101.
Forensic Biology
by Li, Richard.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA: CRC Press, 2008Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 363.2562 Richard 25015 1st 2008 Forensic] (1).
102.
Bioinformatics : A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Genes and Proteins
by Ouellette, Baxevanis.
Edition: 3rdMaterial type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: India: Wiley India Private Limited, 2011Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 572.86330285 Ouellette 28827 3rd 2011 Bioinformatics] (1).
103.
The Biology of Cancer
by Weinberg, Robert A.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA: Garland Science, 2007Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 616.994 Weinberg 19758 1st 2007 CMS] (1).
104.
Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution and Ecology
by Verma, P.S.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: India : Chand (S.) & Co Ltd ,India, 2014Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 572.838 Verma 20165 1st 2014 Genetics] (2).
105.
Polymorphism Of The Slc11a1 Gene Associated With Resistance To Bovine Tuberculosis.
by Qamar Raza Qadri (2009-VA-569) | Dr. Asif Nadeem | Dr. Tahir Yaqoob | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is a health threat to
livestock. Information on genetic resistance or susceptibility because of polymorphisms of
candidate genes could be used in making selection decisions. Solute carrier family 11 (protoncoupled
divalent metal ion transporters), member 1 gene (SLC11A1), is a known candidate gene
which is associated with natural resistance to infection by Mycobaterium spp in buffalo.
Polymorphism in this gene can be studied for breeding disease resistance animals. Blood samples
were collected from Nili Ravi buffalo breed of Pakistan. DNA was extracted by organic method.
Primers were designed using Primer3 software. Amplification of gene was done by Polymerase
Chain Reaction. PCR products were sequenced bi-directionally on ABI 3130XL Genetic
analyzer. Sequence alignment was performed for polymorphism identification. The analysis of
identified polymorphism has been done by CHROMAS software. Sequences were aligned by
BLAST tool of NCBI. The results of analysis showed that no polymorphisms were identified in
exonic region of gene. This might be due to less sample size. Genetics play important role in
fighting against pathogens. Identifying the genes involved can lead to marker-assisted selection
strategies. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2332-T] (1).
106.
Identification Of Genetic Variations In Toll Like Receptor 1(Tlr-1) Gene To Evaluate Its Potential For Enhanced Resistance To Bovine Tuberculosis
by Shehar Bano (2013-VA-09) | Dr. Maryam Javed | Prof. Dr. Tahir Yaqub | Miss Huma Mujahid.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Bovine tuberculosis is a disease caused by the species included in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of conserved innate immune recognition receptors that trigger adaptive immune responses. TLR1 play an important role in host defense against mycobacteria, especially by mediating the response to mycobacterial triacylated lipopeptides.
The objective of this study is the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms within the coding region of TLR1 gene to evaluate its potential for enhanced the resistance to bovine tuberculosis in Nili-Ravi buffalo breed. Fifty blood samples of Nili-Ravi breed were collected from UVAS Pattoki Campus, Research Farm B and Buffalo Research Institute (BRI) Pattoki. Inorganic method was used for DNA extraction, for amplification of the coding region of TLR1 gene PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was used using specially designed primers and the PCR products were sequenced through Sanger’s Chain Termination method. For the analysis and alignment of sequencing the results obtained after sequencing were analyzed and aligned using the CLUSTAL W and BLAST software. After all these analysis Ten SNPs were identified in the coding region of TLR1 mentioned in table.
The Ten SNPs identified in the coding region of TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 1 were in this order P1 C>T, P2 T>C, P3 T>C, P4 T>C, P5 T>C, P6 C >T, P7 T>C, P8 C >T, P9 A>G and P10 A>G. The one SNP found in the current research is in compliance with the (Sun et al. 2012) research on TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 1 hence Nine SNPs found in the current research are novel in Nili Ravi buffalo. The SNPs in the exonic region that is P1 C>T, P2 T>C, P3 T>C, P4 T>C, P5 T>C, P6 C >T, P7 T>C, P8 C >T, P9 A>G and P10 A>G were all transitions i.e. the conversion of purines to purines.
Population genetic analysis and allelic distribution at all loci was analyzed using POPGENE 32 software indicated that at [P3=0.243009> 0.05] followed the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicating that the alleles were randomly distributed throughout the population, no migration had occurred, no bottlenecks happened and population remained large in numbers.This Non-significant and obeying HWE, so can be potential marker for genetic selection.At [P1= 0.040418< 0.05], [P2=0.033603< 0.05], [P4=0.000649< 0.05], [P5=0.000262< 0.05], [P7=0.015112< 0.05] and [P9=0.000111< 0.05] the probability value below 0.05 indicated that population at these polymorphic sites was not obeying Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This indicated that at these positions alleles were not equally distributed in population. It can be concluded from my research that the SNPs identified in the current research may also hold potential for marker-assisted breeding programs, with the aim of breeding more BTB-resistant animals and herds within both the national farms and the private sector.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2335-T] (1).
107.
Analysis Of Genetic Polymorphism In Exon 6 & 11 Of Glucosidase Beta Acid (Gba) Gene In Gaucher Diseased Patients From Punjab, Pakistan
by Aysha Arshad (2009-VA-571) | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Imran Altaf.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Gaucher disease (GD) is amajor predominant heterogenic, inherited and metabolic lysosomal storage disorder. It is prompted by an alteration in glucosidase acid beta (GBA) gene. GBA gene encodes a 497 amino acid glucocerebrosidase enzyme. It is a lysosomal hydrolase, present in all mammalian cells membrane that carries the catalysis of complex ubiquitous sphingolipids called glucocerebrosides (GlcCer) into smaller and simpler molecules of sugar and ceramide. The human glucocereborside (GBA) gene is present in highly gene dense area on q arm of 21 chromosome and its fragment length is 7.8kb comprising of 11 exons. A pseudogene is also present in vicinity of GBA gene which shares 96% homology of sequence with functional gene. Genetic recombination and gene conversion among these two GBA genes are responsible for 10-20% GD mutations. >300 mutations of GBA have been described till 2014. GD has three different clinical forms depend on its heterogeneity. These are characterized by the age of onset and with or without the participation of CNS.
In this study, 10 blood samples were collected of GD patients from repository at Molecular and Genomic Laboratory located at IBBT department, UVAS Lahore and from Children Hospital Lahore. DNA extraction was done by using organic method from blood samples. Amplification of GBA gene exons 1, 6 and 11 was performed using PCR. PCR products were sequenced using Sanger di-deoxy sequencing method. Different bioinformatics tools were applied for the sequence analysis of exon 1, 6 and 11. We found two variants of GBA gene. A deletion of CT nucleotide repeat in intron 1 was found. We also found a substitutional change of nucleotide T>A in intron 8. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2334-T] (1).
