals, respectively.
Month-wise prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasitism was also carried out which was the highest in the month of August. Fifteen different species of parasites were isolated and identified which include:
Paramphi stomum cervi (18.75 and 12.5%), Cotylophoron cotylophorum (4.16 and 6.25%), Moniezia expansa (16.66 and 10.41%), Moniezia benedeni (6.25 and 16.66%), Avitellina centripunctata (0 and 16.06%), Haernonchus contortus (27.08 and 14.58%), Oesophagostomum venulosum (8.33 and 0%), Trichuris gyj (20.83 and 31.25%), Ostertagia circumcincta (8.33 and 10.41%), Trichostrongvlus colubriformis (6.25 and 0%), Trichostrongvlus vitrinus (6.16 and 6.25%), Trichostron&vlus axel (2.08 and 8.33%), Nematodirus spathiger (12.50 and 0%), Cooperia curticel (18.75 and 0%), Strongvloides papillosus (6.25 and 0%) in sheep and goats, respectively.
The relationship between the seasonal conditions and occurrence of gastro intestinal parasitism showed close correlation.
The findings of haematological studies showed that there was decrease in haernoglobin contents, TEC, PCV, TLC, and increase in ESR both in sheep and goats under the effect of gastro intestinal parasitism. The values of differential leukocytic count were variable both sheep and goats. Most of the haematological disturbances of different blood parameters in both sheep and goats were proved to be statistically significant, particularly TEC, Hb level and ESR. Whereas the percentage of basophils and monocytes was not affected.
From the results of the presents study, it may be concluded
that the incidence of gastro-intestinal parasitism in sheep and goats warrants that rational treatment and preventive measures must be adopted to safeguard our valuable livestock from these serious parasitic infections. It is also evident from the results that gastrointestinal parasitism adversely affects the blood components in sheep and goats which may lead to anaemia, loss of growth and loss of production resulting into depreciation of quality of milk, meat and wool.
Therefore it should be considered as top priority to educate the farmers for following a strict deworming programme amongst their animals to get rid of detrimental parasites. This will ultimately be useful in producing healthy and profitable livestock, which will not only fulfill our protein requirements but also help for foreign exchange earnings.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0565,T] (1).
