1.
Concentration Of Serum Electrolytes In Buffaloes In The Late Pregnancy Parturition & Postparturition Periods
by Shahzad Hussain | Dr.Muhammad Amir Saeed | Dr.Muhammad | Prof.Dr Rashid ahmad ch | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2000Dissertation note: This study was executed on 30 pregnant Nili-Ravi buffaloes. Serum was harvested for the estimation of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and iron in the late pregnancy (at 8t5 and 9th month of gestation), at parturition and in the postpartum periods (at 1st and 2" month postpartum). The mean values of Ca were 9.30, 7.95, 6.90, 8.43 and 7.33 mg/dl and of Mg were 2.38, 2.18,.2.81, 2.61 and 2.50 mgldl of serum in the above mentioned 5 stages, respectively. The mean concentration of P was 6.98, 4,15, 3,177, 4,76 and 5.38 mg/dl, respectively. The mean concentrations of Na were 147.14, 145.71, 146.50, 141.37 and 137.69 mmol/1 and of K were 4.90, 4.53, 4.31, 4.53 and 4.38 (mmol/1) of serum, respectively. The mean value of Fe was 269,36, 225.58, 212.82, 260.77 and 282.31 pg/dl of serum, respectively. The concentrations of Ca and P were significantly (P< 0.05) lower at the time of parturition. The value of Mg was significantly (P<zO.05) higher at the time of parturition. The concentrations of Na and K did not show much variation. The values of Fe also decreased significantly (P<0.0S) near parturition (at month of gestation) and at parturition. No puerperal disorder was observed in any of the experimental animals. Hence, the data of normal electrolyte values near parturition, at parturition and following parturition was obtained.
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2.
Effect Of Two Sources Of Protein Feeding On Induction Of Estrus In Buffalo Heifers
by Younas Muhammad | Dr. Muhammad Amir Saeed | Dr.Muhammad | Dr.Muhmamd Aleem | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2003Dissertation note: This study was executed with the objective to study the effect of two sources of protein feeding on the induction of estrous in Nili- Ravi buffalo heifers. Eight non-cyclic Nili-Ravi buffalo heifers with approximately same age, body weight and body condition score were divided into two equal groups (n4) and subjected to a six months trial. Group A animals were fed ration-i having cotton seed cage aria maize on caie wnereas, group U animals were fed ration-II having urea as protein source, respectively. Non-significant (P>O.05) difference was observed in the body weight gain (80.26± 17.37 Vs. 8 1 . 17± 10.50) and change in body Condition score (0.75±0.25 Vs. 0.75±0.25) between groupsA and 13, respectively at the end of the study. The difference was significant (PcO.05) for services per conception (1.50±0.29 Vs. 2.00±0.58), conception rate (50.00±0.2 Vs. 25.00±0.2 1%) overall pregnancy rate (75.00±0.25 Vs. 50.00±0.29%) and days to onset of estrous (44.25±15.37 Vs. 26.5±2.50 days) between the groups A and 13, respectively. It was concluded that urea as a protein source did not interface with body weight performance and body condition scores but it adversely affected the reproductive performance (higher number of services/conception and lower conception and pregnancy rate).
In the light of the above mentioned results it is recommended that ration containing urea is useful for beef animals and pregnant animals. As the number of animals in this study were less, so the results could not be more reliable. So it is suggested that in future the same experiment should be conducted on a large number of animals.
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3.
Efficacy Of Gentamicin And Enrofloxacin In Endometritis In Postpartum Buffalo
by Muhammad Assad Javaid | Dr. Muhammad Amir Saeed | Dr. Muhammad Aleem | Prof. Dr | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2004Dissertation note: This study was carried out on 40 postpartum buffaloes suffering from endometritis with the objective that if gentamicin (@ 4mg/kg body weight, I/M) or enrofloxacin (@ 5mg/kg body weight, I/M) for 3 consecutive days is effective against the endometritis. Twenty postpartum, untreated, healthy buffaloes were kept as control (group C). The uterine characteristics and blood samples for haematological studies were examined before (day 0) and after treatment (day 4). Mucus samples were examined for fern pattern at first estrus before treatment and after treatment. Both the treatment did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) among them; however, they had significantly (P< 0.05) beneficial effect on cervical diameter, location of uterus, texture of uterine wall and symmetry of uterine horns. Intensity of uterine infection was cured sigtnificantly. The haematological values revealed a significant improvement (P<0.05 in EST, Hb and TLC in endometritic animals (group A and B) but the difference was non significant in control group. Whereas value of TEC was non significant in group A and C and significant improvement was observed in group B after treatment. Moreover, when we compare the 3 groups (A,B and C) to each other, non significant difference was observed among the Hb concentration in three groups. Whereas, ESr was not significant between group A,B and C, but was significant between groups B and C (P<0.05). in TEC, the values were significant difference in group A with C group B with group C. but no significant difference in group A with group B. and in TLC, there was significant difference in group A with group B and group ?A with group C, but no significant difference in group B with group C. similarly in DLC the values of eosinophils were significant in group A. but no significant difference in group B and group C in before and after treatment. In neutrophils, there were significant differences in values of group B but no significant difference in group A and group C. also in lymphocytes, significant difference was found in group B, but was not no significant difference in group A and C in before and after treatment. As in basophils, monocytes, there was no significant difference in before treatment and after treatment. Furthermore, when these DLC value were compare with each other after treatment, there was significant difference in neutrophils and lymphocytes within group A with B, A with C and B with C. in monocytes, significant difference was found in A with C group and group B with C, but no significant difference in A with B. In eosinophils, no significant difference was found in all three groups. And in basophils, significant difference was found in group A with C and B with C. but no significant difference in A group with B group. The physical signs (uterine tone, vulvular swelling, hyperemia, and wetness in vagina, switching of tail, mucus discharge) and behavioural signs (Micruration, rising of tail, bellowing, mounting and restlessness of estrus were studied. After treatment estrus was observed in 45% of group A and 55% of group B buffaloes. The pregnancy rate was 60% in group A and 50% in group B buffaloes. This was comparable to the pregnancy rate in group C buffaloes (62%). And there were no significant difference in the conception rates. It is concluded that both gentamicin and enrofloxacin are equally effective for the treatment of postpartum endometritic buffaloes.
