1.
Comparative Study On The Performance Of Ross-1 And Avian Male And Female Parent Meat Lines With Commercial Broiler
by Mahmood Akhtar | Dr. Muhammad Saleem Chaudhary | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: This experiment was designed to compare different male and female progeny of the opposite male and female grand parent meat line breeders of ROSS-I and AVIAN strains with commercial broiler chicks of the same strains.
The objective of the experiment was to ascertain the genetic potential for the growth of these different lines of strains and their use as a commercial broiler.
The following observations were recorded on; Average feed consumption, Average weekly body weight gain, Average feed efficiency, Average dressing percentage, Mortality (if any) and Economics of meat production.
A total of 180 one -day old chicks purchased from local market were divided into six groups i.e. A having male chicks of female grand parent meat line of Ross-I strain, B having female chicks of male grand parent meat line of Ross strain, C having commercial broiler chicks of Ross strain, D having male chicks of female grand parent meat line of Avian strain, E having female chicks of male grand parent line of Avian strain and F having commercial broiler chicks of Avian strain. Chicks were reared for a period of 42 days (6 weeks) under identical managemental conditions. Same rations (Starter and Finisher) were fed to all the groups.
The results indicated that there was difference (P<0.01) in feed consumption among various groups. Group E containing female chicks of the male grand parent line of Avian strain consumed highest feed (3997 gms) during 0-42 days. It was also noted that weight gain amongst all the groups from 0 to 42 days was different (P<0.01). Highest weight gain was recorded in group E having female chicks of the male grand parent meat line of Avian strain.
The FCR of groups A, B, C, D, E and F during starter and during finisher phase was difference (P<0.05). However, the efficiency of feed utilization was highest in group E. Dressing percentage of different groups was not different (P> 0.05).
The economic evaluation of all the six groups for meat production showed that the birds of group E having female chicks of male grand parent line of Avian strain proved to be the most economical whereas birds of groups B having females of male grand parent line of Ross strain proved 2nd during grading.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The overall picture of the trail reveals that male and female progeny of the opposite male and female grand parent lines can be used as commercial broilers.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0525,T] (1).
2.
Effect Of Water Restriction On The Conmsistency Of Droppings And On Subsequesnt Performance Of Broilers
by Afzal Sher, M | Dr. Muhammad Saleem Chaudhary | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: Spoilage of water and watery droppings are major factors responsible for the accumulation of excessive moisture in the poultry houses. This moisture will be deposited into the litter. Resultantly the litter becomes too wet, which in turn creates managemental problems and economic losses to the industry. Watery droppings are produced, when birds consume water beyond their metabolic requirements, because excretion of water with the faeces is almost directly proportional to the intake of water. The present study was designed to overcome this problem by restricting the water to the birds and to investigate its effects on the consistency of droppings, weight, gain, feed consumption, FCR, water intake, water: feed ratio, mortality and haematologi cal parameters.
The experiment was carried out at Poultry Experimental Station, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore for a period of 6 weeks i.e. from 30-10-1996 to 10-12-1996. One hundred and eighty, one day old "Hubbard" broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 groups i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F, comprising 30 chicks in each. Each group was further sub-divided into 3 replicates. These groups were given water in such a way that group NA" was offered full water and the rest of the groups were given 95, 90, 85, 80 and 75% respectively of the requirement. All the groups were reared in battery brooders under optimum environmental and managemental conditions. Same rations (starter and finisher) were fed to them. The source of water was also the same throughout the trial. They were vaccinated according to the recommended standard schedule.
From second week, onwards, moisture contents of the faeces were estimated on weekly basis. It was examined that each increment of water deprivation resulted in drier faeces and lower Water: feed ratio than the control. Statistically differences (P<0.01) of weight gain, moisture contents of the excreta, FCR, water: feed ratio and blood values were recorded among the groups. The best performance was evaluated in group C and the poorest in group F. Waler stresses did not affect mortality, only 3 birds died during the whole study. Feed consumptions was found to be non-significant. Commercially these results will be helpful in controlling watery dropping, without lowering meat production, saving of water, labour and sewerage cost in poultry operations.
CONCLUSION
Excreta moisture can be minimized from 1.6 to 5.2% without affecting production and economics.
RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recornmenj, that water consumption can be reduced from 5% to 10% in a relatively cooler environment during starter and finisher phase. Reducting the water intake 15% or more had deleterious effect on the performance of broilers.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0530,T] (1).
