1.
In- Silico Functional Prediction Of Prion Protein Polymorphisms In Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
by Sana jafar | DR. Nuhammad imran | Dr. Muhammad yasir zahoor | Ms. Faiza.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2011,T] (1).
2.
The Study Of Retinoblastoma (Rb) Gene Mutations Involved In Different Types Of Cancers In Dogs And Cats.
by Siddra Pervaiz | Dr. Muhammad Wasim | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1632,T] (1).
3.
Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid Extraction & Qantification From Human Saliva Deposited On Fruits With Human Bite
by Shahid Nazir | Dr. Muhammad Wasim | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Ms. Faiza.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1717,T] (1).
4.
Analysis Of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene Polymorphism Implicated In Tumors Including Oralsquamous Cell
by Noveen nawaz | Dr. Muhammad Wasim | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Yasir zahoor.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1998,T] (1).
5.
In Silico Functional Prediction Of Prion Protein Polymorphisms In Chronic Qasting Disease
by Iqra khizar | DR. Muhammad imran | Dr. Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad yasir zahoor.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2024,T] (1).
6.
Effect of Gold Nano Particles on Parthenogenetic Activation of Mouse Occytes By Strontium Chloride
by Muhammad Tahir (2008-VA-169) | Dr. Amjad Riaz | Dr. Shamaila Shahzadi | Dr. Ijaz Ali Channa | Dr.Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Blank CD. Availability: No items available
7.
Effect of Gold Nano Particles on Parthenogenetic Activation of Mouse Occytes By Strontium Chloride
by Muhammad Tahir (2008-VA-169) | Dr. Amjad Riaz | Dr. Shamaila Shahzadi | Dr. Ijaz Ali Channa | Dr.Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Blank CD. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2238-T] (1).
8.
Genetic Characterization Of Pakistani Wild Quails Using Mitochondrial Coi Gene
by Wajiha Shakil (2012-VA-817) | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Prof. Dr. Tahir Yaqub.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: A latest taxonomic tool termed as DNA barcoding is being used to genetically characterize animals. DNA barcoding is helpful in determining evolutionary relationship among species. Being a small sized genome and agile enough to show rapid mutation, mtDNA has been used as a pertinent marker of molecular biodiversity. DNA barcode works as an efficient tool in food manufacturing industry, diet investigation, forensics analysis, preventing unlawful trade and felonious poaching. The aim of this study was to develop DNA barcode for genetic characterization of Pakistani wild quail. Pakistani wild quail is important due to its demand for eggs, meat production, experimental purposes and gaming as well. Japanese quail was also included in this study because this quail is excessively produced in Pakistani farms. Japanese quail is present throughout the year and is comparatively bigger in size than wild quail. It has longer lifespan; farmers can easily breed this species in farms. It is suitable in poultry due to better meat yield.
COI gene (500bp) was used as a molecular marker for identification at species level. DNA was extracted from blood samples of ten wild quails (Coturnix coturnix and fifteen japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). Reported bird universal primers were used to amplify COI region from the extracted mtDNA samples using PCR. Amplicon were then sequenced by Sanger sequencing method (Sanger et al. 1977). Forward and reverse DNA Sequences were aligned with the reference sequence using nucleotide BLAST on NCBI to observe the dissimilarity among the sequences. Consensus sequences generated were used to construct their phylogenetic tree to see their evolutionary relationship with other bird species. Japanese quail which is thought to be domesticated from Japan, its Pakistani population showed close relation with sequences
Summary
90
generated in Japan for this particular species. Pakistani wild quail species showed its closest linkage with C. coturnix.
In conclusion, COI barcode proved as an authentic tool for species identification and phylogenetic inference of Pakistani wild and farm grown quails. Wild quail species has been characterized using partial COI gene sequences. This study has provided a specific genetic marker which can differentiate Japanese quail from wild quail at molecular level as most of the time both species are confused with each other. It can be helpful to the farmers and bird fanciers because they can select the birds of their choice correctly. This is the first study reporting DNA barcode of this Pakistani quail species. It would help researchers to study about phylogenetic and taxonomic status and also assist quail fanciers and quail farmers to unaffectedly identify their species of interest in farming. Identification of quail species is also important for conservation of biodiversity as it helps in preservation and identification of endangered species by generating their barcodes from even minimal evidence available. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2311-T] (1).