108.
Variation Analysis Of Hepatitis C Virus Gene Encoding E2 Glycoprotein
by Saimoon Theeen (2009-VA-565) | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) major cause of liver infections was discovered in 1989. It is positive stranded RNA virus and belongs to Flaviviridae family. Its genome shows high rate of variations due to which, its rate of infection is high. As in Pakistan 3% to 6% population and 170 million people worldwide are affected by it. Due to variations in its genome it is classified into 6 major genotypes and these genotypes are further classified into many subtypes. Size of HCV is about 9500 bps which only encodes single polyprotein. This 3000 to 3300 amino acids polyprotein is processed by cellular and viral proteases to generate 10 polypeptides consisting of 4 structural (Core, E1, E2 and P7) and 6 non-structural proteins (NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, NS5B). Whereas E2 is considered the most immunogenic gene from all the genes. It involves in the interaction with the host cell and easily escape from the immune system of host due to the presence of hypervariable regions in E2 gene.
To isolate the E2 gene RNA extraction was done using the kit method and then it was converted to the cDNA which is then followed by the PCR amplification. The amplification products were then purify and sent for the sequencing to CAMB. Then the bioinformatics tools were applied on the results. In which the protein structural analysis and epitope mapping was done. Then the conserved epitopes were predicted using the IEDB conservancy analysis tool. The conserved B-cell epitopes (TElAILPCSFTPMPAL and RGERCDIEDRSEQH) and T-cell epitope (TPMPALSTG) are now considered valuable to produce the antibodies against E2 protein.
For diagnosing HCV genotype 3a, these conserved epitopes may be highly useful and may also help in developing a successful vaccine that can target 3a genotypes. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2333-T] (1).
109.
Comparison Of Antifungal Activity Of Human Salivary Histatin Between Diabetic And Nondiabetic Individuals
by Farid-Ul-Haq (2013-VA-555) | Prof. Dr. Tahir Yaqub | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Histatins are antimicrobial proteins found in human saliva. These proteins have also been
observed to have the ability to aid in wound healing in various organisms. The genes HTN1 and
HTN3 have been studied to govern these proteins. Histatin proteins have a vast array of
antimicrobial properties. While a fungus, Candida albicans or C. albicans is a part of the human
normal gut flora, it is a threat to people who have a compromised immune system. An
overgrowth of the fungi belonging to the Candida family leads to candidiasis in humans, and oral
candidiasis has been reported to a large extent namely in diabetic patients. The antifungal
activity of histatin proteins laid the basis of the current research work.
In this study, the antifungal activity of saliva from a total of 64 healthy and diabetic
human samples against Candida albicans has been evaluated. The samples of both healthy and
diabetic human samples belong from different age ranges: 15-25, 25-35, 35-45 and 45-55 years
in order to change in antifungal activity with respect to age of an individual. Antifungal activity
was observed through both agar well and agar disk diffusion methods, with agar disk diffusion
methods showing positive results. According to the outcomes of this study at least 120μL of
healthy saliva sample is required to create a zone of inhibition. Saliva from diabetic individuals
showed no antifungal results.
This occurrence led to the next part of this study involving amplification of HTN3 gene.
The nucleotide sequences of both healthy and diabetic individuals were compared together and
showed that the absence of antifungal activity in diabetic individuals might have reasons other
than a genetic one, according to this study. The results observed from the present study indicate
that healthy human saliva possesses antifungal activity against Candida albicans. In accordance
Summary
39
to these results, the naturally occurring antimicrobial activity of histatin proteins present in
human saliva can have immense use in the field of medicine. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2341-T] (1).
110.
Observation Of Antibacterialactivity Of Human Salivary Histatin Against Staphylococcus Aureus
by Rizwan Irshad (2013-VA-10) | Professor Dr. Tahir Yaqub | Dr. Muhammad Wasim | Dr. Nisar Ahmad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: The saliva contains numbers of proteins which act as antimicrobial agents and these peptides called as antimicrobial peptides. The saliva contains numerous antimicrobial peptides the main salivary peptide present in saliva is Histatin protein rich in Histidine amino acid. Histatin is only antimicrobial peptides present in primates like monkey chimpanzees and human. It’s also contain anti-fungal as well as anti-bacterial effect against staphylococcus aureus. In this study showed the effect of human salivary Histatin against staphylococcus aureus. Salivary Histatin may show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with its efficiency having link to age, gender and diabetic status. Total sixty-four saliva sample will be collected on the basis of gender, age and presence of diabetic status. The antibacterial activity of saliva was observed against Staphylococcus aureus by disc-diffusion method. DNA was extracted and HTN1 gene was amplified using specific primer. This study was helpful in demonstrating antimicrobial ability of Histatin proteins present in human saliva.
It also provide insight with regards to age, sex and/or immunocompromising ailment (in this case, diabetes) having an effect on the ability of these proteins, thus, opening new doors when it comes to combating fungal infections in both human and animal subjects.
The HTN1 gene sequenced and BLAST results proof that variation in Histatin anti-bacterial property in diabetic patients and was not due to mutation in the nucleotide sequences of the decreases in salivary Histatin was due to other reason not due to mutation in these individuals.
The age bases study HTN1 gene BLAST results was found 99% similarity with the other age groups.
Summary
40
The statistical analysis of healthy people with age and zone of inhibition was found ANOVA P<0.000. The increases of age will decreases the salivary Histatin anti-bacterial properties. The optimum antibacterial activity was measured 2cm in diameter.
The present results indicated that healthy human saliva possess antibacterial ability against Staphylococcus aureus. The results indicated that salivary Histatin can be novel tool as antimicrobial peptides of future medical field. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2342-T] (1).
111.
Mutational Analysis Of Hepatitis C Virus Ns4b Gene Encoding Protein
by Faiza Nisar Bukhari (2013-VA-12) | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. M.Yasir Zahoor | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has an estimated global prevalence of 2%–3% with approximately 270 million infected people worldwide of which 10 million belongs to Pakistan. HCV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus from the family of Flaviviridea. Its genome encodes 10 proteins including a 261 amino acids protein NS4B. NS4B is a non-structural protein that performs hyperphosphorylation of NS5A, transactivates interleukin 8 promotor, suppresses HCV translation and modulates the ER stress response. Mutation in NS4B encoding gene may be targeted to develop an effective vaccine against HCV before virus invasion in host immune system.
