1.
Studies On The Babesia Canis And Ticks Of Dogs
by Abdul Haseeb Khan | Haji Ahmad Hashmi | Dr.Khalid Pervez | Dr.Khalid Saeed | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2001Dissertation note: The present study was conducted from September to November, 2000 to find out the prevalence and taxonomy of ticks and Babesia canis of dogs. In addition, their effect on haematological parameters was also studied. To find out the prevalence, 759 dogs were included in the study. The samples were collected from the dogs brought to Dog Hospital, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore, Private Veterinary clinics and from different Private Kennels present in and around Lahore.
Out of the total 759 dogs, 205 (27 %) dogs were found positive for single species of ticks i.e. Rhipicephalus sanguineous and 179 (23.5%) dogs were found positive for Babesia canis. Seventy four (9.7%) dogs were infested with only ticks and 48 (6.3%) dogs were found positive for only Babesia canis. Out of total 205 ticks infested dogs, 131 (63.3%) were found positive for Babesia canis.
For haematological study from the total examined dogs 80 (60 infected, 20 healthy) were selected and divided in to four groups A (mixed infection of ticks and Babesia), B (ticks only), C (Babesia only) and D (non-infected). Each group comprising of 20 animals.
The total erythrocytic count were 2.5x106±0.28/,il, 3.2x106±0.21/iil, 3.6x106±0.13/id and 4.9x106±0.18/j.d of group A, B, C and ID respectively. There was significant difference amongst group A, B, and C as compared to the control group-D. A significant difference amongst A-B, A-C was also noted. But no significant difference between group B and C could be recorded.
Hemoglobin estimation in group A was 7.1±0.33 g %, in B was 9.2±0.30 g % and in group C was 9.8±0.30 g %. It was revealed that there was significant decrease in hemoglobin contents as compared to group 'D' which showed 12.01±0.6 g %. There was significant difference between group A-B and A-C, but no significant difference between group B-C (P<0.05) was noted.
The animals belonging to group A, B, C and D had ESR as 40.15±3 mm/hour, 32.25±0.17 mm/hour, 25.2±1.1 mm/hour, and 16.3±1.3 mm/hour respectively. There was significant difference amongst the groups A, B, C as compared to group D. There were also significant difference amongst groups A-B, A-C and B-C (P<0.05). The RBC of the groups A, B, and C were found crenated and macrocytic hypochromic.
The overall results showed that effects of mixed infection of ticks and Babesia on haematology were more adverse as compared to the single infections of ticks or Babesia.
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2.
Treatment Of Experimentally Induced Coccidiosis And Its Effect On Various Blood Components In Quails
by Hameed, A | Dr. M. Sarwar Khan | Dr. Asif | Dr. Khalid Pervez | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1999Dissertation note: This project was designed to study the effect of experimentally induced coccidiosis on some blood parameters and its treatment with Amprolium 20% and Suiphadimidine alone and with Vitamin A and Vitamin K supplementation in quails. For this purpose one hundred and eighty (180) quails of two weeks old were obtained and reared controlled coccidia free conditions and provided coccidiostat free feed. At the age of 3 weeks birds were divided into 6 groups (i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F) comprising 30 birds in each groups.
Group-A: Infected and medicated with Amprolium.
Group-B: Infected and medicated with Sulphadimidine sodium.
Group-C: Infected and medicated with Amprolium and Vitamins
A&K.
Group-D: Infected and medicated with Suiphadimidine sodium and Vitamins A&K.
Group-E: Infected and non medicated.
Group-F: Non infected non-medicated (Control).
The clinical symptoms were more pronounced in those birds which were treated with Suiphadimidine and Amprolium without any supplementation of Vitamins A and K.
The mortality rate lower and OPG was nil at 12th day of medication in the group which was treated with Amprolium and Vitamins A&K supplementation than the other groups.
Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average weight gain of the birds was significantly improved by the addition of Vitamins A and K supplementation with Sulphadimidine and Amprolium than of the birds which were medicated without any vitamin supplementation. The average FCR of those groups which were medicated without vitamin supplementation and with vitamin supplementation were calculated as 3.9, 4.2, 3.7 and 3.9, respectively.
Haemoglobin estimation was also improved in the groups which were treated with the supplementation of vitamin A and vitamin K. And highest haemoglobin value was estimated in group C (9.8 gm/100 ml at 12th day of medication), which was medicated with Amprolium and vitamin A and vitamin K supplementation.
The study showed efficacy of Amproliurn and Suiphadimidine with Supplementation for vitamins A and K in descending order. Amprolium with supplementation of vitamins A and K was proved to be best drug against coccidiosis in quails.
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3.
A Study On The Effects Of Chemotherapy On Experimentally Induced Heterakis Gallinarum Infestation Of Layer Chicks
by Aatif Haseeb Ahmad | Dr.Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr.Khalid Pervez | Dr.Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 2001Dissertation note: Heterakis gallinarum is the commonest nematode inhibiting the digestive tract of poultry that inflects heavy economic losses in poultry industry through causing anaemia, reduced production and loss of weight. These symptoms show that parasitic diseases are the constraints in the development of profitable poultry industry. The present study was conducted to access the effectiveness of Albendazole (Farbenda 10%, Farvet) and Fenbendazole (Hunter 10, Frontline) against j gallinarum and effects of parasitism on blood parameters such as haemoglobin, TLC, DLC and weight gain in layer chicks.