9.
Prevalence And Risk Analysis Of Coxiella Burnetii In Soil Of Faisalabad And Gujranwala Districts
by Zia Ul Hasnain (2007-VA-290) | Dr. Muhammad Zubair Shabbir | Dr. Arfan Ahmed | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Coxiella burnetii is a causative agent of Q-fever, a widespread zoonosis. The effective adaptation of C. burnetii to intracellular existence is in contrast with its ability to survive in the environment outside the host cells and its resistance to chemical and physical agents. Besides nutrients and minerals, soil is aggregate of number of pathogens. Many of those organisms are of zoontoic importance and have significant threat to public health. One of these is Coxiella burnetii that has been reported from other countries including the neighboring to Pakistan. Its occurrence in soil, clinical significance and importance to human and animal health has been reported; nevertheless nothing is known of C. burnetii in Pakistan particularly in rural setup where human and animals are in close proximity to each other as well as the fact that how different risk factors can be implicated in its spread and survival in the soil. PCR helps to identify the organism on the basis of its genome and it is highly preferable over other conventional detection assays. Soil borne C. burnetii has not shown any association with different risk factors. The factors include presence or absence of pathogens with or without animal interaction, distance from animal market, main road, canal, animal and human density in a village under study. PCR technique was used to identify C. burnetii in the soils of Faisalabad and Gujranwala district. Soil samples (n= 730) were collected from each village of the both districts and processed for genome extraction using commercial soil DNA extraction kit. The extracted DNA from the soil samples was run further for PCR analysis of transposase IS1111a followed by standard gel electrophoresis technique. Only 6 (0.82%) samples were positive out of 730. Furthermore pathogens prevalence was geographically mapped in relation to roads, canals,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Summary
45
rivers, drains, animal and human population to determine the risk areas according to intensity of identified pathogens for both districts. Odd Ratio was calculated to access the association in terms of absence or presence of pathogens with particular risk factors, which did not show any kind of association between pathogen and risk factors. The phylogenetic analysis of C. burnetii shows different convergence percentage with the isolates of worldwide i.e., Namibia (99.53%), Brazil (100%), Taiwan (99.53%), India (99.07%).
Study was contributed to understand about the previously unrevealed prevalence of C. burnetii in soil of district Gujranwala and Faisalabad together with risk factor analysis implicating possible health significance as well as survival in the soil. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2312-T] (1).
10.
The Variability Analysis of The Gene Encoding HCV Non-Structural Protein NS2
by Abdul Rehman (2009-VA-546) | Dr. M. Imran | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Ms. Faiza Masood.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Theses submitted with blank cd. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2337-T] (1).
11.
Mapping The Genetic Diversity Of The Populations Of Cirrhinus Mrigala Through Mitochondrial Atpase 6/8 Genes From Indus Riverine System Of Pakistan
by Noor Muhammad (2014-VA-543) | Dr. Fayyaz Rasool | Mrs. Shakeela Parveen | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: This study was mapping the genetic diversity of Cirrhinus mrigala by using molecular markers for the ATPase 6/8 gene region. Samples of the target fish specie were collected from the different sites at the Indus riverine system of the Pakistan i.e Chenab (Head Qadirabad), Jhelum(Head Rasul), Ravi(Head Balloki) and Indus (Head Taunsa). Morphommetric parameters viz., Body weight, Girth, Total Length, Fork Length,Head length, Lengths of Caudal, Pectoral, Ventral Fins were recorded manually using measuring scale. After recording morphometric parameters blood from fish samples was drawn from caudal fin of the Fish, collected in Vautainer and immediately transferred into the Lab of IBBT where it is preserved in -80C for future use in DNA extraction. Phenol Chloroform Method of Genomic DNA extraction was used to extract whole blood DNA. The extracted DNA of the samples was run on 0.8% agarose gel by using electrophoresis of the DNA. Nanodrop was used to find out the concentration of DNA after that DNA was diluted according to the Need with deionized water. The PCR of ATPase 6/8 primers were used to amplify the target gene. The PCR product was confirm on 1.2% agarose gel. These gels were visualized in UV light and photographs were taken by Gel Documentation System (BIO-RAD, Gel-DOC EZ imager). After the visualizing of quality of band confirmation the samples were sent to be sequencing. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for the different morphometric parameters was done by XLSTAT 2012 version 1.02. ANOVA results showed that all the morphomteric parameters were highly significant (p<0.01) within as well as between the groups. Pearson correlation analysis off overall population show that the body weight is positively correlated with the Fork Length, Total Length, Ventral Fin length, caudal Fin Length, Girth, with significant difference. Fork length is positively correlated with Total length, Ventral
Fin Length, Caudal Fin length, Pectoral Fin Length, with significant difference among other parameters. Total Length is positively correlated with Girth, Pectoral Fin Length, Ventral Fin Length, Caudal Fin Length, Girth, and Weight with significant difference among them. NJ methods suggested that existed relationship among different species located at different geographical locations. They all have a common ancestry. A strong relationship exists between fish species collected from different locations at Indus riverine system of Pakistan.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2479-T] (1).
