1.
Sero-Prevalence Of Brucellosis In Sheep In Hazara Region
by Syed Touseef Hussain Shah (2013-VA-601) | Dr. Jawaria Ali Khan | Dr. Muhammad Ayaz | Dr. Waseem Yaqoob.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note:
The present study was conducted in two Districtsof Hazara Regioni.e. Abbottabad and Battagram District, with the collaboration of National Zoonosis Surveillance and Research Unit, Animal Sciences Institute (ASI), National Agriculture Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan. A total of 300 venous blood samples of 5 ml each were collect¬ed from sheep of different areas of two Districts i.e. Abbottabad and Battagram, with 150 samples from each District. Then serums were dispatched to the National Agriculture Research Centre (NARC), for the diagnosis of Brucella melitensis by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA).
The prevalence of the Brucella in sheep was determined as described by (Thrusfield 2013. The prevalence of brucellosis in Hazara Region by RBPT and I-ELISA was recorded as 4.67 % and 4.33 % respectively. From 150 samples of each district, 14 (9.33 %) and 13 (8.67 %) of samples were tested positive by RBPT and I-ELISA respectively in District Abbottabad whereas, no (0 %) samples were tested positive by RBPT and I-ELISA in District Battagram. Furthermore, on Tehsil wise sero-prevalence, only 2 (2.67 %) samples out of 75 were tested positive for brucellosis in sheep by both RBPT and I-ELISA in Tehsil Havelian, while in Tehsil Abbottabad 12 (16 %) and 11 (14.67 %) samples out of 75 were tested positive for brucellosis in sheep by RBPT and I-ELISA from district Abbottabad whereas, no positive samples were detected in Tehsil Battagram and Tehsil Allai by both RBPT and I-ELISA from district Battagram. Statistically there was a significant (>0.05) difference between the prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and area of Hazara Region.
The demographic variables (age, sex and breed) were analyzed using Chi-square test on SPSS version 17.0 and statistically there was no significant (>0.05) difference between the prevalence of brucellosis in sheep and demographic variables i.e. age, sex and breed. The present study has shown that brucellosis is prevalent in sheep in the Hazara region. Female animals are more sensitive than their male counterparts. Sheep of breeding age are more vulnerable than the very young ones and Balkhi breed is more prone to the disease as compared to the Kaghani and Ramghani breeds. The Sensitivity and Specificity of the diagnostic test (RBPT) was determined as described by (Thrusfield 2013). The calculated sensitivity of Rose Bengal Plate Test was 100 % and its specificity was 99.6s5 %.
The results of this study will be published to communicate the interesting findings and to increase the knowledge of veterinary and public health management. Therefore, we suggest the implementation of control measures, raising public knowledge on prevention methods, a complete surveillance system for the brucellosis in Hazara Region.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2394-T] (1).
2.
Comparative Efficacy Of Allopathic And Herbal Drugs Against Nematodes In Equines
by Muhammad Irfan (2008-VA-297) | Dr. Jawaria Ali Khan | Dr. Syed Saleem Ahmad | Dr. Nisar Ahmad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Parasitic problem has been a major mounting problem of equids which severely creates the
hindrance in performance in equine which leads to weakness, emaciation, colic, diarrhea, anemia,
thriftiness, loss of energy and ultimately death. Looking at the importance of equine and its
utilization by poor farmers there is need to cure the malady.
GIT Nematodes are prevalent in Equines in district Jhang. Novel combination of
Abamactin + Praziquantel was very efficacious to subside parasitic load in Equines. GIT
Nematodes have some effects on blood parameters (TEC, HB, and PCV).