Serum was collected from 20 patients who are infected with HCV. RNA was isolated from these samples to reverse-transcribe it into cDNA. This cDNA were PCR-amplified and amplicons were detected by UV light after their separation through agrose gel electrophoresis followed by seguencing of NS4B encoding gene.
Variations in HCV NS4B gene was analyzed by using Mega 6 software and sequence 2 blast analysis NCBI tool. Protein modeling was performed with phyre 2, DIANNA tool and I-Tasser online server and quality of model and antigenicity was checked by Vaxajen V 2.0 and Epijen softwares. Conservative analysis and epitope mapping were performed by using Immune Epitope Database (IEDB).
A systematic approach was employed for the prediction of potential epitopes in NS4B protein. Vaxijen V 2.0 was used to determine overall antigenicity of NS4B using cut off value of 0.4. Values above this threshold level show probable antigens in the protein. The topology of NS4B was determined by TMHMM server with the help of membrane topology data. Regions outside membrane and transmembrane were eradicated for epitopes prediction. T cell epitopes propred was used with proteosome cleavage site filter of 4% threshold. From the following data analysis 12 to 15 possible T-cell epitopes can be predicted; only these T cell epitopes were included in conservation analysis.
The present study provides information about mutational changes in HCV protein NS4B and thus preliminary data for the development of vaccine against HCV. This can also lead to future prospects for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of HCV.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has an estimated global prevalence of 2%–3% with approximately 270 million infected people worldwide of which 10 million belongs to Pakistan. HCV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus from the family of Flaviviridea. Its genome encodes 10 proteins including a 261 amino acids protein NS4B. NS4B is a non-structural protein that performs hyperphosphorylation of NS5A, transactivates interleukin 8 promotor, suppresses HCV translation and modulates the ER stress response. Mutation in NS4B encoding gene may be targeted to develop an effective vaccine against HCV before virus invasion in host immune system.
Serum was collected from 20 patients who are infected with HCV. RNA was isolated from these samples to reverse-transcribe it into cDNA. This cDNA were PCR-amplified and amplicons were detected by UV light after their separation through agrose gel electrophoresis followed by seguencing of NS4B encoding gene.
Variations in HCV NS4B gene was analyzed by using Mega 6 software and sequence 2 blast analysis NCBI tool. Protein modeling was performed with phyre 2, DIANNA tool and I-Tasser online server and quality of model and antigenicity was checked by Vaxajen V 2.0 and Epijen softwares. Conservative analysis and epitope mapping were performed by using Immune Epitope Database (IEDB).
A systematic approach was employed for the prediction of potential epitopes in NS4B protein. Vaxijen V 2.0 was used to determine overall antigenicity of NS4B using cut off value of 0.4. Values above this threshold level show probable antigens in the protein. The topology of NS4B was determined by TMHMM server with the help of membrane topology data. Regions outside membrane and transmembrane were eradicated for epitopes prediction. T cell epitopes propred was used with proteosome cleavage site filter of 4% threshold. From the following data analysis 12 to 15 possible T-cell epitopes can be predicted; only these T cell epitopes were included in conservation analysis.
The present study provides information about mutational changes in HCV protein NS4B and thus preliminary data for the development of vaccine against HCV. This can also lead to future prospects for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of HCV.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2339-T] (1).
112.
Study Of Genetic Polymorphism In Exon 7 And 9 Of Glucosidase Beta Acid (Gba) Gene In Gaucher Diseased Patients From Punjab, Pakistan
by Ayesha Khalid (2013-VA-07) | Dr. M. Yasir Zahoor | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Mr. Tariq Mahmood.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Gaucher disease (GD) is an inborn metabolic disease transmitted through recessive
pattern of inheritance and it is a pan-ethnic disease. It is the most common lysosomal storage
disease caused by the deficiency of glucocerebrosidase (GCase), a lysosomal enzyme use in the
degradation of macromolecules into simpler molecules.
Glucosidase beta acid (GBA) gene encode glucocerebrosidase enzyme and mutations in
this gene is responsible for glucocerebrosidase deficiency which results in an accumulation of
unbroken glycolipids in those organs rich in monocyte-phagocyte immune system elements i.e.
spleen, liver, bone marrow and leads to histological changes. GBA is located on chromosome
1q21 consisting of 11 exons and 10 introns having 7.8kb length. It is divided into three types (I,
II and III) on the basis of neurological involvement. More than 300 mutations have been reported
in GBA and cause the GD.
The present study was performed in order to characterize GBA gene in GD patients from Punjab.
Blood samples of 10 patients,enrolled in Children Hospital, Lahore, were taken from DNA
repository of Molecular and Genomic Lab at IBBT, UVAS Lahore. The DNA was extracted
using organic method. Next step was the amplification of extracted DNA using PCR. After it, the
PCR product is purified and this purified PCR product was sent for sequencing. Sequencing of
exon 4, 7 and 9 was done using dideoxy sequencing method. After applying different
bioinformatics tool, it was found that there was no muttaion in these exons but a heterozygotic
variation G>A was found in intron 8. This finging will help in demonstration of molecular
pathogenesis of Gaucher disease. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2338-T] (1).
113.
The Variability Analysis of The Gene Encoding HCV Non-Structural Protein NS2
by Abdul Rehman (2009-VA-546) | Dr. M. Imran | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor | Ms. Faiza Masood.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Theses submitted with blank cd. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2337-T] (1).
114.
Antiviral Effect Of Human Saliva Against Avian Influenza Virus Strain H9n2
by Maryam Riaz (2008-VA-340) | Prof. Dr. Tahir Yaqub | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Prof. Dr. Kamran Ashraf.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Saliva is an important body fluid that contains a complex array of proteins, peptides and various substances that help in maintaining the health of the oral cavity. Saliva exhibits a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity against enveloped viruses as it disrupts the viral membrane. Influenza is a common virus that has been diagnosed in humans and avian species due to AIV. This study has demonstrated the naturally occurring antiviral activity of human saliva against the H9N2 influenza virus that serves as a serious threat to poultry and has been shown to possess high zoonotic potential which can cause a new pandemic.
In this study saliva samples from healthy individuals were taken and the natural antiviral ability of saliva was observed against AIV (Pk-UDL/01/08 H9N2) of calculated EID50 106.66. Inoculum prepared from saliva and H9N2 virus was injected in 9 days old embryonated eggs using CAS route and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. A negative control (only saliva) and positive control (only virus inoculum) was also determined in the current study. The antiviral activity of saliva was observed through haemagglutination test. The HA test of harvested fluid showed that human saliva indeed possesses antiviral activity against H9N2 virus and can be used as a natural antiviral agent in medicine.