12.
Biochemical And Homology Analysis Of Jak2 Gene In Canines And Hominidae
by Marya Saadullah Khan (2014-VA-324) | Ms. Huma Mujahid | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Cancers are considered to be the most lethal of all diseases known out of which myeloproliferative neoplasms comprise of a very little percentage.The frequency of these disorders is known in human beings and a lot of work has been done on humans. But there is a lot of scope for research on this area in canines. As dogs were found to have strong homology with human beings, we compared canine cJAK2 exon 13 sequence with the humanhJAK2 exon 13 and found 96 % homology. Mutations in JAK2 gene are well known to cause three types of disorders i.e. polycythemia vera caused by a well-known point mutation in exon 14 causing substitution of valine for phenylalanine in JH2 domain of the protein.Essential thrombocythemia and idiopathic myelofibrosis may also be caused by this mutation but similar clinical conditions arise without the presence of this mutation. Studies have revealed that other point mutations such as deletion, addition or substitution are also responsible for these disorders.
JAK2 is an intracellular protein which performs phosphorylation of STAT molecules upon their activation. Although the whole protein in its good state is important for its function but the two domains JH1 and JH2 are vital. JH1 domain acts as a tyrosine kinase enzyme and its activity is controlled by JH2 domain also known as pseudo tyrosine kinase domain. Any mutation in these domains leads to protein conformation defect and thus prevents its performance. Besides V617F mutation, other mutations are being discovered in this part of gene. Researchers have found mutations in exon 12, 13 and 15 that have been found to be involved in development of myeloproliferative neoplasms in different cases of patients.
Blood picture do not reveal any direct clue except for increased erythrocytes alone or along with other cells like increased platelets. Therefore blood indices are not reliable parameter to indicate the type of mutation involved in these disorders. Also LDH and EPO levels are not correlated with the disorder. Although EPO test must be done to exclude the possibility of secondary PV and erythropoiesis.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2544-T] (1).
13.
Identification Of Genetic Variants In The Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene Causing Familial Hypercholesterolemia And Its Sequence Homology With Mus Musculus
by Ameer Hassan (2014-VA-504) | Dr. Wasim Shehzad | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is caused by mutations in the genes coding for the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B-100, or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). In this study, a molecular analysis of LDLR gene was performed in 20 unrelated patients from Pakistan. All patients were clinically diagnosed with definite or possible hypercholesterolemia according to a uniform protocol and internationally accepted WHO criteria. Preferable study was made to highlight the Genetic variation in Exon 4 of LDLR gene associated with defective catabolism of cholesterol effecting lipid metabolism which results in Familial Hypercholesterolemia. The extraction of genomic DNA was done from all selected blood samples. By selecting primers they were synthesized and optimized on extracted DNA samples. PCR product was sequenced and aligned. Mutations in the LDLR gene and its sequenced homology with Mus musculus were analyzed. We didn’t found any polymorphisms in the LDLR gene exon 4. So we concluded that there is no association between SNPs and increased levels of cholesterol in Pakistani population. More research should be carried out in Pakistan by increasing the sample size and considering the other regions of LDLR gene. This study will help the early detection and treatment of such cases and may ultimately reduce the incidence of mortality due to myocardial infarction. Apart from diagnosis, we also suggest it will be a potential therapeutic strategy to manage FH. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2538-T] (1).
