000			05412nam a22002057a 4500
005			20160726091054.0
008			160726b2016 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
041			_aeng
082			_a2487-T
100			_aMuhammad Shakir (2007-VA-320) _924928
110			_cDr. Hamda Azmat _924929
245			_aAssessment Of Metalic Loads In Water Sediments And Fish Sampled From River Ravi, Pakistan With Study On Their Mitigation Methods
260			_c2016.
300			_a57p.;
502			_aPresent study on the detection of heavy metals in water, sediments and fish, Cirrhinus mrigala samples was conducted at river Ravi along with its three different sights (Ravi Siphon, Saggian Bridge and Balloki Headworks). The stations were further divided into two sub-stations viz. (i) Upstream and (ii) Downstream. Water and sediment samples were collected from three different points from the sub-stations. Water, sediment and fish samples were collected on monthly basis from November, 2015 through February, 2016. Average chromium concentrations in water samples from Baloki Headworks during November, December, January and February were 0.33±0.17 mgL-1, 0.18±0.03 mgL-1, 0.17±0.06 mgL-1 and 0.17±0.06 mgL-1, respectively. Similarly, average chromium concentrations from November, 2015 through February, 2016 from Saggian Bridge was recorded 0.27±0.13 mgL-1, 0.18±0.04 mgL-1, 0.22±0.06 mgL-1 and 0.18±0.10 mgL-1, respectively. From Shahdera bridge, the chromium concentrations of 0.28±0.12 mgL-1, 0.22±0.04 mgL-1, 0.23±0.06 mgL-1 and 0.16±0.07 mgL-1 were recorded during November, December, January and February, respectively. Over all mean Cr concentrations in water samples from Balloki Headworks, Saggian Bridge and Shahdera Bridge from November, 2015 through February, 2016 were recorded as 0.30±0.14 mgL-1, 0.19±0.04 mgL-1, 0.21±0.06 mgL-1 and 0.17±0.08 mgL-1, respectively. During monthly surveys, average Ni concentrations in water samples collected from Baloki Headworks were recorded 0.24±0.11 mgL-1, 0.27±0.15 mgL-1, 0.22±0.13 mgL-1 and 0.21±0.10 mgL-1 during November, December, 2015 and January and February, 2016, respectively. Water samples from Saggian Bridge had Ni concentrations of 0.23±0.14 mgL-1 during November, 2015, 0.25±0.16 mgL-1 during December, 2015, 0.23±0.18 mgL-1 January, 2016 and 0.20±0.16 SUMMARY 36 mgL-1 during February, 2016. Water samples from Shahdera Bridge contained Ni concentrations of 0.27±0.14 mgL-1, 0.28±0.17 mgL-1, 0.26±0.16 mgL-1 and 0.20±0.16 mgL-1, respectively from November, 2015 through February, 2016, respectively. Average Pb concentrations in water samples from Baloki Headworks from November, 2015 through February, 2016 were recorded 0.14±0.12 mgL-1, 0.08±0.04 mgL-1, 0.06±0.05 mgL-1 and 0.16±0.06 mgL-1, respectively. Similarly, average Pb concentrations from Saggian Bridge sampling stations were recorded 0.23±0.14 mgL-1, 0.25±0.16 mgL-1, 0.23±0.18 mgL-1 and 0.20±0.16 mgL-1, during November, December, January and February, respectively. The Pb concentrations, from Shahdera Bridge water samples from November, December, January and February were recorded 0.27±0.14 mgL-1, 0.28±0.17 mgL-1, 0.26±0.16 mgL-1 and 0.20±0.16 mgL-1, respectively. Average Cr concentrations during the study period in sediment samples from Balloki Headworks, Saggian Bridge and the Shahdara Bridge were recorded 0.27 mgL-1, 0.22 mgL-1 and 0.29 mgL-1, respectively. Similarly, average Ni concentrations from Balloki Headworks, Saggian Bridge and Shahdara Bridge were recorded 0.13 mgL-1, 0.132 mgL-1 and the 0.13 mgL-1, respectively. Average Pb concentrations from Balloki Headworks were recorded 0.20 mgL-1, from Saggian Bridge 0.22 mgL-1 while it was noted 0.19 mgL-1 from Shahdara Bridge. During the month of November, 2015 higher Cr concentrations were recorded from muscle as compare to the other body organs. Similarly, liver showed maximum Pb accumulation while higher Ni concentrations were observed from liver and muscles. During December, 2015, maximum Cr concentration was recorded in gills and skin while higher Pb concentrations were recorded from the liver. Similarly, Ni concentration was higher in liver as compared to the other body organs. During January, 2016 maximum Cr concentration was recorded from liver while Pb SUMMARY 37 and Ni concentrations were recorded maximum from skin of the Cirrhinus mrigala. During February, higher Cr, Pb and Ni concentrations were recorded from liver as compare to all the other fish organs. Statistically significant variations in metal ion absorption were recorded between different sampling stations. Significantly higher (p<0.05) Ni concentrations were absorbed by alkali treated banana peels from the water samples collected from all the three sampling stations. Similarly, higher Cr concentrations were absorbed through the alkali treated orange peels from Baloki Headworks. Statistically significant (p<0.05) variations in absorption of heavy metals from water samples was recorded between the sampling stations. Among all the three heavy metals, significantly lower Pb concentrations were absorbed through acid treated banana and orange peels from all the three sampling stations.
650			_aDepartment of Zoology _924654
700			_aDr. Fayyaz Rasool _924666
700			_aDr. Arshad Javid _924930
942			_cTH
999			_c8792 _d8791