Furthermore, the genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples. HTN3 gene responsible for histatin production, was amplified using gene specific oligonucleotides. The obtained HTN3 gene sequences were analyzed using Chromas software. The sequence alignment showed 99% similarity to the available sequences in NCBI database and 100% similarity to each individual sample. To conclude, this study has demonstrated that human saliva possesses antiviral activity against H9N2 virus. The nucleotide sequence analysis from each sample
CHAPTER 6
SUMMARY
Summary
47
showed no particular change which shows that antiviral activity of glycoproteins present in saliva does not vary at a genetic level. This innate antiviral activity can open a new frontier when it comes to combating viral infections that have grown resistant to conventional drugs in both human and animal subjects. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2336-T] (1).
115.
Molecular Biology of The Cell
by B. Kafmnaf.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: India: Random Exports; 2013Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 574.875 Kafmnaf 27495 1st 2013 Genetics] (1).
116.
Techniques in Molecular Biology
by Kumar, P.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: India; Sarup & Son, 2006Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 571.31 Kumar 19740 1st 2006 Genetics] (1).
117.
Genetic Effect Of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (Cetp) Gene In Coronary Heart Disease Patients
by Zakiya Bano (2013-VA-554) | Dr. Akhtar Ali | Dr. Waseem Shehzad | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene takes part with certain reverse cholesterol
transport (RCT) pathway for the excess amount of accumulated lipid in peripheral tissues. The
variations in this gene due to missense mutations on different exonic, intronic or on promoter
regions alter CETP activity as well as impair the RCT pathway. By which, lipid metabolism also
effects and causes atherosclerosis in vessels which trigger the blockage of blood flow and induces
the imbalance for the supply of oxygen to the heart. So this atherosclerosis directly involves in
addition of risk factor for coronary heart disease. Preferable study was made to highlight effect of
CETP gene at molecular level by comparing control group with the selected patients having
coronary heart disease. This study was appreciably made possible by targeting two reported
polymorphisms, one in the intron 1 region Taq IB (rs708272) and on exon 14 region I405V
(rs5882) of this CETP gene. The study was relatively speculated by the extraction of genomic
DNA from all selected blood samples. By selecting two primers, certain segments were amplified
for both rs708272 and rs5882 polymorphisms. Analysis of allelic frequencies distribution was
calculated by Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium which showed no significance among control and
CHD group and there was no association was analyzed in our population by using Fisher’s Exact
Test. This is because of small number of samples studied in our population. But maximize
concentrations of lipid parameters such as TC, LDL and TG with minimum variation in HDL-C
concentration in CHD group as compared to control group that showed the effect of these
polymorphisms on the activity of CETP gene with coronary heart disease. These determined
missense mutations in CETP gene was helpful molecular tool for the screening purpose in coronary
heart disease patients. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2345-T] (1).
118.
Mutational Analysis of CaSR in Calcium Nephrolithiasis Affected Pakistani Families
by Asad Tufail (2013-VA-558) | Dr. Muhammad Yasir Zahoor.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Thesis submitted with blank cd. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2343-T] (1).
119.
Molecular Biology of The Cell / 5th ed
by Alberts, Bruce | Johnson, Alexa | Lewis, Ju | Raff, Ma | Roberts, K | Walter, P.
Edition: 5th ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA: Garland Science, 2008Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 572.8 Alberts 24385 5th 2008 Genetics] (1). Checked out (1).
120.
Avian Biology / Vol.2
by Farner, Donald S | King, James R.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA: Academic Press, 1972Availability: Items available for loan: Pattoki Library [Call number: 598 Farner 11293 1st.Vol.2 1972 Poultry] (1).
121.
Fertilization
by Longo, Frank J.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: UK: Chapman & Hall, 1987Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 591.333 Longo 27668 1st 1987 Theriogenology] (1).
122.
Genes, Populations and Species : Readings from Conservation Biology
by Ehrenfeld, David.
Edition: 1stMaterial type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA: Blackwell Science Inc, 1995Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 333.9516 Ehrenfeld 16569 1st 1995 Env.Science] (1).
123.
Mutational Screening Of The RB1 Gene In Pakistani Patients With Retinoblastoma
by Saeeda Kalsoom (2007-VA-555) | Dr. Muhammad Wasim) | Dr. Khushnooda Ramzan | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Aftab Ahmad Anjum.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Retinoblastoma is a neonatal intraocular tumor caused by biallelic inactivation of RB1 gene. Rb
patients and asymptomatic carriers undergo a series of clinical tests for diagnosis and tumor
treatment. These clinical examinations prove to be expensive and time consuming. On the other
hand if the proband’s RB1 gene mutation status is determined by genetic testing, it can prove as
more significant and cost effective diagnostic methods. Secondly, only those asymptomatic or at
risk carriers with the mutation, require clinical surveillance while those proven to be unaffected
do not require additional clinical examinations. Furthermore early diagnosis of Rb by molecular
testing can enable and enhance clinical management, earlier treatment, follow-up care, carrier
screening, genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and reproductive planning in predisposed
families. Irrespective of the importance of molecular testing of Rb patients, in Pakistan only a
few clinical reports on Rb are available so, there was a dire need to find RB1 mutations in
Pakistani Rb patients and to set a molecular based diagnosis for poor affected families. Keeping
in view the importance of molecular diagnosis, in this study a reliable genetic test has been
developed to detect the RB1 germline mutations in Pakistani Rb patients.
During this study, 70 Rb patients including 38 unilateral and 32 bilateral cases were enrolled,
from different regions of Pakistan. By using direct sequencing method, seven novel and twelve
reported RBI mutations were found. The novel mutations included three frameshift mutations
(c.1116_1119delCACT in exon 11, c.1436_1437delAC in exon 16 and c.2060_2061insTCATT
in exon 20) and four substitutions (c.148G>T in exon 2, c.610G>T in exon 2, g.94G>C in exon
7, c.947A>T in exon 10 and g.1991G>C in promoter region) while twelve reported mutations in
146
22 patients included, 9 substitutions (c.160G>T in exon 2, c.289G>T in exon 3, c.751C>T in
exon 8, c.920C>T in exon 9, c.967G>T in exon 10, c.1072C>T in exon 11, c.1654C>T in exon
17, c.2063T>C in exon 20 and c.2359C>T in exon 23), one frameshift mutation (c.772_776del in
exon 8) and two splice site mutations (c.380+1G>T and c.1215+1G>A in intron 3 and 12
respectively). Mutation detection rate was found to be 77.8% in (7/9) bilateral familial, 50% in
(2/4) unilateral familial, 56.5% in (13/23) bilateral sporadic and 14.7% in (5/34) unilateral
sporadic patients while overall rate of mutations in bilateral and unilateral patients was detected
as 62.5% (20/32) and 18.4% (7/38) respectively. Beside mutations one novel c.940-64C>T
(intron 9) and nine reported intronic variants c.380+45 C>T (intron 3), c.501-77G>A (intron 4),
c.1128-72T>G (intron 11), c.1695+99A>T (intron 17), c.1695-1696delAA (intron 17), c.1815-
104A>G (intron 18), c.1961-10T>C (intron 19), c.2663+33T>C (intron 25) and c.2664-10T>A
(intron 25) were also found. Carrier screening facility was also provided to six asymptomatic
siblings (as possible carriers) of familial proband but none of them was found to be diseased.