14.
Assessment Ofgenetic Polymorphism In The Tph Gene As Susceptible Factor For Aggressive Behavior In Criminals From Prisonsof Punjab, Pakistan
by Zonash Riaz (2010-VA-479) | Dr. Saadat Ali | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Dr. Wasim Shehzad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Aggression is perceived as hostile, injurious, or destructive behavior often caused by frustration, can be collective or individual. Genetic studies have associated several genes with aggression in humans. One of the candidate genes that turned out to be associated with aggression, anger, and impulsivity is the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) gene. We investigated the polymorphism in the TPH gene in the unrelated male individuals in the Punjab ethnic backgrounds who were administered the Punjabi translation of Buss and Perry aggression questionnaire. The questionnaire measured four aspects of aggression: physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility (Buss and Perry, 1992).Scores ± SD of 83.544± 26.63 was obtained for Buss and Perry aggression questionnaire. TPH is a rate-limiting biosynthetic enzyme in the serotonin pathway and regulates levels of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT) by converting tryptophan into 5-hydroxytryptophan, which is the direct precursor of 5-HT.
It is conceivable that variations in the TPH gene could contribute to low activity of the 5-HT system. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that show associations to aggression and anger-related traits have been detected in intron 7 of TPH gene.DNA of individuals categorized into controls and criminal groups was extracted by organic method of DNA extraction.The targeted region of the TPH gene was amplified by the primers designed against intron seven. The amplified Pcr product was precipitated and it was sent for sequencing. The resultant sequenced data was then compared on the basis of Buss and Perry aggression scores. All unrelated male individuals from the Punjab ethnic groups were assessed on the scales showing scores for physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility. The minimum score for the respondents were 65 and highest score for the respondents were 135 among the criminal group while control have minimum scores of 50 and maximum scores of 113.Mean scores and standard deviations were calculated for criminals and control groups. Control group havephysical aggressionmean scores ± SD19.318 ± 6.21, verbal aggressionmean scores ± SD17.590± 4.41,angermean scores ± SD23 ± 6.868and hostility mean scores ± SD23.636± 9.12and total mean scores ± SD83.544± 26.63while criminals have physical aggressionmean scores ± SD28.2±8.134, verbal aggressionmean scores ± SD20.4±4.427, anger mean scores ± SD27.3±6.97and hostilitymean scores ± SD28.1±7.72and totalmean scores ± SD04.2±20.47.Mean aggression values for the criminals was 104 and for controls was 83, higher in criminals as expected. Criminals groups exhibited greater level of aggression as compared to that of control groups on the basis of four scales of aggression i.e. physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility.
Observed genotypic frequencies among the control groups were 0.7 for CC, 0.3 for the AC and 0 for AA whereas genotypic frequencies amongst criminal group were 0.3 for CC, 0.6 for AC and 0.1 for AA. Controls carried higher genotypic frequencies for normal CC genotype than criminals whereas the genotypic frequencies for AA and AC genotypes were higher in Criminal group.Observed allelic frequencies amongst the control group was 0.8 for C and 0.15 for A whereas observed allelic frequencies amongst the criminal group was 0.4 for A and 0.6 for C. Controls carried higher allelic frequencies for the normal C allele while criminals carried higher allelic frequencies for A allele.In our study proportion of the less common (A or U) alleles was 40%, and the proportion of the more common (C or L) alleles was 60% in criminal group as compared to 15% of A allele and 85% of C allele in the control group. Statistical analysis has associated significantly Criminals and controls group at P value less than 0.05.
Advances in the understanding of the genes modulating aggression can contribute meaningfully to a rational assessment and treatment of individuals with pathological aggression and a predisposition to violence. Results can be utilized for the screening of Aggression in the individuals for forensic applications. In future studies, other polymorphism in TPH and other aggression related genes may also be analysed in Pakistani population.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2595-T] (1).