3.
Effect Of Mating Ratio And Age On Fertility And Hatchability In Japanese Quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica)
by Col.Shabbir Ahmad | Dr. Muhammad Saleem Chaudhary | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: The present project was planed to study the effect of mating ratio and age on fertility and hatchability in Japanese quails.
The production of fertile eggs was found to relate to the number of males present in a flock. Fertility and hatchability of eggs was directly influenced by sex ratio and age of birds. However, very little information in this regard is available.
One hundred and seventy four males and four hundred twenty six females quails of 4 weeks age were purchased from the local market. They were divided into five equal mating groups i.e. A, B, C, D and E comprising 120 quails in each group. Each group was further divided into 2 sub groups i.e. Al, A2, Bi, B2, Cl, C2, Dl, D2 and El, E2. The mating ratio of males and females in the respective groups was 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5. Birds were reared for a period of two weeks i.e. 5-6 weeks of age under similar environments on floor, then they were transferred to battery cages and were kept there upto the age of 16 weeks.
To assess the ideal parental age for optimal fertility and hatchability, hatching eggs from a single hatch breeding flock between 7 and 16 weeks of age were set twice in a week The mean hatching performance of the eggs set during 7 to 8, 9 to 10, 11 to 12, 13 to 14 and 15 to 16 weeks of age were recorded separately.
The unhatched eggs were opened on the day 18 and examined
macroscopically to identify the infertile eggs, embryonic mortality, fertility and hatchability of fertile eggs set were calculated.
Identical environmental and managemental conditions were provided to all the experimental birds. They were fed on commerca1 ration -libitum. Clean and fresh water was made available at all times. Light was provided 24 h during rearing time and 16 h during breeding period. Standard rearing, breeding and hatching management procedures were followed throughout the study period.
The following data was recorded:
Weight of birds at the start of experiment, Feed consumption, Average body weightlbirds on weekly basis, Feed conversion ratio, Mortality if any, Fertility percentage and Hatchability percentage.
The data collected was statistically analysed using 5 x 5
Factorial design.
The quail chicks at 4 weeks age weighed on an average 98 gm/bird and within a period of two weeks rearing gained on an average a body weight of 134.1 gm/bird. The weight gradually increased with age. The final body weight at the age week 16, under ratio 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 was 130.5, 186.5, 188.0, 189.5, 191.5 and 193.5 gm respectively, the overall mean value being 189.8 gm/bird.
The difference in average weight/bird in various groups has been due to the difference in the number of females. The females weighed heavier than the males consequently the groups having smaller number of females were lighter in weight than the groups having higher number of females.
The percentage weekly increase in body weight was 37.6, 12.76 and 8.27% at age weeks 7, 8 and 9 respectively. Further increase in body weight from age week 10 to 16, ranged between 0.9 and 4.7. The rearing of Japanese quail beyond age weeks 8 or 9 for meat purposes will not be economical. The egg fertility was the highest at age weeks 13-14 (80.73%) followed by 15-16 (72.34%) 11-12 (7 1.12%), 9-10 (63.57%) and 7-8 weeks (56-20%), all being statistically different from one another. The mating ratio (1:1 to 1:5) showed statistically significant effect on egg fertility, which ranged between 58.16 to
8 1.12%, the maximum being at mating ratio of 1:2 and the minimum at 1:5.
The mating ratio and age have been found to have significant effect on egg hatchability, it was maximum at age weeks 13-14 (67.46%) and the minimum at age weeks 7-8 (41-23%). Similarly mating ratio 1:2 resulted in the maximum (66.08) and mating ratio 1:5 showed the minimum (48.73%) egg hatchability.
The results of present study have led to the conclusion that egg fertility and hatchability were highest at age week 13-14 and at mating ratio 1:2.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0537,T] (1).
4.
The Effect Of Different Space Densities And Addition Of Zinc Bacitracin On Growth Rate And Total Serum Protein Level
by Imran Wazir, M | Dr.Muhammad Saleem ch | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1998Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0584,T] (1).
5.