Hopefully, in future the findings and developed protocol of this study will help to reveal the
molecular basis of Rb in Pakistani Rb patients which additionally help to secure vision and life
of Rb patients. Further, in Pakistan there is dire need to develop “National Rb Registry Centre”,
to register all new Rb cases for finding incidence rate and prevalence of Rb in Pakistan. Beside
this other related issues like financial constraints, health education, planning and awareness
about Rb, occupational training for health providers, capacity building for neonatal
ophthalmologic screening and cosmetic rehabilitation for surviving Rb patients are important and
should consider. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2370-T] (1).
124.
Study Of Wound Healing Effects Relating To Topical Application Of Human Saliva On Rabbits
by Sanila Amin (2013-VA-281) | Prof. Dr. Tahir Yaqub | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Habib ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Histatin proteins present in human saliva have been observed to show natural antibacterial and antifungal properties, as well as play a role in wound healing. These naturally occurring proteins can serve as effective agents when combating microbial infections of vulnerable wounds that have become drug resistant, without inducing negative side effects in the host. Focusing on these proteins can create a new outlook with regards to wound-healing medicine for both humans and animals.
Subjects of this study were 30 fully grown adult male rabbits weighing 2.0 to 3.4 kg and ranging from 8 to 16 months in age. They were acclimatized for two weeks in stainless steel cages and fed commercial diets, vegetables, crushed wheat and corn all over the whole experiment. Out of all 30 rabbits 24 rabbits were experimental on which saliva was applied, three were negative control to check natural wound healing, and three were positive control on which wound healing medicine was applied.
The 24 experimental rabbits were further divided into four groups with each group consisting of 6 rabbits to check the effect of age on wound healing. The age groups of human samples were divided as 15-25, 25-35, 35-45 and 45-55 (Verma et al. 2013). Saliva of human individuals belonging from these four age groups was applied on the wounds of experimental group. Furthermore, all age groups contained saliva from both gender i.e. each age group consisted of 3 male and 3 female saliva samples.
Furthermore, DNA was extracted from blood samples of the same individuals from whom saliva samples were procured. HTN1 gene which is responsible for the production of salivary histatin protein was amplified using specific primers and PCR optimization.
CHAPTER 6
SUMMARY
33
The results of this study demonstrated the wound healing properties of histatin proteins present in saliva and thus, providing a basis of using the natural ability of human saliva to act as a major component in the future of medicine for wound healing and preventing wound infections in both human and animals. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2344-T] (1).
125.
Molecular Characterization Of Local Donkey Based On Mitochodrial D-Loop Analysis
by Shakeel Earnest (2012-VA-597) | Dr. Muhammad YasirZahoor | Prof. Dr. TahirYaqub | Mr. Tariq Mahmood .
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Research on control region or mitochondrial d-loop is of special interest in all mammalian species because they the displacement loop hyper-variable region of mtDNA (D-loop), which is of 1200 bp, is very important for genetic variations. It is also important for amtDNA in Nuclear Mitochondrial sequences (NUMTs) in vertebrates species so that it rarely occurring NUMTs. The control region in equine consist of two highly variable regions (HVR1 and HVR2), 4 conserved blocks (CSB), and variable repeats of 8 bp motifs (Cothran, et al. 2013).
The displacement loop hyper-variable region of mtDNA (D-loop) of Pak- local donkeys are very similar to genome of other species; however there are considerable differences in the mtDNAevolutionary rate for different taxonomic groups.
The phylogenetic tree based on consensus sequences of 12 Asian Donkeys breeds available on NCBI and sequences of local Pakistani donkey breeds showed their genetic relationship among each other. The clade was consisting of Pakistani local donkey breeds i.e. 3-SF, 7-SF,10-SF,11-SF,12-SF,13-SF, K-3,K-6,K-11,K-13,K-16,K18,K-19 and K-20 showing their high relatedness.K-8 and 8-SF have more mutation rate in the sequence and have more diversity from other individuals.
The second major branch was furher divided in two sub branches i.e. Donkey family representing Equusburchellichapmani (JX312729), Equusburchelliquagga (JX312733), Equusgreyvi(NC020432) and Equus zebra (JX312718) clustered together. The second sub branch was consisting of other donkey breeds i.e. Equushemionusonager (JX312730), Equushemionus(NC016061) and Equushemionuskulan (NC018782) grouped together while two Pakistani local donkey breeds i.e. SF-8 and K-8 were clusterd with Equusasinussomalicus (AP012271) and Equusasinus (X97337).
The d-loop sequence of Human (Homo sapiens) was taken as out group and it clearly differed and separated from rest of phylogenetic tree i.e. camel, bovine, ovine, caprine and other mammals.
The phylogenetic tree constructed under this study not only confirmed the status of Pak- local donkey breeds but also confirmed the genetic relationship among other mammalian species, thus reconfirming the already established biological classification.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2362-T] (1).
126.
Microbial Stress Adaptation and Food Safety
by Yousef, Ahmed E | Juneja, Vijay K.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA : CRC Press, 2003Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 664.001579 Yousef 16033 1st 2003 Food.Science] (1).
127.
Marine Biogenic Lipids, Fats & Oils: Vol. 1
by Ackman, Robert George.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA : CRC Press, 1989Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 572.57 Ackman 20779 Vol.1 1989 Food.Science] (1).
128.
Marine Biogenic Lipids, Fats and Oils / Vol.2
by Ackman, Robert George | Food Science and Human Nutrition.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA: CRC Press, 1989Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 572.57 Ackman 20780 1st.Vol.2 Food.Science] (1).
129.
Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology : Estimation and Biological Implications
by Damuth, John | MacFadden, Bruce J.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: UK: Cambridge University Press, 1990Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 599 Damuth 16319 1st 1990 Dog] (1).