15.
Genetic Analysis Of Slc24a5 Polymorphism In Pakistani Population, In Association With Human Skin Pigmentation As An Externally Visible Characteristic Parameter
by Asma Hameed (2008-VA-332) | Dr. Saadat Ali | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Dr. Muhammad Imran.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Human skin pigmentation is a phenotypic trait that varies within a population or among different populations. In addition to the genetic factors, some of the diseases (may be genetic or epigenetic), exposure to UV or usage of cosmetics may also be involved in the pigmentation outlook. It is possible to predict human identity on the basis of DNA polymorphisms in the genes coding human phenotypic characteristics.
In case of human skin pigmentation various genes are responsible to code variability among which SLC24A5 is an important contributor. This area of research is important in the field of forensic science in cases where reference samples are not available for comparison with the DNA profiles obtained from the crime scene evidence. SNPs in the coding region of exon3 (84bp) of SLC24A5 related to skin pigmentation (as reported in literature) are associated to a predictable variation in skin color in Pakistani Population.
Blood samples (62) were collected from the participants having three types of skin coloration fair= 20, medium=22 and dark=20 from general population belonging to Punjab. Organic method (Phenol chloroform extraction method) of DNA extraction was used. After extraction DNA was quantified on nanodrop spectrophotometer. Primers for the exonic region 3 of SLC24A5 gene were designed using primer 3 software. PCR amplification of the selected region was done through touch down PCR. DNA after obtaining PCR products was purified and the samples were sequenced bi directionally on ABI 3130XL Genetic analyzer.
The results of sequencing were analyzed using CHROMAS Lite 2.1 software. Sequence was converted into Fasta Format required for alignment study. Alignment tools like Blast were required for SNPs identification and comparison of all the sample sequences with the reference sequence. Mean color scores and mean ages of all the skin color groups were calculated separately in both male and female participants. Two types of genotypes were observed i.e, AA and AG. 24 out of the total sample size showed heterozygous peaks and confirmed the polymorphism also in Pakistani population at position 299 of the sequence. Difference between allelic and genotype frequency of studied gene were evaluated and by t test and association analysis to check out the significance of the studied data with the skin coloration was done and it was concluded that AA genotype is significantly associated with fair skin color in male and female population. Furthermore, AG genotype was significantly associated with dark skin coloration in female population. This type of study reveals that after the genetic analysis of the DNA obtained from the crime scene, prediction of skin color/hue of crime related individuals of fair skin color as well as dark skin color belonging to Pakistani Population can be made in those cases where reference samples are not available. So this can be used as a genotypic marker for screening out and forensic identification of individuals in various crime cases where reference samples are not available for comparison purposes and matching suspects. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2608-T] (1).
16.
Microbiome Analysis Of Human Normal Specific Flora From Skin Of Laborers And Academic Professionals Of Lahore For Forensic Application
by Talha Umair (2014-VA-941) | Dr. Wasim Shehzad | Dr. Saadat Ali | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Human microbiota or normal flora is the aggregate of microorganisms that resides on the
surface of skin, oral mucosa, conjunctiva and GIT. Human skin has a complex variety of
microbial system and varieties of microbes mean that they are potential source of forensic
identification because human microbiome varies individual to individual due to differences
in hygiene, professions and region to region because of some environmental factors and
microbial flora can shed more frequently upon touching any kind of surfaces and microbes
are left for long time at any surface so can be identified easily.
Human microbiota varies individual to individual so it may become potential source for
forensic identification of individuals through specific microbiome analysis.
Fourty Samples were obtained by swabbing from the palm surfaces of hands and soles of feet
of individuals of different professional groups in order to recover bacterial communities.
Bacterial culturing and Bacterial DNA extraction followed by the implementation of 16S
rRNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the PCR
product, allowed an even more comprehensive broad range investigation of bacterial
communities. Bioinformatics analysis was done to compare microbial communities.
This research elaborated the significance of skin microbial communities in identifying
individuals and can be a major contribution in forensic science to find and identify
individuals when there is less major evidence, i.e. human DNA and body fluids. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2639-T] (1).
17.