For this purpose, 80, 6-week old layer (Fayoumi) were purchased from the local market and 60 birds were infected with . gallinarum ova (100 ova/bird) through oral route while 20 bird were kept as non-infected (control). Five randomly selected birds were slaughtered post infection period at 15th day to confirm the maturity of worms. On 28th day post infection, birds were divided into 3 groups A, B and C (15 bird/group), 15 birds remained as control group D. Five randomly selected birds from each group were slaughtered and worm count was done. On the same day treatment trial were started. On 33rd day post-infection (5th day post-medication), all birds were slaughtered and effect of Albendazole and Fenbendazole was ascertained on the parasite by counting them. According to results obtained, Albendazole which was given to group A, was 78.88% effective while Fenbendazole which was given to group B was 72.22% effective against H. gallinarum.
Blood samples were taken on 28th day and 33rd day post infection (5th day post-medication) for haematological studies. Significantly lower values of haemoglobin were estimated in infected groups A, B and C as compared to control group D, while higher values were obtained for heterophil, monocyte, eosinophil and basophil resulting in overall increase in total leukocyte count (TLC).
Chicks of group A, B, C and D were weighed on weekly basis starting from 12th day post infection to see the effect of II. gallinarum on body weight. There was a significant decrease in weight in group A, B and C as compare to control group D. Clinical signs of the diseased birds were noted and at the end of experiment, post-mortem examination was done to examine the intestinal lesions.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0729,T] (1).
4.
Effect Of Exposure Of Organophosphate Insecticide (Trichlorfon) On The Health Status Andweight Gain In Broiler Chicks
by Misbah Zulfiqar | Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Khan | Dr. Khalid Pervez | Dr. Muhammad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2002Dissertation note: The investigation was conducted to study the effects of organophos)hate insecticide Trichlorft)n (Nawagon) on heal Lii status, weight gain in broiler chicks and to see the elTicacy ol atropinc sulphate against this problem. Seventy five day old broiler chicks were reared upto 3 weeks of age under proper managemental conditions. At the end of 2nd week they were randomly divided into 5 groups i.e. A, 13, C, D and E containing 15 chicks in each group. Group A was maintained on a Iced containing Nawagon at dose rate of 20mg/kg in feed. Group B was maintained on a feed containing Nawagon at dose rate of 50mg/kg in feed . Group C was maintained on feed containing Nawagon at dose rate of 100mg/kg in feed. Group D was maintained on feed containing Nawagon at dose rate of 200mg/kg in feed. Group E was kept as control. A-Il the groups were maintained on this feed for 7 clays. The weights of birds from each group were taken bebore treatment with Nawagon.
The symptoms were recorded thrmighout the experiment and observed (hat during 4th week fteci intake of all the treated groups was decreased, growth was retarded significantly. Group A and B showed no symptoms. There were 3 mortalities in group C. The postmortem findings were small haemolThages throughout the body muscles liepatoinegaly, spleenomegaly, enlarged heart, swollen kidneys. All other birds of group C showed dyspnea, tremor exhaustion, in coordination and dropping of wings.
There were no mortalities in group D but birds showed dyspnea, tremors, exhaustion, in coordination, ataxia, dropping of wings and paralysis of legs. So some birds were disable to walk at the end of 4111 week.
During 5th week the birds of group C and D were treated with atropine sulphate. At the end of 3rd or 4th day of' 5 week. The birds were normal. Feed intake and growth was normal. Legs were normal. At the end of 6th week all the birds of treated group showed normal behaviour when compared with the control group. No clinical signs were observed in liver, heart, spleen and kidneys of group E (control).
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5.
Comparative Efficacy Of Screqing And Plating For The Repair Of Mid-Shaft Metacarpal Fracture In Dogs
by Shehla Gul Bokhari | Dr. Muhamad Arif Khan | Dr. Khalid Pervez | Dr. Muhamad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2004Dissertation note: The present research work was conducted to find the most effective method of internal fixation for the repair of short oblique mid-shaft metacarpal fracture in dogs. For this purpose, 12 mongrel dogs of either sex were selected and randomly divided into three groups, i.e. A, B and C, comprising four animals each. Short oblique third metacarpal fractures were created in either limb with the help of surgical saw, chisel and hammer, under general anesthesia (Pentothal sodium). In Group A, internal fixation was carried out using a miniature finger plate of size: 2.7mm. On the other hand, internal fixation in Group B was achieved by the application of a single cortical bone screw (size: 2.7mm).Group C served as the Control group and in these animals, no method of internal fixation was applied. The post-operative period was monitored by regular clinical evaluation of wound healing, lameness examination of the dogs at walk and trot, respectively, and the radiographic assessment of callus formation after every 15 days' interval. Post-mortem examination of each animal was also conducted at the end of the 12 weeks' experimental period, to check the gross lesions at the fractured site. Finally, the data thus collected was statistically analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance. The healing of the wound was quite promising in Group A, delayed and complicated in Group B and satisfactory in Group C. Lameness subsided remarkably in Group A, so that after 12 weeks, the dogs returned to their normal gait with a fully functional limb both, at walk, as well as, at trot. However, in Group B, the dogs recovered slowly, with signs of obvious lameness even on termination of the experimental period. Similar findings were observed in the dogs belonging to Group C, which depicted the picture of marked lameness in their gait. Radiographic evaluation carried out for the three groups, showed evidence of ideal bone union with a desired amount of callus formation in Group A, which was not found in dogs of the other two groups. On post-mortem examination, gross lesions were also found to be of superior degree in the plated dogs when compared to the animals in the other groups. Besides this, statistical analysis also revealed that the technique of plating had an edge over those cases which were left untreated. Hence, on the basis of clinical picture, it was concluded that plating was the best suited method for the ideal repair of short oblique metacarpal fractures, especially in those precious breeds of dogs which are kept for athletic and hunting purposes.
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