130.
In Vitro Fertilization :A Practical Approach
by Gardner, David K.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA: CRC Press, 2007Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 618.1780599 Gardner 20069 1st 2007 Theriogenology] (1).
131.
Mutation Anlysis Of DTNBP1 Gene In Pakistani Patients With Schizophrenia Disorder
by Hafiza Sidrah Yasin (2013-VA-11) | Dr. Asif Nadeem | Dr. Maryam Javed | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Schizophrenia (SCZ) disorder is a mental complex, heterogeneous and chronic neurodegenerative disorder with a cumulative prevalence of 1%. SCZ is an idiopathic disorder of the cortex and hippocampus. Environmental as well as genetic factors contribute to its complex pathogenesis. A functional repeat polymorphism in the Dystrobrevin Binding Protein 1 (DTNBP1) gene promoter conveys susceptibility for SCZ disorder. The DTNBP1 has been implicated in rare autosomal dominant forms of SCZ disorder because of mutations associated with severe disease progression and a typical physical signs and symptoms, indicative of neurodegeneration. Mutation in DTNBP1 gene has association with change in dysbindin protein which leads to change in abnormal neurotransmitter trafficking which leads to decrease in neuronal size, brain atrophy and reduced glutamate release in schizophrenia disorder. A systematic approach was applied to proceed the present study in order to identify the single nucleotides polymorphisms in schizophrenic patients. Blood samples (n=40) were collected from schizophrenia disorder patients. DNA was extracted by organic method. Primers were designed using Primer3 software. The amplification of gene was done by Polymerase Chain Reaction. PCR products were sequenced bi-directionally on ABI 3130XL Genetic analyzer. Sequence alignment was performed for polymorphism identification. The analysis of identified polymorphism was done by CHROMAS software. Sequence was aligned by Blast tool of NCBI. Difference between allele and genotype frequency of studied gene was evaluated and analyzed by using “SNPator”. The present study provides information about the susceptibility and genetic basis of the individual towards this disease and identified polymorphisms provides the opportunity to diagnose the disease earlier on the basis of particular SNPs in Pakistani patients. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2382-T] (1).
132.
Genetic Identification And Molecular Classification Of Sub-Family Phasianinae Of Pakistani Bird Species Through Dna Barcoding
by Maryem Hussain (2008-VA-349) | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: DNA barcoding is a precise technique that uses molecular genetics tools for accurate identification, categorizing, relating and separating the phylogenies of species. Being a small sized genome and agile enough to show rapid mutation, mtDNA has been used as a pertinent marker of molecular biodiversity.The aim of this study was to develop DNA barcode for genetic characterization and classification of Sub-family Phasianinaeof Pakistani bird species. Theyhave not been genetically identified yet in Pakistan. It includes birds like domestic chicken(Gallus gallusdomesticus), aseel chicken(Gallus gallusdomesticus strain),blue peafowl(Pavo cristatus), green peafowl (Pavo muticus), white peafowl (Pavo cristatus leuticus), Kalij pheasant (Lophura leucomelanos),monal pheasant (Lophophorus impejanus),koklass pheasant(Purcrasia macrolopha), ring necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), Tragopan (Tragopan melanocepals) andred junglefowl (Gallus gallus). These birds are considered an important part of an ecosystembecause they play a significant role in seed dissemination, pollination of plants and disease spread which are the basic constituents of an ecosystem. They are used for food, hunting and entertainment purposes.
Mitochondrial geneCytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1)of 500bps was used as a marker for identification at specie level.Genomic DNA was extracted by each blood and tissue sample of eleven bird species (33 samples). Amplification of CO1 gene was a done by using a universal set of primers (BIRDF1 and BIRDR1)containing region of almost 750 bps (Hebert et al. 2003).Amplicons were purified and sequenced Sanger sequencing method (Sanger et al. 1977). Forward and reverse sequences were analyzed using softwaresEMBOSS merger,ClustalW, BioEdit and nBLAST. Phylogenetic analysis of selected bird species was done. Each sequence was aligned
with its reference sequences of CO1 gene present on NCBI. Every nucleotide position which did not align with the reference sequence was studied to identify SNPs. Fixation index (FST) were used to measure species diversity within a same sub population relative to that found in the entire population. Consensus sequences (500bps) generated was used to construct their phylogenetic tree to see their evolutionary relationship with other bird species. All species showed their closest linkage with their respective species. Pakistani population of peafowl and chicken species showed the close relation with same sequences generated in China. Tranopans showed its closest linkage with T. temminckii.
In conclusion, seven species ofPhasianinaesub-family of Pakistani bird species was genetically characterized first time in Pakistan by using CO1 as a barcode. It proves that DNA barcoding is an efficient and accurate molecular tool for species identifica¬tion and phylogenetic implication. This study leads to establish a DNA Data Bank that helped scientists to investigate the biodiversity, taxonomic classification, specie identification, in forensic purposes and to study the genetic and phenotypic evolution of these species. DNA barcoding through CO1 gene works as a functional tool for detectingmeat mislabeling and preventing illegitimate trade. This study has established foundations for molecular biologists to study taxonomic uncertainties at sub species level using SNP based identifying marker. It helps in preservation and identification of endangered species by generating their barcodes from even minimal evidence available.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2376-T] (1).
133.
Molecular Characterization of Pakistani Common Leopard
by Muhammad Usman Ijaz (2012-VA-908) | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: CD not available. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2379-T] (1).
134.
Adaptation of Domestic Animals
by Hafez, E.S.E.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: USA : Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1968Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 636.089 Hafez 10940 1st 1968 Livestock] (2).
135.
Freshwater Fishery Biology
by Dr. Syed Sabir Ali.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: Sindh: Naseem Book Depot; 1999Availability: Items available for loan: Pattoki Library [Call number: 639 Sabir 16694 1st 1999 Fisheries] (7). Checked out (1).
136.
Molecular Cell Biology / 6th ed
by Lodish,Harvey | Berk | Kaise.
Edition: 6th ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: U.S.A Freeman and Company, 2008Availability: Items available for loan: Pattoki Library [Call number: 572.8 Lodish 23097 6th 2008 Genetics] (1).
137.
Biology of the Gene
by Levine,Louis.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: USA C.V MOSBY 1973Availability: Items available for loan: Pattoki Library [Call number: 575.12 Levine 11903 1st 1973 Genetics] (1).
138.