Epidemiology, Zoonotic Potential, Molecular Characterization And Therapeutic Trial Of Leptospirosis In Horses
by Muhammad Luqman Sohail (2007-VA-94) | Dr. Muhammad Avais | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Leptospirosis is an important zoonotic disease. It affects a wide range of mammals, fish and even a few reptiles. It is caused by Leptospira interrogans, having more than 250 serovars, distributed geographically throughout the world. In horses, Leptospira interrogans causes liver and renal abnormalities, ERU, and reproductive disorders in mares like abortion, perinatal death and still birth. It is transmitted to human beings, working with live or dead tissue of infected horses and through surfaces contaminated with urine of carrier or infected animals. In humans, it causes influenza like illness and death in severe cases. Serological testing, bacterial culture and molecular techniques are used for the diagnosis of disease. This study was aimed at estimating the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in horses and humans of three climatically distinct regions of Punjab, Pakistan. Furthermore, molecular biology techniques were employed for the confirmed diagnosis of equine leptospirosis and therapeutic efficacy of ampicillin and adhatoda vasica was analyzed against disease. It was the very first study in Pakistan conducted to explore equine leptospirosis in the country.
During this study, 384 horse blood samples and epidemiological data were collected from three climatically distinct regions, viz;Rawalpindi, Lahore and Bahawalpur (128 from each study area) and were subjected to ELISA to determine seroprevalence of Leptospira. Results showed overall prevalence of 33.85% in Punjab with highest prevalence in Rawalpindi (40.62%) which experienced highest rainfall, followed by Lahore (38.28%), and least in Bahawalpur (22.65%). Risk factor analysis showed that age, gender, living area, herd size, water source, exposure to rodents and floods, feeding practices and usage of animals were found significantly associated with the disease. To study the seroprevalence of human leptospira, 360 human blood samples were collected (120 from each study area). Epidemiological data on pre-structured questionnaire
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were collected from all the participants of study. All the samples were subjected to ELISA and results showed overall prevalence of 40.83%, with highest seroprevalence in Rawalpindi (50.83%), followed by Lahore (38.28%) and least in Bahawalpur (27.50%). Age, gender, occupational and living area, water recreational activities, occupation, exposure to floods, educational status and history of wound were significantly associated risk factors while use of PPE during work was deterrent.
During this study, 65 ELISA positive horse samples were subjected to molecular biology diagnostic technique PCR for the molecular characterization of equine leptospirosis in country. After DNA extraction, PCR was performed using primer sets specific for 16S rRNA gene, which yielded a fragment of length 306bp after gel electrophoresis. Out of 65 tested samples, 20 samples (30.76%) were PCR positive and was further sequenced and phylogenetic tree was constructed. Dendogram showed the sequenced samples were related to pathogenic Leptospira interrogans, revealing potential of 16S rRNA primer sets for the detection of eqine leptospirosis in country. Dendogram further showed closed resemblance of analyzed samples with serovar Icterohemmorhagae, Australis and Autumunalis which are dominant serovars in India, Iran and China, the neighboring countries of Pakistan. Therapeutic efficacy of ampicillin and AV was studied by analyzing the hematology, liver function test, renal function tests and serum mineral levels at day 0 (pre-treatment), 7, 21 and 35 (post-treatment). Results showed that all the tested parameters were changed significantly during infection and significant improvement was observed after treatment. Ampicillin was instrumental in revealing hematological abnormalities while AV played important role in normalizing the liver and renal insufficiency. After treatment ampicillin treated 58.33% of animals and AV treated 41.66% of animals.
Summary
141
This first ever study of equine leptospirosis in country uncovers the high prevalence rates in horses and humans and raises a need for control strategies to prevent the transmission and spread of the disease. It also highlights the potential of molecular biology techniques for the confirmed diagnosis of equine leptospirosis and explores options for designing better specie specific treatment regimes for the disease. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2660-T] (1).
18.
Immuno Protective Role Of Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine (Lasota)Strainunder Immunosuppressive Confitions In Broilers Challanged With Ndv Isolates Of Chicken And Pigeon Orign
by Iqra Rauf (2011-va-403) | Dr. Irshad Hussain | Muhammad Aasad ali | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: CD Corrupt. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2831-T] (1).