A total 200 (100 horses and 100 donkeys) from different areas of district Jhang were
included in the study. For this, fresh fecal sample were carefully collected into a sealed container
from each horse and donkey and were transferred to Medicine lab, UVAS, Lahore in containers
with ice packs. Each samples were examined for nematodes eggs and for larvae by using different
techniques i.e. Direct Smear Method and fecal culture technique while the eggs count was
performed by McMaster technique. To study the effect of Gastrointestinal nematodes on various
blood parameters of equine, blood samples were collected from selected animals and were
analyzed for hemoglobin (Hb), total erythrocytes count (TEC) and packed cell volume (PCV) by
using Hematology Analyzer. For therapeutic trails, a total of 12 horses and 12 donkeys positive
for nematodes were taken and divided into groups A, B and C comprising of 8 animals each. Group
C was comprised of 8 animals as Positive control and fourth group D was comprised of 8 animals
as negative control. Group A was treated with abamactin + praziquantel (EQUITAK) orally @
1ml/20kg bodyweight PO once at 0 day and group B was treated with herbal ingredients
Summary
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(EVERZAN) @ 1ml/20kg bodyweight PO once at 0 day. Efficacy was determined on the basis of
reduction of eggs in feces at day 0, 7th and 21th day (post-treatment). Data was recorded in a
questionnaire regarding age, sex, breed, nutritional status and disease condition.
The present study was designed to check the comparative efficacy of two different drugs
such as Equitak (Allopathic) and Everzan (herbal) against gastrointestinal nematodes and its
effects on blood parameters in both horses and donkeys. According to therapeutic trial, Equitak
presented very good response against GIT nematodes by fast decreasing EPG in both experimental
animals and showed its efficacy more than 80% but Everzan showed poor response against
nematodes in both experimental animals and its efficacy less than 30%. By administering Equitak
in both experimental animals gave good results regarding blood parameters such as total
erythrocytes count (TEC), packed cell volume (PCV) and Hemoglobin (Hb) and its values had
been continuously increasing in 7th and 21st day since administration. But in contrast to Equitak,
Everzan showed poor response regarding blood parameters and values did not increased at 7th and
21st days. It has been proved that Equitak has its very strong effect against strongylus spp than
other parasites that come under the category of roundworms. So Equitak proved more effective
against nematodes in Equines than Everzan. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2418-T] (1).
3.
Molecular Epidemiology, Biochemical and Antibiogram Studies of Staphylococcus Aureus Subclinical Mastitis in Chilistani Cows in District Bahawalpur
by Abdul Qayyum (2012-VA-570) | Dr. Jawaria Ali Khan | Dr. Riaz Hussain | Dr. Muhammad Avais | Dr. Nisar Ahmad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Thesis submitted without CD. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2500-T] (1).
4.
Comparison Of Suturing And Sutureless Techniques For Gastrotomy Closure In Canines
by Muhammad Atif (2007-VA-133) | Dr. Naveed Hussain | Prof. Dr. Muhammad Arif Khan | Dr. Jawaria Ali Khan.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Gastrotomy is suggested in case of gastric dilatation with volvolus, gastric foreign bodies, gastric retention, out flow obstruction, hypertropicgastropathy, gastric neoplasia, and gastroduodenal ulceration. Gastrotomy closure technique after gastric surgery is very crucial to avoid post-operative complication like peritonitis. Different techniques are considered to close gastric incisions like absorbable suturing material, stapler suture and use of adhesive glue. These techniques give different kind of effects on gastrotomy closure.
The present study was carried out on 12 adult mongrel dogs with an average of 15 to 20 kg body weight. They were divided into three groups, each group having 4 animals and designated as group A, B and C. Standard Gastrotomy procedure was performed in group A B and C. After performing surgery, the dogs of group A were sutured by cushing suture, followed by continuous lambert suture by 2/0 synthetic absorbable suture. While in group B dogs, stapler sutures were used to close gastric incision and in dogs of group C, incision site was closed through use of tissue adhesive glue (cyanoacrylate).
Comparison of all suturing and sutureless techniques was carried out through Physical evaluation, food, water intake and defecation, Weight loss / gain, Complete Blood Count, Leakage evaluation by contrast radiography and postmortem findings. It was concluded that suturing technique (using absorbable suture material in two layers) maybe considered much better than other two methods (adhesive glue and stapling) economically, due to use of ease and least post-operative complication. Although glue may be considered as second option due to easy handling, minimum fibrosis, least stenosis and better healing time. Stapling may be the third one
SUMMARY
55
because it experiences difficulty to fire, greater chances of infection due to staples and more prone to leakage and stenosis.
The results of this study will help veterinarian, field workers and pet practioners to use suturing technique as most effective and appropriate technique for gastrotomy closure in terms of better healing, less blood loss and least chances of post operation complications. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2559-T] (1).