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4.
Effect Of Norgestomet And Gnrh On Besumptio Nof Cyclicity And Pertility In Early Postpartum Non-Suckled Buffaloes
by Attiq Ullah | Dr. Muhammad Amir Saeed | Dr. Khalid | Prof. Dr. Nasim Ahmad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2004Dissertation note: Delayed resumption of postpartum estrus activity is the most vital factor responsible for poor reproductive efficiency of dairy buffaloes. This study was designed to induce ovulation in early postpartum buffaloes (30-37 days). Fifteen Nili-Ravi buffaloes with a mean postpartum period 32.6±2.72 were randomly divided into three equal groups A, B and C (n=5) on the basis of parity, postpartum period, age and milk production. The animals in group A were given Norgestomet implant at day 32.8±2.94 postpartum period for 9 days. One day after removal of implants animals were given Dalmeralin (Leciren). The animals of group B given only Norgestomet implant at day 32.4±2.50 postpartum for 9 days. Group C animals acted as control and did not receive any treatment.
Same number of animals (4/5) exhibited estrus in both groups A and B. None of the buffaloes in-group C showed estrus. It is concluded that treatment of norgestomet or norgestomet + GnRH in early postpartum buffaloes, are able to induce estrus, however, fertility remain compromised.
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5.
Effect Of Hormone Addition (Pgf 2 Alpha) And Oxytocin In Semen Extender On Post Thaw Semen Quality And Fertility in Nili Ravi Buffaloes
by Dr. Rafaqat Ali | Dr. Muhammad Amir Saeed | Dr. Asim Aslam | Prof. Dr. Nasim Ahmad | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2005Dissertation note: This project was executed to improve the semen quality during freezing process and to improve subsequent fertility rate in Nili-Ravi buffaloes with hormones (PGF2a and oxytocin) supplementation. Pooled semen from Nih Ravi buffalo bulls (n2) was divided into 8 equal parts after complete evaluation and subjected to the hormonal treatments. PGF2a (Lutalyse®) @ 2.5mg, 5.0mg and 7.5mg and oxytocin (Cintocinon®) @ 2.5 I.U, 5.0 I.U and 7.5 I.U/lOOml of diluted semen were added. One group (-ye control) received indomethacin @ 20mg + PGF2a @ 5.Omg/lOOmi of diluted semen. One group remained without any treatment (+ve control). Semen was cooled, filled in 0.5ml straws, equilibrated at 4°C for 4 h ours and frozen i n liquid nitrogen. After 24 hours of deep freezing, semen was thawed and evaluated for percentage motility of spermatozoa, plasma membrane integrity (HOS assay), acrosome integrity (NAR), viability (Live/Dead), longevity (hours) and fertility. Four (4) straws from each treatment group were thawed and pooled in 5m1 cuvette in water bath at 37°C and evaluated for quality parameters. Twenty five (25) straws from each treatment group were used to inseminate the buffaloes in standing estrus at 3 A.I centers (Phool nagar, Changa manga and Kot radlia kishen) in district Kasur. Pregnancy was checked 60 days post insemination. Data collected was presented as mean ± SEM, treatment groups were compared using ANOVA, unpaired two sample test and Pearson correlation at 5% level of confidence interval using Minitab® computer software. Results o f this study revealed that addition of both Lutalyse® (PGF2a) and Cintocinon® (oxytocin) did not show significant (P>0.05) improvement in any quality parameters measured and a non significant correlation was observed between treated groups and control except indomethacin and viability of spermatozoa where a significant negative correlati9n (r = -0.980) was found. However, blocking of seminal prostaglandins with indomethacin shows significant (P<0.05) deterioration in percentage motility, plasma membrane integrity, viability and longevity of spermatozoa but acrosome integrity remain unchanged. Results of fertility trial showed significant difference (P<0.5) among treatment groups. In conclusion, we can say that although hormonal addition did not improve semen quality but improve fertility rate, therefore, the importance of prostaglandins in semen can not be neglected. The W nature and physiological amount in buffalo semen should be investigated and maintained by exogenous addition after dilution during processing to maintain post thaw semen quality and fertility. However, it is suggested that pure forms of hormones should be used to add in semen instead of Lutalyse® as it contains 1.56% alcohol which is supposed to be detrimental to spermatozoa.
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