19.
Study On Polymorphism Of Promoter Region Of Bovine Lactoferrin Gene And Its Relation With Mastitis In Nili Ravi Buffalo
by Muhammad Asim (2012-VA-636) | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Dairy animals in Pakistan and worldwide are facing most persistent and economically affecting
disease mastitis. Only a healthy buffalo can produce good quality milk of physiologically normal
composition. Mammary gland inflammation due to mastitis badly affects the quantity and quality
of milk and this causes big loss to dairy industry. Even province Punjab bears economic losses of
240 million per annum due to mastitis.
Susceptibility and resistance to mastitis is affected by the variation in immunity genes. Among
immunity genes Lactoferrin (LF) have important role in immune defense system and perform
antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory function. LF is found in most of body fluids like,
milk, blood, tear, saliva, bile and mucous. Polymorphism in promoter region of Lactoferrin gene
is associated with mastitis susceptibility and resistance. For screening of the mastitis
susceptibility and resistance of dairy buffaloes, LF is a potential candidate gene.
The present study was designed for the identification of polymorphism in LF gene associated
with mastitis. Blood samples from 20 Nili Ravi buffalos having clinical and subclinical mastitis
were selected. Blood samples of normal Nili Ravi buffalos were also collected. DNA was
extracted; specific primers for amplification of LF gene were designed with Primer-3 software
by using already reported sequence on NCBI.
Amplification of LF gene performed by PCR and sequenced the amplicon. A comparative
analysis of sequence result was performed by using NCBI BLAST. BioEdit software was used to
perform multiple sequence alignment. Comparison analysis of LF gene promoter region shows
multiple mutations in in clinical and subclinical as compare to reported sequence (accession no.
EF650854) at NCBI. While normal samples sequence results are similar to reference data. These
results show LF is a candidate gene for mastitis resistance. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2923-T] (1).
20.
Identification Of Pkhd1 Gene Mutation In Polycystic Kidney Disease And In-Silico Molecular Characterization In Different Mammals
by Taslim Un Nisa (2015-VA-1105) | Dr. Wasim Shehzad | Dr Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Prof.Dr. Aftab Ahmad Anjum.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Fibrocystin is a large, receptor-like protein that is involved in the tubulogenisis and maintenance of duct-lumen architecture of epithelium. Fibrocystin has a combination with the primary cilia of epithelial cell. Renal tubules (small tube) of kidney where urine is formed lined by tiny hair like projection.
Twenty five suspected patient was selected and DNA extracted through organic extraction method from the suspected patient blood. Primers were designed PKHD1gene’s coding sequence located at 6p12.2 in human. The coding region sequenced using the ready mate terminator Sequencing Reaction Kit by Perkin Elmer/ABI and read in an automated sequencer. The allele’s variants have been only reported for Fibrocystin protein in human.
All of the sequences are evaluated by using Chromas and Bioedit software for sequence analysis. The in-silico protein analysis is done for normal and mutated alleles through UCSC and RAPTROX. Homology analysis was also done between human and mammals DNA sequence.
We found mutations which are associated with ARPKD disease and these variants are most common in other population whereas we also found some new variants. There are some reported mutations which we found in our study such as (c3790C>T),(c3891G>T),(c3790C>T). We found three new mutations in PKHD1 gene. The new mutations which we found are (c3681G>A),(c3804C>T),(c3931A>C).These mutations (c3790C>T) and (c3931A>C) in the exon 32 show significant effect on the gene and protein function. Geneticanalysis of PKHD1gene show thatPakistanifamilies have mutations as compared to other population along with some common exonic regions such as exon 32 whichisalsodescribed by others in two different studies.We also analyze the pedigrees of these patients which are consanguineous families and autosomal recessive polycystic disease.
We found total six mutations in this gene including missense/ synonymous mutations. In which, three novel mutations and others are reported mutations. These variations from the results are due to the population and consanguineous families’ pattern.In our study, we also found that Mouse and Chickencan preferably be used as a modal organisms in pathology.This study will also help us in the development of molecular genetic testing for their detection in Pakistani families and population.
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