A Study On The Prevalence Of Disease And Other Problems Related To Managemental Practices During
by Akhtar, M | Dr.Muhammad Saleem Ch | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1999Dissertation note: A study on the prevalence of diseases and other problems related to the managemental practices during brooding in broilers was carred out in Muzaffarabad and Mirpur districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir during the months from May, 1999 to September, 1999. The data was collected through a questionnaire (Appendix-i) from 60 farmers i.e. 30 from each district selected randomly. Various parameters regarding the farming structure in the project area, location and dimensions of farms/sheds, brooding management, feed and feeding, watering, lighting schedule, equipment, litter managemental practices, biosecurity and sanitation, vaccines and vaccination, disease problems during brooding, health cover, mortality, relative humidity, ventilation control, purchase of day old chicks, extension services availability, labour management and farmer's suggestions for broiler farming improvement, were studied.
Mostly the farmers (55%) were having an educational level upto Matric and a few farmers were above Matric. Construction of sheds differed in Muzaffarabad and Mirpur districts due to different climatic conditions and availability of materials. Most of the farmers(61.7%) had no separate brooder houses and those who had brooder houses did not give attention to ventilation system. There was lack of knowledge about advanced brooding managemental practices among the farmers. Improper feeding and watering space was given to chicks during brooding. Disease outbreaks were observed even after vaccination due to poor vaccination practices. Lack of sanitation and biosecurity resulted in outbreaks of many diseases such as omphalitis, ]. ij, Gumboro, coryza, Newcastle Disease etc. at many farms during brooding period. The farmers mostly depended upon labour and did not manage their farms, which resulted into losses. Most of the farmers blamed market fluctuation, while some blamed the low quality of feed, chicks and vaccines which resulted in decline in poultry farming.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0611,T] (1).
6.
A Study On The Surveillance Of Management Related Problems In Broiler Farms Of Lahore District
by Irfan Shahzad Sheikh | Dr.Muhammas Saleem Ch | Prof.Dr.Muhammad Aslam Bhatti.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1999Dissertation note: A survey was conducted to collect the data from 150 randomly selected broiler farms, through a questionnaire to evaluate the surveiling management related problems and present status of broiler farms of Lahore district. It was observed that of the total 150 respondents 4.6% were found to be illiterate whereas majority of the farmers i.e. 58.7% were of below matric education level. 46.7% farmers took broiler farming as part time business. 57.33% farmers had no agriculture land and 42.67% had their own land.
Most of the farmers (52.%) kept single shed only and maximum number of farms (46.7%) were raising 2001-5000 birds with their current strength of 50%. Of the total farms, 60 (40%) farms were rented and 90 (60%) farmers had their own farms.
It was noticed that 63.34% farms were located within the range of 25-40 kms of Lahore city and 94.67% farms had a main road facility within 5 km of range. At 14.66% farms boundry walls were present. It was also observed that there was no trend of homernix and automatic feeding in broiler farming. It was found that 87.3% farmers purchased feed on credit, 70.67% farmers practiced ad-libitum feeding programme and 61.3% farmers stored feed inside the sheds.
It was seen that at 8.57% farms proper water storage facility was not available. E. coli was observed at 42.0% farms and 9.3% farmers were using manual waterers. It was also revealed from the data that out of 150 farms 16.0% were using tubelights, 68.7% used bulbs whereas 15.3% were using lanterns, gas lamps etc. due to nonavailability at their farms. It was seen majority of farmers (89.3%) used wood and/or coal brooder during brooding.
It was observed that 48.8% farmers used rice husk, 30% saw dust, whereas 28.7% were of in favour of using sand in summer season, but there was no use of sand in winter season. Most of the farmers (82.7%) were aware of racking and change of litter material and 62.7% farmers used litter material from 1-2".
At all farms there was a strong labourer interaction, no labour disinfection was practiced. There was no restriction to farm visitors and at 8% farms other livestock was also present. At all farms vaccination was done by feed company vaccinators and role of private manifactured vaccines was observed to be 86.67%. It was noted that 49.3% farmers received 98-99% A grade chicks, whereas 92.67% farmers took help of middlemen in marketing of their birds.
Gumboro ranked first in prevalence of disease with a percentage of 52% and most of the farmers (64.1%) had mortality percentage ranging from 6-15%. It was find out that 83.33% farm labourers had charges in a range of 2001-2500 rupees and 82.6% labourers were raising from 1600-2500 birds. It was also found that 75.33% farmers had feeding cost from 65-70%. It was also evident that 86% farmers had vaccine and medication cost upto 5 rupees per bird. It was noted that almost at all the farms technical services were provided by the Technical staff of Feed Mills, Hatcheries and Pharmaceutical companies.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0612,T] (1).