Expression And Purification Of A Potent Surface Antigen (Sag1) Of Toxoplasma Gondii In Prokaryotic Expression System
by Zunaira Zafar (2009-VA-542) | Dr. Wasim Shehzad | Dr. M. Yasir Zahoor | Dr. Imran Rashid.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular obligate parasite infects almost all warm-blooded animals including human. Toxoplasmosis, caused by T. gondii, may show minute to severe clinical results in humans. Currently, there is no vaccine available for human use. SAG1 is a major candidate of interest for vaccine development that elicits humoral as well as cellular immune response against this devastating parasite.
rSAG1 that had already been ligated in pET28/His expression vector, was transformed in E. coli (BL21) host and expression was confirmed by means of SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Nickel columns were utilized for affinity based chromatographic purification of rSAG1. This purified protein was then quantified via protein quantification kit. Immunogenic recombinant SAG1 can be used in diagnostic antigen-antibody tests e.g. in ELISA. Moreover, it might be used in vaccination against T. gondii. Vaccine against this parasite may alleviate socio-economic burden on human society that ultimately modulates the health parameters for better living. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2393-T] (1).
139.
Mutational Analysis Of Hcv Gene Encoding E1 Glycoprotein
by Muhammad Saad Junjua (2013-VA-893) | Dr. Muhammad Imran | Dr. Wasim Shehzad | Dr. Abu Saeed Hashmi.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive single stranded RNA virus that belongs to Flaviviridae family and causes liver related issues like hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis and chronic liver disease. HCV is affecting people worldwide; more than 170 million peoples have been affected so far and the number is increasing day by day. Its prevalence in Pakistan is about 3% to 6%. There is lot of variation in its genome and it is classified into 6 major genotypes and these genotypes are further classified into many subtypes. Size of HCV is about 9500 bps which only encodes single polyprotein. This 3000 to 3300 amino acids polyprotein is processed by cellular and viral proteases to generate 10 polypeptides consisting of 4 structural (Core, E1, E2 and P7) and 6 non-structural proteins (NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, NS5B). The most immunogenic gene from all the genes is E1. It involves in the interaction with the host cell and easily escapes from the immune system of host due to the presence of hypervariable regions in E1 gene.
To isolate the E1 gene, RNA extraction was done using the kit method. RNA was converted to cDNA which was then amplified in two rounds of PCR using nested primers from HCV core region. After confirming the presence of HCV RNA in serum samples, PCR amplification of HCV E1 gene was carried out using gene specific nested primers. Amplified E1 gene products were Sanger sequenced and aligned with standard sequence to find out genetic variations. E1 gene sequences were converted to protein sequences for which secondary protein structures were made and analyzed. No noticeable change was seen in these secondary protein structures. The protein sequences were also analyzed for the presence of B-cell and T-cell epitopes; two T-cell epitopes (QAFTFRPRR, FLVGQAFTF) were found which may inform the development of a proper vaccine against HCV. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2399-T] (1).
140.
Identification Of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism In Toll Like Receptor 4 Gene And Its Association With Mastitis In Sahiwal Cows
by Hafiz Kamran Rizwan Ullah (2013-VA-557) | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Dr. Muhammad Wasim | Prof. Dr. Habib Ur Rehman.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Several factors militate against realizing the milk production potential of cows. Mastitis is one of the shocking maladies of milch animals causing high production losses to livestock industry in Pakistan and elsewhere in the world. Mastitis has been familiar as one of the most inexpensively important diseases affecting dairy animal’s worldwide.
Susceptibility and resistance to mastitis is a complex trait and influenced by genetic variation of the immunity genes of animals. Among these variations, the polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 4 gene (TLR4) play important role in the immune response to mastitis. Polymorphism in exon 3 of TLR4 gene is associated with mastitis susceptibility and resistance. It is a potential candidate gene for screening of the mastitis susceptible and resistant dairy cows.
The present study was designed for the identification of polymorphism in TLR4gene associated with mastitis. Blood samples from 20 Sahiwal cows having clinical and subclinical mastitis were sampled. Blood sample of 10 normal Sahiwal cows was also collected. DNA was extracted. Specific primers for amplification of TLR4 gene were designed from NCBI.
TLR4gene was amplified and sequenced to get the desire sequence of this gene. Comparative analysis of the resulted sequences using NCBI BLAST was done.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2392-T] (1).
141.
Stem Cell-Based Tissue Repair
by Gorodetsky, Raphael | Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain) | Schäfer, Richard, 1970-.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: UK: RSC Publishing; 2011Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 616.02774 Gorodetsky 24998 1st 2011 Biochemistry] (1).
142.
The development of Biology of Plants and Animals/ist ed
by Graham,C.F.
Edition: 1st ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: UK Saunders Company, 1976Availability: Items available for loan: Pattoki Library [Call number: 575 Graham 11897 1st 1976 Genetics] (1).
143.
Molecular Cell Biology / 4th ed
by Lodish, Harvey F | Berk, Arnold | Darnell, James.
Edition: 4th ed.Material type: ; Format:
electronic
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: New York : W.H. Freeman, 2000Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 571.6 Lodish 14863 4th 2000 Genetics] (1).
144.
Cell and Molecular Biology : Concepts and Experiments / 3rd ed
by Karp, Gerald.
Edition: 3rd ed.Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: New York : John Wiley & Sons, 2002Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 575.1 Karp 15296 3rd 2002 Genetics] (1).
145.
Molecular Biology of the Cell / 4th ed
by Alberts, Bruce.
Edition: 4th ed.Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: New York : Garland Science, 2002Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 571.6 Alberts 14874 4th 2002 Genetics] (1).
146.
Molecular Biology : Understanding the Genetic Revolution
by Clark, David P | Russell, Lonnie Dee.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: St. Louis, MO : Cache River Press, 2005Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 572.8 Clark 18108 1st 2005 Genetics] (1).
147.
Biology / 8th ed
by Campbell, Neil A | Reece, Jane B.
Edition: 8th ed. Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: San Francisco: Pearson/Benjamin Cummings , 2008Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 574 Campbell 24019 8th 2008 Microbiology] (1).
148.
Genetic Effect Of Interferon Gamma On Bovine Resistance Against Mycobecterium Bovis
by Syed Ahmed Raza Rizvi (2012-VA-819) | Dr. Maryam Javed | Dr. Tanveer Hussain | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Bovine tuberculosis is a disease caused by the species included in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. IFN-GAMMA are a family of conserved innate immune recognition receptors that trigger adaptive immune responses. IFN-GAMMA play an important role in host defense against mycobacteria, especially by mediating the response to mycobacterial triacylated lipopeptides.
The objective of this study is the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms within the coding region of IFN-GAMMA gene to evaluate its potential for enhanced the resistance to bovine tuberculosis in Nili-Ravi buffalo breed. Fifty blood samples of Nili-Ravi breed were collected from UVAS Pattoki Campus, Research Farm B and Buffalo Research Institute (BRI) Pattoki. Inorganic method was used for DNA extraction, for amplification of the coding region of IFN-GAMMA gene PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was used using specially designed primers and the PCR products were sequenced through Sanger’s Chain Termination method. For the analysis and alignment of sequencing the results obtained after sequencing were analyzed and aligned using the CLUSTAL W and BLAST software. After all these analysis Ten SNPs were identified in the coding region of IFNG mentioned in table. The Eight SNPs identified in the coding region of INTERFERON GAMMA were in this order P1 C>T, P2 T>C, P3 T>C, P4 T>C, P5 T>C, P6 C >T, P7 T>C, and P8 C >T. The one SNP found in the current research is in compliance with the (Sun et al. 2012) research on INTERFERON GAMMA hence Nine SNPs found in the current research are novel in Nili Ravi buffalo. Research on IFN-GAMMA hence Seven SNPs found in the current research are novel in Nili Ravi buffalo. The SNPs in the exonic region that is P1 C>T, P2 T>C, P3 T>C, P4 T>C, P5 T>C, P6 C >T, P7 T>C, P8 C >T, among them four were transitions and four were transversion .
Population genetic analysis and allelic distribution at all loci was analyzed using
Summary
57
POPGENE 32 software indicated that at [P3=0.354539>0.05] , [P5=0.365524>0.05]followed the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicating that the alleles were randomly distributed throughout the population, no migration had occurred, no bottlenecks happened and population remained large in numbers. This Non-significant and obeying HWE, so can be potential marker for genetic selection. At [P1= 0.000032< 0.05], [P2=0.038766< 0.05] and [P7=000394< 0.05] the probability value below 0.05 indicated that population at these polymorphic sites was not obeying Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This indicated that at these positions alleles were not equally distributed in population. It can be concluded from my research that the SNPs identified in the current research may also hold potential for marker-assisted breeding programs, with the aim of breeding more BTB-resistant animals and herds within both the national farms and the private sector. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2419-T] (1).
149.
Lactoferrin Gene Polymorphism in Dairy Cattle
by Syeda Iqra Aiman Bukhari (2009-VA-556) | Dr. Sehrish Firyal | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Muhammad Tayyab.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Several factors militate against realizing the milk production potential of cows. Mastitis is the most costly and the prevalent production-limiting disease of dairy animals in Pakistan and elsewhere in the world. It is accompanied by elevated Somatic cell count (SCC) in the milk and estimated genetic correlation between SCC and mastitis ranges between 0.53-0.77. Susceptibility and resistance to mastitis is a complex trait and influenced by genetic variation of animals. Among these variations, the polymorphism in Lactoferrin gene (LTF) plays an important role in the immune response to mastitis.
Polymorphism in intron 6 of LTF gene is associated with mastitis susceptibility and resistance. It is a potential candidate gene for imparting resistance mastitis in dairy cows.
The present study was designed for the identification of polymorphism in LTF gene associated with mastitis. Milk and blood samples were collected from 20 Sahiwal cows having clinical and subclinical mastitis. SCC of milk samples was performed using serial dilutions. 10 normal Sahiwal cows as control were included in present study. DNA was extracted from blood using organic extraction and kit method followed by DNA quantification. Amplification of LTF gene was designed by using already reported primers obtained from NCBI.
LTF gene was amplified and sequenced to get the full length sequence of this gene. Comparative analysis of the resulted sequences using NCBI BLAST was done.
Outcomes:
The results obtained from polymorphisms in LTF gene can play an important role for selection of mastitis resistant and susceptible dairy cows. This can be useful in selective breeding of cattle for enhanced immune response, as a tool to improve inherent animal health, which ultimately can lay the foundations to contain the magnitude of economic loss due to mastitis.
Develop a biological response modifier that will promote a sustained immunity of the mammary teat and protect the gland from invading pathogens. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2416-T] (1).
150.
Polymorphism Study Of Calcium-Sensing Receptor Gene (Casr)In Calcium Nephrolithiasis Affected Families
by Hafza Ammara (2013-VA-865) | Dr. Muhammad YasirZahoor | Dr. Asif Nadeem | Ms. Huma Mujahid.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Nephrolithiasis is a multi-factorial kidney stone disease resulting from the combined influence of epidemiological, biochemical and genetic risk factors. Calcium-sensing receptorprotien is plasma membrane G protein-coupled receptors that regulate secretion of parathyroid hormoneand calcium re-absorption by kidney tubular cells. This protienis able to sense small changes in circulating calcium concentration and, once activated, it inhibits parathyroid hormone secretion and renal tubule calcium re-absorption. The CaSR gene protein islocated on chromosome 3q13 is one of the candidate gene explaining individual predispositions to calcium nephrolithiasis. CaSR gene is a predecessor for nephrolithiasis due to its role in calcium re-absorption. CaSRgene has seven exons and several mutations have been reported globally related to calcium nephrolithiasis.
Twenty families affected with calcium nephrolithiasis having at least two affected individuals have been enrolled for this study. Ten families have already been analyzed for exon 3 & 4 in the laboratory. DNA has been extracted through inorganic extraction method from the blood of newly enrolled families. Primers have been designed for exon 5, 6 and 7 through Primer3 software. These exons have been sequenced using the BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit (Perkin Elmer/ABI) and have been read in an automated sequencer, ABI Prism model 3730 (Perkin Elmer).
We also screend the coding exon of CLDN14 genewhich is a membrane protein that regulates paracellular passage of ions and small solutesat epithelial tight junction.The overexpression of claudin-14 in the thick ascending limb of loop of henleof the kidney generates a renal phenotype characteristic with hypomagnesemiaand hypercalciuria that leads to the development of calcium nephrolithiasis.
All of the sequences have been evaluated by using Clustal-W programs, Chromas and Bioedit software for mutational analysis.Sequence analysis of CaSR gene revealed one novel splice mutationC>G at position 63722 at exon 5 in one affected family.This variation is found in the intronic region of the gene.We found one missense mutation Q536R at exon six in three different affected families. And one synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) C>G found at exon 7at rs2036400 in six different affected families.These SNPs showsa significant association of CaSRgene with nephrolithiasis. It will help to determine the risk factor and role of CaSR gene in inheritance of calcium nephrolithiasis. And it will also be used for genetic screening and prenatal diagnosis.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2426-T] (1).
